基于幅频响应特性的半球谐振子频率裂解与固有刚度轴方位角测定方法

半球谐振子频率裂解与固有刚度轴方位角是影响陀螺性能指标的核心因素。提出了一种基于幅频响应特性的半球谐振子频率裂解与固有刚度轴方位角测定方法,采用压电激振台扫频激振,多普勒激光测振仪检测谐振子的幅频响应特性,通过幅频响应特性曲线分析实现频率裂解与固有刚度轴方位角的测定。对该方法进行了理论分析,搭建了实验装置,并对半球谐振子进行了测试,结果表明：该方法频率裂解测量精度优于0.01Hz,固有频率主轴方位角确定精度优于±1.17°,具有良好的可行性,在半球谐振陀螺研制方面具有良好的参考意义。     

一种抑制控制力矩陀螺框架电机共模电压的方法

控制力矩陀螺作为执行机构,是保障航天器在轨寿命和工作性能的核心部件之一。为了抑制控制力矩陀螺外框电机的共模电压,提高控制力矩陀螺的在轨寿命,本文提出了一种三相四桥臂的拓扑结构与优化的SVPWM调制算法结合的共模电压抑制方法,调制过程中避免零矢量的使用,使驱动器可以保持在平衡状态,经过仿真试验的结果对比分析,验证了这种方法可以有效的抑制系统的共模电压。     

应用于控制力矩陀螺电源模块的线性-非线性协同控制器设计

对控制力矩陀螺电源的控制器进行研究,基于对线性控制器及非线性控制器的分析,设计了线性-非线性协同控制器并搭建硬件模型,在电源系统动态调整阶段采用非线性控制器,在稳态阶段采用线性控制器。该方案较单一线性控制器提升了电源系统的动态性能,并保证了系统的稳定性及可靠性。对该鲁棒控制器进行了仿真分析并搭建实物,通过实验验证了相较线性控制器,使用协同控制器的电源模块在控制状态切换时,下冲量与调节时间分别减少了45%及58%,证明了该协同控制器能够有效提升CMG电源系统的动态性能。     

Parameter studies and evaluation principles of delamination damage in laminated composites

Delamination represents one of the most severe failure modes in composite laminates, especially when they are subjected to uniaxial compression loads. The evaluation of the delamination damage has always been an essential issue of composite laminates for durability and damage tolerance in engineering practice. Focusing on the most typical and representative elliptical delamination issue, an analytical model simultaneously considering the conservative buckling process and non-conservative delamination propagation process is implemented. Various computational cases considering different delamination depths, directions, aspect ratios, and areas are established, and the predicted results based on the analytical model are carefully compared. Effects of these geometrical delamination parameters on the buckling, delamination propagation, and failure behaviors of composite laminates are thoroughly analyzed, and innovative evaluation principles of the delamination damage have been concluded. It is found that the delamination area is the key factor that truly affecting the failure behaviors of delaminated composites, and the local / global buckling and failure loads show clear linearity with the delamination area, whilst the delamination depth and direction only have slight effects.     

激光辐照充压壳体的破坏评价(Ⅰ)——破坏概率分析

时激光辐照充压壳体破坏(失效)的结果进行评价时,对有关物理参量的不确定性进行定量分析是必要的.以充压壳体破坏(失效)的断裂机理为基础,讨论了如何建立壳体结构破坏(失效)的评价方法,问题的核心是建立壳体结构破坏(失效)的概率模型.该模型中,将影响结构破坏的各个物理参量划分为驱动力和抗力两种类型,通过计算驱动力和抗力的均值和标准差,可得到结构的破坏概率.在此基础上,给出了数值算例,得到了不同加载条件下模型壳体的破坏概率.     

用于共注射RTM工艺的环氧树脂和酚醛树脂的工艺特性

研究了用于共注射RTM工艺制备承载/隔热/防热一体化复合材料的酚醛树脂和环氧树脂的工艺特性.以苯并噁嗪为防热层的酚醛树脂基体,研究得到了满足共注射工艺条件的环氧树脂体系并确定了共注射的工艺窗口.研究结果表明,以E-44为基体树脂、以GA327改性芳胺为固化剂所构成的环氧树脂体系可作为承载层的基体树脂和苯并噁嗪树脂进行共注射,其共注射的工艺窗口温度为85～90 ℃,在此温度范围内,环氧树脂体系和低粘度保持时间大于20 min,满足了共注射RTM成型一体化复合材料的基本工艺要求.     

航天应用FPGA配置可靠性研究

航天应用系统必须保证每一单元的安全性及可靠性. 现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), 以其I/O管脚丰富、设计灵活等优势, 逐渐被广泛应用于航天领域. 其设计与工艺不断完善, 以适应太空中电子辐射等复杂的工作环境. 由于基于SRAM的FPGA芯片断电后程序丢失, 因此每次上电后都需要先从PROM等外部存储器中加载程序才能正常工作. 然而, 并不是每一个芯片的每一次加载配置都能成功完成, FPGA的上电配置结果将直接关系到卫星任务的成败. 研究发现, 诸如环境温度、信号完整性、供电电压、配置时钟速率等因素会影响FPGA的配置过程, 致使出现偶尔的配置失败, 这在航天应用中是绝对不允许的. 针对实际应用的Xilinx公司FPGA芯片, 为提高上电配置可靠性, 提出了一系列设计保障措施, 在FPGA航天应用领域具有一定的参考价值.     

GPS在气象火箭遥测跟踪上的应用

利用GPS全球定位系统、天线云台和宽波瓣天线组成的跟踪系统, 研究了接收位置信息与跟踪之间的时间差, 气象火箭理论弹道误差导致的中断跟踪,气象火箭探空仪分离后至初次定位前的跟踪, 天线云台转到359°位置后反转359°及跟踪过程中跟踪中断后的继续跟踪等关键问题,成功实现了气象火箭探空仪的遥测跟踪. 该跟踪系统在子午工程气象火箭试验中得到较好的应用, 此种跟踪方式相比传统雷达跟踪方式具有体积小、重量轻、操作简单、成本低、机动性强、跟踪可靠性强等诸多优点.     

基于加工误差仿真的半球谐振子优化设计

针对半球谐振陀螺谐振子制造过程中存在的加工误差,采用有限元仿真,分析了半球谐振子结构参数、尺寸公差和形位公差变化对其工作模态频率和临近模态频率的影响,研究了半球谐振子形位公差变化对频率裂解和品质因数的影响。通过仿真分析可知,半球谐振子结构参数壁厚、半球中心半径及内倒角半径都会影响模态频率;半球谐振子形位公差中的内外球心距离误差对其工作模态影响较大,中心轴平行误差对频率裂解和品质因数影响较大;半球谐振子壁厚、内倒角半径、小柱半径及内外球心距离误差变化会使工作模态频率与相邻模态间存在干扰。在此基础上,提出了半球谐振子结构参数及形位公差优化设计建议,并通过半球谐振子品质因数Q值和频率裂解测量对该建议进行了验证。     

Theory of physical libration of the Moon with the liquid core: Forced librations

For a two-layer model of the Moon that consists of a solid nonspherical mantle and an ellipsoidal homogeneous liquid core, a theory of forced librations under the effect of gravitational Earth’s moments has been developed. The motion of the Moon over its orbit has been described by the high-accuracy theory of DE/LE-4 orbital motion. Tables have been constructed that present forced librations of the Moon caused by the second harmonic of its force function, in the neighborhood of its motion according to the generalized Cassini laws. Disturbances of the first-order with respect to dynamic compressions of the Moon and its core are obtained in analytical form for Andoyer variables and Poincare variables and for the projection of the angular velocity vector of Moon’s mantle rotation and the Poincare coordinate system (relative to which core’s liquid accomplishes simple motion) on its major central axes of inertia, as well as for the classical variables in the Moon libration theory, etc. Constructed tables of the forced librations theory give the amplitudes and periods of librations and combinations of arguments of the orbital motion theory that correspond to libration parameters. The interpretation of basic variations has been given and a comparison with the previous theories has been carried out, in particular with the modern empirical theory constructed based on the laser observation data.