Predicting performance in manually controlled rendezvous and docking through spatial abilities

Manually controlled rendezvous and docking (manual RVD) is a challenging space task for astronauts. This study aims to identify spatial abilities that are critical for accomplishing manual RVD. Based on task analysis, spatial abilities were deduced to be critical for accomplishing manual RVD. 15 Male participants performed manual RVD task simulations and spatial ability tests (the object-manipulation spatial ability and spatial orientation ability). Participants’ performance in the test of visualization of viewpoints (which measures the spatial orientation ability) was found to be significantly correlated with their manual RVD performance, indicating that the spatial orientation ability in the sense of perspective taking is particularly important for accomplishing manual RVD.     

Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

Orbit determination and prediction of GEO satellite of BeiDou during repositioning maneuver

In order to establish a continuous GEO satellite orbit during repositioning maneuvers, a suitable maneuver force model has been established associated with an optimal orbit determination method and strategy. A continuous increasing acceleration is established by constructing a constant force that is equivalent to the pulse force, with the mass of the satellite decreasing throughout maneuver. This acceleration can be added to other accelerations, such as solar radiation, to obtain the continuous acceleration of the satellite. The orbit determination method and strategy are illuminated, with subsequent assessment of the orbit being determined and predicted accordingly. The orbit of the GEO satellite during repositioning maneuver can be determined and predicted by using C-Band pseudo-range observations of the BeiDou GEO satellite with COSPAR ID 2010-001A in 2011 and 2012. The results indicate that observations before maneuver do affect orbit determination and prediction, and should therefore be selected appropriately. A more precise orbit and prediction can be obtained compared to common short arc methods when observations starting 1 day prior the maneuver and 2 h after the maneuver are adopted in POD (Precise Orbit Determination). The achieved URE (User Range Error) under non-consideration of satellite clock errors is better than 2 m within the first 2 h after maneuver, and less than 3 m for further 2 h of orbit prediction.     

TEC differences for the mid-latitude ionosphere in both sides of the longitudes with zero declination

Based on measurements of ground-based GPS station network, differences of the mid-latitude ionospheric TEC in the east and west sides of North America, South America and Oceania have been analyzed in this paper. Results show that for nearly all seasons from 2001 to 2010 and in both sides of the longitudes with zero declination, there exist systematic differences for the mid-latitude ionospheric TEC in the regions mentioned above and the features of these differences markedly depend upon the local time but less depend upon seasons and the level of solar activity. Theory analysis shows that the longitude variations of both declination and zonal thermospheric winds are one of important factors to cause differences of the mid-latitude ionospheric TEC in both sides of the longitudes with zero declination.     

俄罗斯材料及热工艺标准中的安全性要求

过对大量俄罗斯航空材料与热工艺标准所做的分析,得出了他们十分重视安全性问题的结论。总结归纳了俄标中所列举的危险性来源,对主要不安全因素的控制要求和措施。说明了重视安全性问题是事关实现“可持续发展”战略和贯彻ＩＳＯ１４０００ 系列标准的重大问题。建议我们在制定有关国军标、航标时也应将安全性要求包括进去。     

空气系统不干性密封腻子的标准化

密封剂是施放在武器装备结构组件缝隙处的一种十分常用的非金属材料。ＧＪＢ２８９７－９７《空气系统不干性密封腻子及其腻子布规范》是集俄罗斯及西方国家有关标准（如ＭＩＬ标准）之所长,结合我国多年来研究及使用经验而编制的。本标准对密封腻子规定了两种分类方式,６项有关工艺和使用性能方面的技术指标;着重规定了腻子对有机玻璃银纹影响的允许指标及其试验方法。     

MR螺纹在修理过程及型号研制中的应用问题

读了《航空标准化与质量》１９９９年第１期胡富同志撰写的《ＭＲ螺纹在修理过程中的应用探讨》一文,笔者认为该文较全面分析了ＭＲ螺纹和ＭＪ螺纹之间的关系以及与普通螺纹之间的连带关系,同时还在综述中明确指出了：“ＭＲ螺纹和ＭＪ螺纹的大径和中径相同,小径和外螺纹牙底圆弧半径只有很小的差异,因此ＭＲ螺纹与ＭＪ螺纹可以互换,且不会产生干涉,也不会改变配合性质。因此ＭＲ螺纹的加工和检验可以使用与其公差带相同的ＭＪ螺纹的加工工具和检验工具”。但又提出：在修理过程中,ＭＲ螺纹不能用国军标ＭＪ螺纹替代,其理由是：“Ｍ…     

实现交互式三维参数化造型的研究

参数化设计方法是当今计算机辅助设计领域的一个热点课题,交互式三维参数化造型可以在原有模型的基础上,快速而方便地生成新的设计方案,大大提高了设计效率。本文所讨论的是通过引入特征的约束关系,利用现有的实体几何造型系统来实现交互式的三维参数化造型的方法。     

铝合金锻件重复淬火保温时间对组织性能的影响

分析了铝合金锻件重复淬火保温时间的长短及其组织性能的影响情况。根据大量的试验数据,证实了重复淬火保温时间及时效保温时间的长短对锻件性能的直接影响,并以此确定了合理的工艺参数。     

现代对策论研究

对策论是研究斗争局势中冲突问题的数学理论,笔者长期以来在此领域进行了大量的研究探讨,本文概要介绍了主要工作。