日本宇航元器件保证工作简介

从宇航元器件的分类、质量等级、选用、采购和应用等元器件保证的主要方面,介绍日本宇航元器件的保证现状和质量管理的情况,并结合国情提出做好我国宇航元器件保证工作的建议。     

基于重复控制技术的航空静止变流器

针对航空静止变流器输出电压波形畸变的问题,提出了采用重复控制技术解决方案.重复控制的基本思想是控制理论中的内模原理,逐周期地消除控制误差.分析了重复控制补偿器的数学表达式;证明了重复控制系统的稳定性和收敛性;给出了控制器各环节参数的频域设计方法;并根据一台采用单极性倍频正弦脉宽调制(SPWM)的6kVA/50Hz/200V航空静止变流器的实际参数进行仿真验证.仿真结果表明了控制模型和参数设计方法的正确性,同时也验证了重复控制对解决逆变电源受基波整数倍周期性信号干扰或带非线性负载所造成的输出电压波形畸变是行之有效的.      

三层壳体计算的刚度等效方法

针对三层壳体计算复杂的问题,提出了一种较简单的计算三层壳体的方法——刚度等效法.该方法可以充分利用通用板壳理论的研究成果,直接使用通用板壳理论的公式.使用刚度等效法计算三层壳体可以减少计算工作量,并保留较高的计算精度.分析了通用板壳理论中的公式特点,根据刚度等效原理,给出了三层板的刚度等效计算过程,推导出了三层板的等效弹性模量和等效厚度的计算公式.在算例中,直接把三层板的等效弹性模量和等效厚度代入通用板壳理论的公式,计算出了弹性基础上三层圆柱壳体的位移.通过数值计算对刚度等效方法进行了验证.刚度等效方法可以用于其它多层薄壁壳体的计算.      

Theoretical study of flow ripple for an aviation axial-piston pump with damping holes in the valve plate

Based on the structure of a certain type of aviation axial-piston pump＇s valve plate which adopts a pre-pressurization fluid path （consisting a damping hole, a buffer chamber, and an orifice） to reduce flow ripple, a single-piston model of the aviation axial-piston pump is presented. This sin- gle-piston model comprehensively considers fluid compressibility, orifice restriction effect, fluid resistance in the capillary tube, and the leakage flow. Besides, the instantaneous discharge areas used in the single-piston model have been calculated in detail. Based on the single-piston model, a multi-piston pump model has been established according to the simple hydraulic circuit. The sin- gle- and multi-piston pump models have been realized by the S-function in Matlab/Simulink. The developed multi-piston pump model has been validated by being compared with the numerical result by computational fluid dynamic （CFD）. The effects of the pre-pressurization fluid path on the flow ripple and the instantaneous pressure in the piston chamber have been studied and opti- mized design recommendations for the aviation axial-piston pump have been given out.     

－类非线性微分方程解空间显易结构的唯一性

对所有形如的方程的集合Ｅ（Ｄ），引入线性变换群Ｇ（Ｄ），从而将Ｅ（Ｄ）进行等价分类，并由此提出解空间显易结构唯一性概念，指出Ｂｅｒｎｏｕｌｌｉ类方程具第一显易结构，但其显易结构不唯一，而任何非Ｂｅｒｎｏｕｌｌｉ类方程着具显易结构，则其显易结构必唯一．     

Study on ballistic penetration resistance of titanium alloy TC4, Part II: Numerical analysis

Enhancing containment capability and reducing weight are always great concerns in the design of casings. Ballistic tests can help to mitigate a catastrophic event after a blade out, yet taking time and costing money. A wise way is to hunt for a validated numerical simulation technology, through which the material dynamic behavior over the strain rate range in the ballistic tests should be represented and reasonable failure strain should be defined. The simulation results show that the validation of the numerical simulation technology based on the test data can accurately estimate the absorption energy, describe the physical process and failure mode during the penetration, as well as the failure mechanism. It is found that energy dissipation of projectiles is in manner of compression stage, energy conversion stage, and interactive scrap stage. An effect indicator is proposed, where the factors of critical velocity including impact orientation and mass of projectiles and thickness of casings are considered. The critical velocity presents a linear relation with the effect indicator, which implies the critical velocity obtained by the flat casing could underestimate the capability of the real casing.     

Multiple model particle flter track-before-detect for range ambiguous radar

The middle pulse repetition frequency（MPRF）and high pulse repetition frequency（HPRF）modes are widely adopted in airborne pulse Doppler（PD）radar systems,which results in the problem that the range measurement of targets is ambiguous.The existing data processing based range ambiguity resolving methods work well on the condition that the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR）is high enough.In this paper,a multiple model particle flter（MMPF）based track-beforedetect（TBD）method is proposed to address the problem of target detection and tracking with range ambiguous radar in low-SNR environment.By introducing a discrete variable that denotes whether a target is present or not and the discrete pulse interval number（PIN）as components of the target state vector,and modeling the incremental variable of the PIN as a three-state Markov chain,the proposed algorithm converts the problem of range ambiguity resolving into a hybrid state fltering problem.At last,the hybrid fltering problem is implemented by a MMPF-based TBD method in the Bayesian framework.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed Bayesian approach can estimate target state as well as the PIN simultaneously,and succeeds in detecting and tracking weak targets with the range ambiguous radar.Simulation results also show that the performance of the proposed method is superior to that of the multiple hypothesis（MH）method in low-SNR environment.     

星载多波束接收天线自适应宽带校正方法

射频通道的不一致性会严重影响阵列天线的性能,因此必须对各通道的失配进行补偿,提高各通道的幅相一致性。对星载多波束天线宽带接收通道而言,其不一致性表现为各通道频率响应的失配。针对星载应用,提出一种基于自适应滤波器的离线宽带校正方法,对通道间的失配进行补偿。同时分别对最小均方(LMS)算法及递归最小二乘(RLS)算法进行计算机仿真,并对两种算法的校正效果进行对比。分析校正效果与自适应滤波器抽头数之间的关系,并比较校正前后天线方向图性能指标。仿真结果表明,提出的方法能有效校正通道间的失配。     

航天器真空热试验人员窒息预想事故的事故树分析

事故树分析法具有逻辑性强、形象化的特点,将安全事故与原因用逻辑树图的方式表现出来,能够系统分析安全事故产生的原因,明确安全管理工作的重点。文章对航天器真空热试验人员窒息预想事故进行了事故树分析,分析了导致事故发生的基本事件,求取了最小割集、最小径集,并对基本事件进行了结构重要度分析,根据分析结果提出了安全预防措施的建议。     

曲面夹层结构成形压力和反弹分析

针对曲面夹层结构制造过程中的力学问题,分析了制造过程中曲面夹层结构的刚度变化,说明了曲面夹层结构的成形机理并给出了刚度计算公式.讨论了曲面夹层结构成形压力的计算方法,使用板壳理论推导出了小曲率曲面夹层结构的成形压力计算公式,给出了算例和计算结果.讨论了曲面夹层结构反弹的计算方法,给出了小曲率曲面夹层结构的反弹计算公式和算例的计算结果.分析了普通蜂窝、柔性蜂窝和微型桁架的变形特点,提出了曲面夹层结构夹芯的选择原则.