Fault diagnosis based on measurement reconstruction of HPT exit pressure for turbofan engine

Aero-engine gas path health monitoring plays a critical role in Engine Health Management(EHM). To achieve unbiased estimation, traditional filtering methods have strict requirements on measurement parameters which sometimes cannot be measured in engineering. The most typical one is the High-Pressure Turbine(HPT) exit pressure, which is vital to distinguishing failure modes between different turbines. For the case of an abrupt failure occurring in a single turbine component, a model-based sensor measurement reconstruction method is proposed in this paper. First,to estimate the missing measurements, the forward algorithm and the backward algorithm are developed based on corresponding component models according to the failure hypotheses. Then,a new fault diagnosis logic is designed and the traditional nonlinear filter is improved by adding the measurement estimation module and the health parameter correction module, which uses the reconstructed measurement to complete the health parameters estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can well restore the desired measurement and the estimated measurement can be used in the turbofan engine gas path diagnosis. Compared with the diagnosis under the condition of missing sensors, this method can distinguish between different failure modes, quantify the variations of health parameters, and achieve good performance at multiple operating points in the flight envelope.     

真实气体效应对Ma10级进气道流动的影响

为了探究高马赫数超燃冲压发动机高速飞行时真实气体效应对进气道流场的影响,仿真获得了不同气体模型下Ma10级进气道流场结构和性能。结果表明:进气道主流流场温度较低,不足以触发空气的离解反应,反应仅发生在边界层内,但反应程度较低,远未达到化学平衡状态,除了边界层温度及热载荷特性,其流场结果则更为贴近冻结流流场,因而化学非平衡模型与热完全气体模型的进气道通流流场结构和性能基本一致。而真实气体效应导致边界层特性的不同,对进气道起动特性产生影响,吸热离解反应通过对进口分离包的抑制和增大进口马赫数将进气道的再起动马赫数从9.8降低到9.4。在对进气道在宽速域应用中的钝化设计研究发现,真实气体效应虽然对前缘钝化进气道流场的压力分布和性能无明显影响,但是其能起到整体降低壁面热流的作用,不仅钝头处的热流降低了1MW/m2,通道内的热流也整体降低了0.1MW/m2。     

High-fidelity trajectory optimization for aeroassisted vehicles using variable order pseudospectral method

In this study, the problem of time-optimal reconnaissance trajectory design for the aeroassisted vehicle is considered. Different from most works reported previously, we explore the feasibility of applying a high-order aeroassisted vehicle dynamic model to plan the optimal flight trajectory such that the gap between the simulated model and the real system can be narrowed. A highly-constrained optimal control model containing six-degree-of-freedom vehicle dynamics is established. To solve the formulated high-order trajectory planning model, a pipelined optimization strategy is illustrated. This approach is based on the variable order Radau pseudospectral method, indicating that the mesh grid used for discretizing the continuous system experiences several adaption iterations. Utilization of such a strategy can potentially smooth the flight trajectory and improve the algorithm convergence ability. Numerical simulations are reported to demonstrate some key features of the optimized flight trajectory. A number of comparative studies are also provided to verify the effectiveness of the applied method as well as the high-order trajectory planning model.     

风洞试验绳牵引冗余并联机器人的刚度增强与运动控制

 以一种应用于低速风洞试验的6自由度绳牵引冗余并联机器人为研究对象,解决飞行器模型在风荷作用下动态定位误差大、力学测量精度不高的问题。运用微分变换推导了该机器人的刚度解析表达式;分别建立了末端执行器和驱动系统的动力学模型;针对系统冗余驱动、强耦合和非线性的特点,设计了基于刚度增强准则的关节空间比例微分（PD）修正前馈控制器,实现了以提高飞行器升力方向、顺风向和俯仰转动方向刚度为目标的绳系张力优化分配。数值仿真算例表明,与基于张力极小准则的控制器相比,前者有效地提高了飞行器的动态定位精度。     

窄带信号小样本谱估计算法

针对窄带平稳随机信号的小样本谱估计问题,结合均匀线性阵列的空间谱估计算法,提出了一种高性能小样本谱估计算法。该算法首先利用采样数据构造一个Toeplitz矩阵;然后对该矩阵进行特征值分解得到信号子空间和噪声子空间;再结合MUSIC、ESPRIT等子空间算法,即可实现对小样本采样数据的谱估计。数值仿真验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于贝叶斯可靠性的设计优化在弹翼蒙皮设计中的应用

针对设计优化中存在的偶然不确定性和认知不确定性,采用贝叶斯理论,利用验前信息,进行可靠性分析,提出了基于贝叶斯可靠性的设计优化方法,并将其应用到弹翼蒙皮设计中。在仿真中,计算了两种不确定性下的可靠度分布,优化结果达到了可靠性要求,并且计算简单,易于工程实现。     

Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si合金绝热剪切和局部流动行为

在THERMECMASTOR-Z型热模拟机上对Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si合金在变形温度780～1 080 ℃,应变速率0.001～70.000 s^-1条件下的流动应力变化规律进行了研究,分析了变形工艺参数对Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si合金绝热剪切和局部流动行为的影响,并采用基于动态材料模型的功率耗散图分析了Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si合金易发生绝热剪切和局部流动的热力参数范围。结果表明:在所研究的热变形条件下,当温度较高、应变速率较低时,变形呈稳态流动特征,当温度较低、应变速率较高时,变形呈流动软化特征。通过功率耗散图分析及微观组织观察可知,在α+β两相区变形,应变速率高于0.100 s^-1时,功率耗散系数多数小于0.16,变形多处于流变失稳区域,其变形机制主要为绝热剪切和局部流动。     

高温老化过程中推进剂模量变化对药柱结构完整性的影响

将NEPE推进剂在65℃,70℃,75℃下分别老化不同时间后,用动态力学分析仪测定其动态力学性能。利用测试得到的推进剂动态力学特性参数,经计算得出推进剂的平衡模量。随着老化时间增加,其平衡模量值逐渐降低。利用有限元方法,分析在老化过程中推进剂平衡模量的变化对药柱结构完整性的影响,即在高温老化过程中,当NEPE推进剂的平衡模量降低至某一值时,固体火箭发动机药柱的结构完整性破坏。     

基于Canny边缘检测的Mean-Shift跟踪核窗宽确定方法

传统核窗宽固定的Mean—Shift跟踪算法不能很好地对做复杂运动、尺寸变化的目标进行有效地跟踪,变核窗宽是解决这一问题的途径。图像的边缘表征了目标的重要特征,可以通过提取目标的边缘来确定核窗宽并用于跟踪。基于Canny边缘检测算法确定跟踪窗宽加快了Mean—Shift跟踪算法的运算速度,仿真结果验证了该跟踪算法的有效性。     

发动机线性模型在动态过程中的应用研究

本文分析了发动机线性模型在动态过程中的应用研究,建立了发动机线性变参数模型,并进行了仿真验证,获得了较好的动态性能。这样,在发动机整个工作过程中,可通过线性变参数模型将发动机的稳态和动态过程描述出来,方便了控制器的设计。