Fractional Pfaff-Birkhoff Principle and Birkhoff′s Equations in Terms of Riesz Fractional Derivatives

The dynamical and physical behavior of a complex system can be more accurately described by using the fractional model.With the successful use of fractional calculus in many areas of science and engineering,it is necessary to extend the classical theories and methods of analytical mechanics to the fractional dynamic system.Birkhoffian mechanics is a natural generalization of Hamiltonian mechanics,and its core is the Pfaff-Birkhoff principle and Birkhoff′s equations.The study on the Birkhoffian mechanics is an important developmental direction of modern analytical mechanics.Here,the fractional Pfaff-Birkhoff variational problem is presented and studied.The definitions of fractional derivatives,the formulae for integration by parts and some other preliminaries are firstly given.Secondly,the fractional Pfaff-Birkhoff principle and the fractional Birkhoff′s equations in terms of RieszRiemann-Liouville fractional derivatives and Riesz-Caputo fractional derivatives are presented respectively.Finally,an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.     

浅析重庆机场雷暴天气条件下的塔台管制指挥

重庆江北机场周围的地形复杂、空域有限,每年的3月至10月份是雷暴天气的频发期。本文以重庆空管分局塔台管制室的实际运行程序为基础,提出了一些在雷暴天气条件下管制指挥建议,在提高运行效率、降低管制运行风险等方面能起到较大作用。     

Influence of lunar topography on simulated surface temperature

The surface temperature of the Moon is one of the essential parameters for the lunar exploration, especially to evaluate the Moon thermophysical features. The distribution of the temperature is heavily influenced by the Moon topography, which, however, is rarely studied in the state-of-art surface temperature models. Therefore, this paper takes the Moon topography into account to improve the surface temperature model, Racca model. The main parameters, such as slopes along the longitude and latitude directions, are estimated with the topography data from Chang’E-1 satellite and the Horn algorithm. Then the effective solar illumination model is then constructed with the slopes and the relative position to the subsolar point. Finally, the temperature distribution over the Moon surface is obtained with the effective illumination model and the improved Racca model. The results indicate that the distribution of the temperature is very sensitive to the fluctuation of the Moon surface. The change of the surface temperature is up to 150 K in some places compared to the result without considering the topography. In addition, the variation of the surface temperature increases with the distance from the subsolar point and the elevation, along both latitude and longitude directions. Furthermore, the simulated surface temperature coincides well with the brightness temperature in 37 GHz observed by the microwave sounder onboard Chang’E-2 satellite. The corresponded emissivity map not only eliminates the influence of the topography, but also hints the inherent properties of the lunar regolith just below the surface. Last but not the least, the distribution of the permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) in the lunar pole area is also evaluated with the simulated surface temperature result.     

Determination of land surface temperature using precipitable water based Split-Window and Artificial Neural Network in Turkey

Land surface temperature (LST) calculation utilizing satellite thermal images is very difficult due to the great temporal variance of atmospheric water vapor in the atmosphere which strongly affects the thermal radiance incoming to satellite sensors. In this study, Split-Window (SW) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) methods were utilized for prediction of LST using precipitable water for Turkey. Coll 94 Split-Window algorithm was modified using regional precipitable water values estimated from upper-air Radiosond observations for the years 1990–2007 and Local Split-Window (LSW) algorithms were generated for the study area. Using local algorithms and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data, monthly mean daily sum LST values were calculated. In RBF method latitude, longitude, altitude, surface emissivity, sun shine duration and precipitable water values were used as input variables of the structure. Correlation coefficients between estimated and measured LST values were obtained as 99.23% (for RBF) and 94.48% (for LSW) at 00:00 UTC and 92.77% (for RBF) and 89.98% (for LSW) at 12:00 UTC. These meaningful statistical results suggest that RBF and LSW methods could be used for LST calculation.     

一种提高我国空间站中继测控覆盖率的方法

根据中继卫星的定点位置,对我国中继卫星-空间站的几何覆盖率进行了分析,并对提高空间站中继测控覆盖率的途径进行了研究,提出了一种采用不同舱段的2副中继天线融合使用,并通过调整天线安装布局提高中继测控覆盖率的方法。经理论分析和仿真验证,该方法能够有效地提高空间站中继测控覆盖率,可为我国空间站中继天线的安装布局设计提供参考。     

四轴飞行器姿态监控系统设计

设计了一套四轴飞行器上位机监控系统。针对准确掌握四轴飞行器的实时姿态、位置等信息和对四轴飞行器进行精准控制两大核心问题,开发了由上位机实现四轴飞行器姿态数据采集、通信及控制等功能的监控系统。监控系统良好的功能设计和友好的人机界面使得用户能够准确掌握飞行器的飞行信息,从而能够更精准地控制四轴飞行器飞行姿态。实验验证,监控系统简单实用,性能稳定,精度高,使整个飞行系统抗干扰能力强,鲁棒性、稳定性好。     

超空泡鱼雷外形优化

为了优化超空泡鱼雷的外形参数,获得同一空化数下的最大航行体体积,基于经验公式,考虑到空泡与超空泡雷体的关系,通过对圆盘空化器产生的超空泡形态近似处理和对超空泡鱼雷外形分段分析,推导了航行体最优外形下的半径计算公式.计算了一定空化数下航行体优化后的体积,与已有的某超空泡航行体原型做了对比,验证了优化结果的有效性.结果表明,外形优化能够增加航行体的容积和航程,提高超空泡鱼雷的性能.这为提高超空泡鱼雷的航程提供了一个方向,对今后超空泡航行体外形的优化设计提供参考.      

旋转变压器输出信号自动标定

旋转变压器输出以角位置正余弦为包络的调幅信号,一般通过检波与解调获取角位置及角速度信息.检波后信号往往存在直流偏置、幅值不等和相位偏移,对其进行标定是实现高精度解调的前提.针对检波后信号的标定问题,提出了一种离线自动标定方法.设计状态观测器,对检波后两路信号的幅值及直流偏置进行估计;构造二元二次目标函数,利用梯度估计法,获取相位偏移.理论分析表明,与仅采用梯度估计法相比,此方法避免了目标函数多解问题.实验结果表明,此方法参数选择容易,具有较高的精度,是完全可行的.      

虚警影响下的备件库存优化

在虚警存在时完好的零部件被误诊为故障件而对维修站点发出备件需求,从而会对备件的需求率高估,所以需要引入虚警率修正备件需求率使之更为精确.证明了当虚警率服从指数分布时,考虑虚警的外场故障发生数仍然符合泊松分布.根据多层可修件库存控制理论,建立考虑虚警率的需求数和期望备件短缺数（EBO,Expected BackOrder）的函数关系,以期望备件短缺数为优化目标,对目标函数进行凸分析,建立面向系统虚警的备件配置凸优化算法,保证所选库存方案在系统发生虚警的情况下提高系统效能,并构建了某型飞机的应用验证案例,给出了最优的备件配置方案.      

氧在熔融SiO2中扩散的分子动力学模拟

在高温干燥的氧气环境中,SiC材料将氧化生成SiO₂氧化膜,影响材料性能。SiO₂在SiC上的生长由氧气通过氧化物的扩散控制。由于温度条件限制,传统实验方法很难测定氧气在高温氧化物中的扩散。本文采用分子动力学研究不同温度下氧在熔融SiO₂中的扩散行为。基于Morse、L-J等势函数及其参数,模拟了高温下的无定形SiO₂结构,计算获得了氧在950、1 100、1 200、1 300及1 400 ℃温度下的均方位移曲线及扩散系数,分析了温度对气体扩散的影响作用,拟合了温度相关的Arrhenius公式。研究结果可为SiC基及其复合材料的氧化行为研究提供参考。