一种基于系留无人机的图像遥测系统设计

针对海上船舶甲板的监控需求,本文提出了一种基于系留无人机的图像遥测系统设计方法,即通过系留无人机上的图像采集装置对被监控目标进行视频信号实时采集、压缩,再经过遥测装置的编码、调制、放大后由天线进行辐射,最后由数十公里外的遥测接收机完成接收、解调、解码,可实时显示船舶甲板图像信息。文中介绍了系统的软硬件组成、关键设备的设计方法、综合性能的分析,对相关图像遥测技术应用有一定参考意义。     

利用掩星温度数据推算大气月平均纬向风场

为了弥补中高层大气风场探测数据的不足,对2007年COSMIC全球掩星在20～60km高度内的温度数据进行网格化插值,利用梯度风计算方法,计算得到20～60km高度内的月平均纬向风场,分别与ECMWF再分析数据和HWM07模式进行对比分析.结果表明,利用COSMIC温度数据计算得出的纬向风与ECMWF的纬向风十分接近,而与HWM07结果有一定差异,但总体变化趋势一致.与ECMWF再分析数据相比,利用COSMIC温度数据计算的月平均纬向风场平均偏差为-1.50～-0.08m·^-1,标准差为1.50～11.95m·^-1.与HWM07模式风场相比,利用COSMIC温度计算的月平均纬向风场平均偏差为-0.83～1.21m·^-1,标准差为3.69～11.14m·^-1.     

空间小推力轨道最优Bang-Bang控制的两类延拓解法综述

介绍了空间小推力轨道优化问题中的最优Bang-Bang控制问题,对两类延拓解法给出了描述:第一类解法首先求解能量最优解,然后采用能量–燃耗同伦得到最优Bang-Bang控制;第二类解法引入推力开关切换准则,以双脉冲解作为初解,通过参数延拓得到最优Bang-Bang控制。对两类延拓解法进行了比较,指出了各自的优势与特点。对延拓方法应用于求解更加复杂的小推力轨道设计问题进行了展望,提出了包含初解、延拓与拼接三要素的人工智能轨道优化概念。     

舱内航天服散热途径分析

为分析常压下航天员穿着舱内航天服时的散热性能，６名健康男性青年按二次复合设计分组共进行２４人次试验，经分析计算了获得了服装各散热途径的散热率随通风气源参数及人体活动水平变化的数学模型。对影响服装散热性能的因素及服装散热特性进行了分析讨论。     

Compact antennas for UWB applications

A report on an investigation of spherical, disc, and half-disc antennas in the frequency and time domains with the objective of developing small planar versions of the antennas. These antennas have an omni-directional impulse response in azimuth and pulse duration of 0.5-0.65 nanoseconds. In addition, the measured data show a reasonable peak received signal in a pulse communication link using two identical antennas.     

复杂可修系统效能中可信度矩阵的构造方法

复杂可修系统可信度建模对保证效能的定量分析至关重要.本文在考虑不同维修状况的基础上,着重对不同任务剖面内相应任务阶段中武器装备可信度进行了深入的定量分析和综合,进而构造出武器装备的可信度矩阵,用于武器装备的效能分析;文中以某地面车辆为例,进一步论证了武器装备可信度矩阵的工程含义,旨在为合理确定一大类武器装备的效能和可信度指标提供理论依据.     

小波技术在组合导航系统故障诊断中的应用

针对组合导航系统中存在的故障类型和特点，提出一种新的基于信号处理的故障检测方法。该方法利用小波分析技术对含有故障信息的系统信号进行分析处理，并将此方法应用于SINS／GPS组合导航系统。仿真结果分析表明，小波分析技术能很好地及时检测出组合导航系统的硬故障，且更加简便灵活，从而可以将小波分析技术应用于组合导航系统的故障检测。     

Development of an improved ground-based prototype of space plant-growing facility

Based on a formerly developed ground-based prototype of space plant-growing facility, the development of its improved prototype has been finished, so as to make its operating principle better adapt to the space microgravity environment. According to the developing experience of its first generation prototype and detailed demonstration and design of technique plan, its blueprint design and machining of related components, whole facility installment, debugging and trial operations were all done gradually. Its growing chamber contains a volume of about 0.5 m³ and a growing area of approximate 0.5 m²; the atmospheric environmental parameters in the growing chamber and water content in the growing media were controlled totally and effectively; lighting source is a combination of both red and blue light emitting diodes (LED). The following demonstrating results showed that the entire system design of the prototype is reasonable and its operating principle can nearly meet the requirements of space microgravity environment. Therefore, our plant-growing technique in space was advanced further, which laid an important foundation for next development of the space plant-growing facility and plant-cultivating experimental research in space microgravity condition.     

Neoplastic cell transformation by high-LET radiation: molecular mechanisms.

Experimental data on molecular mechanisms are essential for understanding the bioeffects of radiation and for developing biophysical models, which can help in determining the shape of dose-response curves at very low doses, e.g., doses less than 1 cGy. Although it has been shown that ionizing radiation can cause neoplastic cell transformation directly, that high-LET heavy ions in general can be more effective than photons in transforming cells, and that the radiogenic cell transformation is a multi-step process [correction of processes], we know very little about the molecular nature of lesions important for cell transformation, the relationship between lethal and transformational damages, and the evolution of initial damages into final chromosomal aberrations which alter the growth control of cells. Using cultured mouse embryo cells (C3H10T1/2) as a model system, we have collected quantitative data on dose-response curves for heavy ions with various charges and energies. An analysis of these quantitative data suggested that two DNA breaks formed within 80 angstroms may cause cell transformation and that two DNA breaks formed within 20 angstroms may be lethal. Through studies with restriction enzymes which produce DNA damages at specific sites, we have found that DNA double strand breaks, including both blunt- and cohesive-ended breaks, can cause cell transformation in vitro. These results indicate that DNA double strand breaks can be important primary lesions for radiogenic cell transformation and that blunt-ended double strand breaks can form lethal as well as transformational damages due to misrepair or incomplete repair in the cell. The RBE-LET relationship is similar for HGPRT gene mutation, chromosomal deletion, and cell transformation, suggesting common lesions may be involved in these radiation effects. The high RBE of high-LET radiation for cell killing and neoplastic cell transformation is most likely related to its effectiveness in producing DNA double strand breaks in mammalian cells. At present the role of oncogenes in radiation cell transformation is unclear.     

Improved ZCS-PWM commutation cell for IGBTs application

An improved zero-current-switching pulsewidth-modulated (ZCS-PWM) commutation cell is presented, which is suitable for high-power applications using insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) as the power switches. It provides ZCS operation for active switches and zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) operation for passive switches. Besides operating at constant frequency and reducing commutation losses, the proposed ZCS-PWM switch cell has no additional current stress and conduction loss in the main switch. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed ZCS-PWM commutation cell, it was applied to a boost converter. Operating principle, theoretical analysis, design guidelines, and a design example are described and verified by experiment results obtained from a prototype rated 1 kW and operating at 40 kHz. The PWM switch model and state-space averaging approach is also used to estimate and examine the steady-state and dynamic character of ZCS-PWM boost converter system. Finally, the application of the proposed soft-switching technique in the dc-dc nonisolated converters is presented.