Silkworms culture as a source of protein for humans in space

This paper focuses on the problem about a configuration with complete nutrition for humans in a Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) applied in the spacebases. The possibility of feeding silkworms to provide edible animal protein with high quality for taikonauts during long-term spaceflights and lunar-based missions was investigated from several aspects, including the nutrition structure of silkworms, feeding method, processing methods, feeding equipment, growing conditions and the influences on the space environmental condition changes caused by the silkworms. The originally inedible silk is also regarded as a protein source. A possible process of edible silk protein was brought forward in this paper. After being processed, the silk can be converted to edible protein for humans. The conclusion provides a promising approach to solving the protein supply problem for the taikonauts living in space during an extended exploration period.     

明治文学作品中日语接尾词"的"的使用考察

日语接尾词＂的＂是在明治初期,日本翻译家们在翻译西方学术著作中的英语形容词-tic时,借用了汉语中的结构助词＂的＂而产生的。为了解接尾词＂的＂在明治初期时口语中的使用状况,拟就明治文学作品中接尾词＂的＂的具体用法做一简略考察。通过对坪内逍遥、二叶亭四迷、森欧外、夏目漱石等作家作品中出现的＂的＂进行调查统计,得出结论,从明治30年代开始,带＂的＂的派生词逐渐具备了现代日语形容动词的词性特征。     

Virtual Reality-based Teleoperation with Robustness Against Modeling Errors

This article investigates virtual reality (VR)-based teleoperation with robustness against modeling errors. VR technology is an effective way to overcome the large time delay during space robot teleoperation. However, it depends highly on the accuracy of model. Model errors between the virtual and real environment exist inevitably. The existing way to deal with the problem is by means of either model matching or robot compliance control. As distinct from the existing methods, this article tries to combine model matching and robot compliance control. On one hand, the status of the virtual robot is corrected by using the position sensor data from robot joints before and during teleoperation, and the pose of the virtually manipulated object is obtained with visual recognition technology. On the other hand, compliance control algorithms of impedance control based on joint torque sensors and hybrid position/force control based on a wrist sensor have been executed in order to eliminate the small sustaining model errors. A VR-based teleoperation system of satellite on-orbit self-serving is built up. In order to verify the proposed method, an experiment deploying the solar panel troubled by malfunction is carried out through teleoperation. It shows that the large model errors are removed with the model matching method and the adopted compliance control is robust against the remaining small model errors.     

2007年上市民航运输企业财务分析

利用2007年财务报告，对中国国际航空公司（简称国航）、中国南方航空集团（简称南航）、中国东方航空集团（简称东航）、海南航空公司（简称海航）、上海航空公司（简称上航）5家A股上市民航运输企业财务状况进行了分析，采用比较分析法、比率分析法对5家企业的财务报表进行分析。结果表明，传统财务报表分析方法是从盈利水平和财务风险的角度进行的，从盈利质量、资产质量和现金流的视角能更全面系统地进行财务报表分析，为相关信息使用者决策提供更科学的依据。表明5家A股上市民航运输企业中，在资产规模、获利能力以及创造现金流方面，国航具有总体相对优势，在净资产率和现金流方面，海航具有相对优势。     

Low light intensity effects on the growth,photosynthetic characteristics,antioxidant capacity,yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at different growth stages in BLSS

Minimizing energy consumption and maximizing crop productivity are major challenges to growing plants in Bioregenerative Life Support System (BLSS) for future long-term space mission. As a primary source of energy, light is one of the most important environmental factors for plant growth. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of low light intensity at different stages on growth, pigment composition, photosynthetic efficiency, biological production and antioxidant defence systems of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars during ontogenesis. Experiments were divided into 3 intensity-controlled stages according to growth period (a total of 65 days): seedling stage (first 20 days), heading and flowering stage (middle 30 days) and grain filling stage (last 15 days). Initial light condition of the control was 420 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ and the light intensity increased with the growth of wheat plants. The light intensities of group I and II at the first stage and the last stage were adjusted to the half level of the control respectively. For group III, the first and the last stage were both adjusted to half level of the control. During the middle 30 days, all treatments were kept the same intensity. The results indicated that low-light treatment at seedling stage, biomass, nutritional contents, components of inedible biomass and healthy index (including peroxidase (POD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content) of wheat plants have no significant difference to the control. Furthermore, unit kilojoule yield of group I reached 0.591 × 10⁻³ g/kJ and induced the highest energy efficiency. However, low-light treatment at grain filling stage affected the final production significantly.     

An IPC-based Prolog design pattern for integrating backward chaining inference into applications or embedded systems

Prolog is one of the most important candidates to build expert systems and AI-related programs and has potential applications in embedded systems. However, Prolog is not suitable to develop many kinds of components, such as data acquisition and task scheduling, which are also crucial. To make the best use of the advantages and bypass the disadvantages, it is attractive to integrate Prolog with programs developed by other languages. In this paper, an IPC-based method is used to integrate backward chaining inference implemented by Prolog into applications or embedded systems. A Prolog design pattern is derived from the method for reuse, whose principle and definition are provided in detail. Additionally, the design pattern is applied to a target system, which is free software, to verify its feasibility. The detailed implementation of the application is given to clarify the design pattern. The design pattern can be further applied to wide range applications and embedded systems and the method described in this paper can also be adopted for other logic programming languages.     

Design and Fabrication of a Bio-inspired Acceleration Sensor Using Liquid Mass Blocks

A linear acceleration sensor,which is inspired by the human balance organ,is designed and prepared. It uses a liquid mass-block and a symmetrical-electrodes metal-core polyvinylidene fluoride fiber(SMPF)as the sensor element. The output signal of the sensor has an exponential relationship with the excitation amplitude of the impacting vibration. It is capable of detecting the amplitude and the correct frequency for sinusoidal excitations using an exponential correlation. The experiments indicate that both the output signal of the sensor and the resonance frequency increase substantially with increasing diameter of the metal core. The first-order resonance frequencies of the sensors with 40,60,and 80 μm diameter metal wires are below 10 Hz,which is near the range of human body motion frequencies.     

Calculation of heat conduction in aerospace plane thermal protection system

In this paper, a technique is proposed for calculating the heat conduction of heatprotection tiles in aerospace planes by using as a base the now-existing algorithms to analyze the composite material characteristics as well as thermoforce analogy. The efficiency of this technique is confirmed by the numerical calculation.     

模糊数学在机械工程材料选择中的应用

介绍了模糊数学中的基本概念、隶属函数及模糊评判的基本理论，并首次提出将模糊数学的理论知识、分析方法与人工智能基本理论相结合，并借助于计算机完成机械工程材料的选择，从而使机械工程材料选择更为科学、更为简单。本文还对此方法进行了实例验证，其效果良好，设计者只需输入工作要求，便可以确定出欲选材料的优先次序。     

基于混飞机队的飞机设计理念

混飞机队是指驾驶舱布局和操纵程序,以及维修航材具有一定通用性的机队,是一种新的飞机设计理念。本文结合航空公司实际运营过程,从机组通用性和维修管理、航材备件及地面特种设备的通用性两个方面,分析了混飞机队的优点,并通过模拟一个小型航空公司的运营规划,说明了混飞机队配置对于提高航空公司运营效益、提高机组资源使用效率的影响。