圆柱形弹体隐身材料电磁色散特性研究

采用坐标变换方法对二维圆柱形弹体隐身材料进行了分析,得到了二维圆柱形隐身弹体隐身材料的电磁色散方程.计算结果表明,二维圆柱形弹体隐身材料对电磁波具有良好的散射特性.     

一种基于SIFT和KLT相结合的特征点跟踪方法研究

在目标发生明显姿态和大小变化条件下,为了利用基于特征点的跟踪算法实现对目标可靠、稳定跟踪,提出了一种SIFT算法和KLT(Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi)匹配算法相结合的特征点跟踪方法。通过对SIFT算法进行优化,使得到特征点分布相对均匀,同时不存在聚集现象;通过对KLT匹配算法进行分层迭代设计,提高了目标作快速运动时的匹配精度;最后根据特征点匹配结果,结合Greedy算法得到目标的准确位置。实验结果表明：该算法能够很好地适应目标姿态和大小的变化,实现对结构复杂目标的稳定跟踪;比KLT跟踪算法具有更好的鲁棒性和稳定性,能得到更加准确的目标位置。      

一种窄边波导缝隙行波阵天线抑制交叉极化的新方法

提出一种抑制交叉极化的新方法,通过调整天线与地板的间距,使得交叉极化反射波与直射波相消,从而达到抑制交叉极化的目的。这种方法克服了传统方法的弊端,具有结构简单、实现方便、交叉极化抑制效果良好且对主极化方向图影响小的优点。理论分析、仿真结果与实测结果取得了一致。最终将交叉极化电平降低了6dB,证明了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

基于有限时间H2性能指标的导弹机动突防策略设计

针对导弹机动突防策略设计中存在的对主要性能指标缺乏综合评价手段的问题,基于有限时间H2性能指标,给出系统性能分析与设计的准则,综合考虑脱靶量和机动消耗的能量,设计了脱靶量/能量最优的机动形式。考虑拦截器制导律信息存在不确定性,提出了有限时间鲁棒H2性能分析方法与有限时间鲁棒H2保性能控制准则,设计了在拦截器制导律信息存在不确定性时的保性能机动。结果表明,突防导弹在拦截末段的大幅度机动最为有效,能够以较小的能量代价换取较大的拦截脱靶量。
     

猎鹰9火箭Block5构型首次飞行任务解析

美国太空探索技术公司于2018年5月完成猎鹰9Block5构型火箭的首次飞行任务,研究猎鹰9Block5构型火箭的总体方案,以及为更好地实现重复使用所采取的动力系统升级、箭体结构优化和其他改进措施,回顾了猎鹰9火箭3次主要构型升级的改进方案和衍化路线,分析了此构型火箭首飞对世界航天发展的影响,提出了未来商业航天运输系统的发展建议。     

基于混杂非对称复合材料的自适应对日定向器

提出并设计了一种基于混杂非对称复合材料层合板的新型自适应对日定向器。该对日定向器采用混杂非对称复合材料层合板作为驱动元件,利用在轨光照条件的变化引起复合材料层合板温度变化,进而使其产生热变形并驱动太阳翼发生偏转。提出的自适应对日定向器结合传统的单自由度对日定向机构,能够实现太阳能帆板的双自由度对日定向。介绍了自适应对日定向器的基本原理,并结合地球静止轨道的光照条件进行了具体设计。利用能量变分原理建立了混杂非对称复合材料的热变形模型,分析其热变形特点,并利用有限元方法对定向器在地球静止轨道上的温度场特性、热变形及对日定向转动角度进行分析。有限元分析结果表明,通过合理设计,自适应对日定向器的转角能够随太阳光入射角变化呈线性变化,定向精度可达±1°。     

Modes of uncontrolled rotational motion of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Progress M-29M</Emphasis> spacecraft

We have reconstructed the uncontrolled rotational motion of the Progress M-29M transport cargo spacecraft in the single-axis solar orientation mode (the so-called sunward spin) and in the mode of the gravitational orientation of a rotating satellite. The modes were implemented on April 3–7, 2016 as a part of preparation for experiments with the DAKON convection sensor onboard the Progress spacecraft. The reconstruction was performed by integral statistical techniques using the measurements of the spacecraft’s angular velocity and electric current from its solar arrays. The measurement data obtained in a certain time interval have been jointly processed using the least-squares method by integrating the equations of the spacecraft’s motion relative to the center of mass. As a result of processing, the initial conditions of motion and parameters of the mathematical model have been estimated. The motion in the sunward spin mode is the rotation of the spacecraft with an angular velocity of 2.2 deg/s about the normal to the plane of solar arrays; the normal is oriented toward the Sun or forms a small angle with this direction. The duration of the mode is several orbit passes. The reconstruction has been performed over time intervals of up to 1 h. As a result, the actual rotational motion of the spacecraft relative to the Earth–Sun direction was obtained. In the gravitational orientation mode, the spacecraft was rotated about its longitudinal axis with an angular velocity of 0.1–0.2 deg/s; the longitudinal axis executed small oscillated relative to the local vertical. The reconstruction of motion relative to the orbital coordinate system was performed in time intervals of up to 7 h using only the angularvelocity measurements. The measurements of the electric current from solar arrays were used for verification.     

A Study of the Reflection of Radio Waves from the Plasma Region on the Track behind an Axisymmetric Body Moving in the Earth’s Atmosphere

The results of numerical calculation of the dependences of the electron density, the eigenfrequency and the dielectric plasma permeability on the geometric parameters and the altitude of body motion in the near and far wake behind a thin conical body with a spherical nose blunting have been presented. The electron density maximum has been shown to be located in the region of the neck of the near wake behind the body, which determines the type of this region (supercritical or subcritical). This in turn affects the propagation of radio waves through this plasma region. A comparative analysis was performed for two different bodies with the same ballistic coefficient values. No characteristic distinctions were revealed in the values of electron density or the plasma eigenfrequency in the near and far wake behind these bodies. However, it has been shown that there are differences in the values of the distance from the bottom cross section to the neck of the near wake behind these bodies.     

Design of Interplanetary Transfers with Passive Gravity Assists and Deep Space Maneuvers

In the paper, the problem of designing interplanetary trajectories with several swing-bys and deep-space maneuvers is solved using the method of virtual trajectories developed by the authors. The algorithms for the calculation of both heliocentric and planetocentric trajectory arcs are presented, including the case of resonant trajectories. The results of applying the method of virtual trajectories to the problem of designing an interplanetary transfer to Jupiter are given and compared with the baseline trajectories for the Juno, Europa Clipper, and Laplace missions.     

天基强银河背景下的空间碎片探测试验及分析

本文设计并完成了银河背景下碎片探测试验,数据分析表明,强的银河背景会降低探测器对暗弱碎片的探测能力,但对碎片的天文定位精度影响不大。本文验证了采用基于探测概率的极限探测星等方法表征探测器极限探测能力的合理性,以及基于仿真的方法增加数据完备度的可行性。本文的工作将为后续天基探测器的设计及探测试验的开展提供依据。