中国月球与深空探测有效载荷技术的成就与展望

有效载荷是实现科学目标最直接的工具,其技术手段和水平影响科学目标的可实现程度。简要回顾了中国月球与深空探测的科学目标与有效载荷配置。介绍了"嫦娥1号"和"嫦娥2号"月球环绕探测器中采用的CCD立体相机、干涉式成像光谱仪、激光高度计、微波探测仪、伽马射线谱仪、X射线谱仪、太阳风粒子探测仪、高能粒子探测仪等遥感探测类有效载荷的技术实现、探测结果和取得的成就。同时,也介绍了"嫦娥3号"月球着陆器和巡视器中采用的地形地貌相机、月基光学望远镜、极紫外相机、红外成像光谱仪、粒子激发X射线谱仪、测月雷达等就位和巡视探测类有效载荷的技术实现、探测结果和取得的成就。分析了有效载荷技术的发展趋势,展望了我国未来有效载荷技术的发展。     

基于TLE的Starlink星座第一阶段部署情况分析

近年来,随着卫星技术的快速发展和低轨（low earth orbit,LEO）卫星宽带互联网建设需求的不断增加,低轨大规模星座发展日新月异。针对Starlink星座初始化部署问题,首先论述了“星链”（Starlink）星座现状,分析在轨卫星高度变化。然后利用公开的两行轨道根数（two-line element,TLE）,从卫星发射入轨、轨道面分布两个方面,简要分析了Starlink星座的部署情况,给出升交点的变化规律;同时仿真分析了Starlink星座对地面的覆盖性能。最后,给出星座轨道面和相位分布、故障卫星处置以及可见卫星数量。所分析的结果以期为中国未来部署大规模LEO星座的建设提供借鉴。     

基于应变测量方法的卫星天线阵列变形检测

文章介绍了基于应变测量的卫星天线变形检测方法。该方法针对卫星天线在实际工作中产生的阵列形变,应用弹性力学的有关理论和解析方法,通过测量天线阵列单元面板表面的应变数据推导并拟合出天线阵列弯曲的挠度函数,绘制出天线阵列单元的变形构型。实验表明,该方法有较高的精度,能够为天线输出信号的相位校正控制提供依据。     

民机舱门过中心锁定机构可靠性设计

民机舱门的锁定机构设计是舱门设计的重点之一。针对民机舱门过中心锁定机构进行了可靠性设计研究,在分析其功能原理的基础上,构建了过中心锁定机构的可靠性模型,并提出了相应的求解方法;计算出锁定机构可靠性后,将计算结果与给定的可靠性指标进行对比分析,如果不满足可靠性指标要求,还需要进行可靠性改进设计;最后以某型民机舱门锁定机构为例进行了具体计算,分析了各个参数对锁定可靠性的影响和影响程度,为工程上锁定机构的设计提供了有益的借鉴。     

Fault self-repair strategy based on evolvable hardware and reparation balance technology

In the face of harsh natural environment applications such as earth-orbiting and deep space satellites, underwater sea vehicles, strong electromagnetic interference and temperature stress,the circuits faults appear easily. Circuit faults will inevitably lead to serious losses of availability or impeded mission success without self-repair over the mission duration. Traditional fault-repair methods based on redundant fault-tolerant technique are straightforward to implement, yet their area, power and weight cost can be excessive. Moreover they utilize all plug-in or component level circuits to realize redundant backup, such that their applicability is limited. Hence, a novel selfrepair technology based on evolvable hardware（EHW） and reparation balance technology（RBT） is proposed. Its cost is low, and fault self-repair of various circuits and devices can be realized through dynamic configuration. Making full use of the fault signals, correcting circuit can be found through EHW technique to realize the balance and compensation of the fault output-signals. In this paper, the self-repair model was analyzed which based on EHW and RBT technique, the specific self-repair strategy was studied, the corresponding self-repair circuit fault system was designed, and the typical faults were simulated and analyzed which combined with the actual electronic devices. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed fault self-repair strategy was feasible. Compared to traditional techniques, fault self-repair based on EHW consumes fewer hardware resources, and the scope of fault self-repair was expanded significantly.     

聚三唑树脂的固化动力学模型

运用分段拟合法所得的固化动力学模型描述了一种新型聚三唑树脂的固化行为。研究表明,该树 脂体系在固化前期符合自催化模型,模型为dα dt =3. 78×1016exp(-10200/ T)α0. 653(1-α)2. 015;在固化后期符合n 级固 化模型,模型为dα dt =3. 34×1016exp(-10200/ T)(1-α)0. 927。聚三唑树脂的固化工艺为:RT→80℃→120℃→150℃。     

采用序列概率比方法检测航空发动机传感器软故障

提出基于卡尔曼滤波和序列概率比方法进行某型涡扇发动机控制系统传感器软故障检测新方法.研究了采用修正的序列概率比方法处理滤波残差,检测传感器软故障;并将该方法与残差加权二乘算法WSSR(Weighted Sum of Squared Residual)检测传感器软故障过程进行了对比.仿真结果表明,序列概率比方法较WSSR法所需决策时间短,适合于航空发动机传感器软故障检测.      

软件复用技术在科学计算软件中的应用研究

首先介绍多层软件复用技术及它的两个实践形式,并讨论软件复用的应用策略;接着探讨适合科学计算软件的开发模型;然后,描述民用飞机性能计算软件的开发以说明软件复用;最后,提出软件复用在科学计算软件开发中的需注意的几点事项以及今后应用研究的方向.     

某小型无人机中长波辐射特性测量及辐射强度反演

随着“自杀式”无人机集群的饱和式攻击在战场上发挥巨大威力,如何有效拦截是各国近年来研究的重要方向,而红外探测是最热门也是最高效的探测拦截手段之一。为此,开展某典型无人机目标中长波红外探测试验,获取典型某无人机目标辐射特性数据,完成中长波红外辐射强度反演。同时,考虑环境变化对红外探测的影响,为使用红外探测手段完成无人机目标拦截提供实测效果演示。本文研究结果可作为论证中长波对无人机目标探测差异的依据,以支撑探测体制的选择。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.