基于模糊奇偶方程的非线性系统传感器故障诊断

 给出了一种非线性系统传感器的故障诊断方法。该方法将T-S 模糊模型、全解耦奇偶方程和参数估计相结合,同时对非线性系统的多个传感器的故障进行检测、隔离与识别。设计出用于产生残差的线性系统全解耦奇偶方程,并给出了全解耦奇偶向量的存在条件,全解耦奇偶方程产生的残差仅对一个传感器故障敏感,而对系统状态、扰动输入和其它传感器输出解耦。引入T-S 模型将全解耦奇偶方程推广到非线性系统中得到了模糊奇偶方程。传感器的故障模型表示为刻度因子和偏差的形式,根据残差信息应用卡尔曼估计方法可识别出故障模型的参数。最后给出了某型号飞机控制系统传感器的故障诊断仿真实例。     

变幅载荷下改善焊接接头疲劳性能的超声冲击与TIG熔修方法之比较

 在恒幅和变幅两种加载条件下,对16Mn 钢原始焊态和经过超声冲击及TIG熔修处理的焊接接头进行了对比疲劳试验。结果表明: (1) 在恒幅载荷作用下,TIG熔修试件与焊态试件相比,疲劳强度提高37 %左右,疲劳寿命延长2.5 倍;而在变幅载荷作用下, TIG熔修试件与焊态试件相比,疲劳强度提高34 %左右,疲劳寿命延长1.7～1.9 倍。(2) 在恒幅载荷作用下,超声冲击处理试件与焊态试件相比,疲劳强度提高84 %左右,疲劳寿命延长3.5～27 倍;而在变幅载荷作用下,超声冲击处理试件与焊态试件相比,疲劳强度提高80 %左右,疲劳寿命延长2.5～17 倍。(3) 在低中应力水平、中长寿命区域内,无论是在恒幅载荷作用下还是在变幅载荷作用下,使用超声冲击法提高焊接接头疲劳强度较TIG熔修法的效果更好。     

空间柔性网—膜结构分析的数学规划算法

 提出了以参数变分原理为基础的数学规划算法, 以计算分析太空用品中网- 膜结构起皱现象。针对网状柔性结构分析, 算法的原理是将结构化成多个具有一定非线性本构关系的杆单元, 并在此基础上进行杆系结构非线性分析的规划算法构造, 可以较好地模拟网状柔性结构的起皱性质。而对于一般的膜结构, 则构造了用于直接分析的膜单元相对应的本构模型, 并在此基础上构造问题的求解算法。不同于常规的数值计算方法, 提出的算法不依赖于应力的迭代过程。参数变分原理和数学规划算法的应用, 使本算法可以很有效地分析预测网- 膜起皱的区域、模式和应力分布, 从而为解决网- 膜结构起皱问题提供依据。给出的数值算例说明了方法正确与有效性。     

基于灰色聚类的磨粒自动识别

 将灰色系统理论中的聚类分析技术用于磨损颗粒的自动识别, 编制了相应的计算机模拟程序。在对磨粒图象的形态特征参数进行敏感性分析的基础上, 确定了各参数的灰类白化权函数, 并结合磨粒识别的试验研究, 给出了磨粒各特征参数的聚类权值。应用此方法对一组标准磨粒进行了模拟识别, 识别正确率在90% 以上, 并且识别速度很快, 大大优于传统的磨粒识别方法。     

Optimal assimilation for ionospheric weather – Theoretical aspect

Observation, specification and prediction of ionospheric weather are the key scientific pursuits of space physicists, which largely based on an optimal assimilation system. The optimal assimilation system, or commonly called data assimilation system, consists of dynamic process, observation system and optimal estimation procedure. We attempt to give a complete framework in this paper under which the data assimilation procedure carries through. We discuss some crucial issues of data assimilation as follows: modeling a dynamic system for ionospheric weather; state estimation for static or steady system in sense of optimization and likelihood; state and its uncertainty estimation for dynamic process. Meanwhile we also discuss briefly the observability of an observation system; system parameter identification. Some data assimilation procedures existed at present are reviewed in the framework of this paper. As an example, a second order dynamic system is discussed in more detail to illustrate the specific optimal assimilation procedure, ranging from modeling the system, state and its uncertainty calculation, to the quantitatively integration of dynamic law, measurement to significantly reduce the estimation error. The analysis shows that the optimal assimilation model, with mathematical core of optimal estimation, differs from the theoretical, empirical and semi-empirical models in assimilating measured data, being constrained by physical law and being optimized respectively. The data assimilation technique, due to its optimization and integration feature, could obtain better accurate results than those obtained by dynamic process, measurement or their statistical analysis alone. The model based on optimal assimilation meets well with the criterion of the model or algorithm assessment by ‘space weather metrics’. More attention for optimal assimilation procedure creation should be paid to transition matrix finding, which is usually not easy for practical space weather system. High performance computing hardware and software studies should be promoted further so as to meet the requirement of large storage and extensive computation in the optimal estimation. The discussion in this paper is appropriate for the static or steady state or transition process of dynamic system. Many phenomena in space environment are unstable and chaos. So space environment study should include and integrate these two branches of learning. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

CAD参数化设计在注射模具中的应用

基于VLISP语言集成环境，对塑料注射成型模具的常用件进行了参数化设计，详细说明了界面设计和模块的使用过程，所设计的应用程序模块具有系统自动加载、用户界面操作简单、智能记忆输入的参数等特点，从而可在模具设计过程中，大大提高绘图效率。     

热防护用发汗冷却技术的研究进展（I）——冷却方式分类、发汗冷却材料及其基本理论模型

综述了国内外航天热防护用冷却技术的分类、发汗冷却材料研究现状以及发汗冷却技术理论模型的研究进展。比较分析了发汗冷却技术与其他冷却技术的优缺点，并对发汗冷却技术的理论模型作了初步的探讨。     

刚度比对复合材料多钉连接钉载分配影响研究

通过试验和有限元分析研究被连接元件的相对刚度对多钉双剪连接钉载分配的影响。对2种厚度层压板各研究了4种刚度比情况,对每种情况都用3种有限元模型进行了钉载分配的计算,计算结果与试验结果符合较好。得出的结论可以用于复合材料结构的设计。     

载人航天飞行试验任务中遥控计划正确性自动验证方法的研究

本文以我国栽人航天工程飞行试验任务为背景,讨论了在任务中遥控计划的验证内容、正确性判断准则和判断方法,并给出了遥控计划正确性验证的流程。通过在任务中实现遥控计划正确性自动验证。保证了北京中心遥控计划的正确性和可靠性,确保了飞控任务的顺利实施,大大提高了工作效率。     

氢对TC4钛合金室温压缩行为的影响

通过置氢TC4钛合金的力学试验,研究了不同置氢工艺和氢含量对置氢TC4室温塑性的影响.结果表明:在氢含量(w)低于0.35%时,变形硬化指数减小.氢含量(w)达0.5%时,钛合金屈服强度较原始状态降低近500MPa,这就为利用氢处理方法改善钛合金室温塑性提供了可能.