高精度GPS定位的精密电离层模型

在长距离GPS实时动态定位(RTK)过程中,电离层延迟误差是影响定位精度的主要误差源.目前,由于采用全空间电离层模型精度不够,对长距离RTK定位主要采用双差电离层残差内插方式.本文提出一种新的电离层模型.该模型仅对每个卫星轨迹通过的电离层部分进行建模,可适用于高精度GPS定位.采用香港数据,结果表明,该模型可较好地模拟低纬度电离层变化,并可支持GPS厘米级定位精度.     

制样压应力对显微拉曼光谱法获取碳材料结构参数的影响

为了研究金相制样过程中压应力对获取碳材料拉曼特征参数R的影响,对不同温度处理的碳纤维和树脂碳进行了研究.结果表明,制样过程中的压应力对准确获取碳材料的拉曼特征参数具有一定的影响,尤其是对经过高温处理硬度较小的碳材料的影响更大,造成了碳材料R的增大.建议在制备碳材料的显微拉曼光谱测试试样时采用较小的压应力.     

飞机典型结构细节——紧固孔随机裂纹扩展分析

根据7475T761铝合金犬骨型试样在随机谱载荷作用下的试验结果,采用两种随机裂纹扩展分析的方法,即通用的和解析的分析方法,研究了飞机典型结构细节——紧固孔中疲劳裂纹扩展的概率累积损伤,给出了概率裂纹扩展轨迹、裂纹扩展损伤累积分布及裂纹超出数的概率。试验结果与预测结果的比较表明,两者十分吻合,能满足工程精度的要求,为飞机结构的耐久性和损伤容限评估提供了适用的分析手段。     

变薄拉深的上限法分析

根据上限法原理建立了一种适用于分析变薄拉深的上限模型,包括两个用于优化上限解的独立参数。通过优化计算,变薄拉深力理论值与实验值吻合良好;用该模型研究了变薄拉深系数、凹模半锥角、原始筒形件内外径比、定径带相对长度以及内外摩擦因子等主要工艺参数对变薄拉深力的影响规律。     

人参质量的典型相关识别

本文给出了利用典型相关性分析研究人参所含的化学成分与其疗效关系的方法，计算出人参化学成分药理作用的权重。     

直升机旋翼试验台数据采集系统的改进与设计

本文详细介绍了直升机旋翼试验台数据采集系统的功能，硬件配置以及软件设计方法。     

用纤内Bragg光栅进行动态应变测量的研究

描述了用纤内Bragg光栅进行动态应变测量研究的意义，原理和方法，提出了两种用纤内Bragg光栅动态应变测量时进行Bragg波长偏移量的解调方法；光干涉相位检测Bragg光栅反射波长偏移的解调方法和用DWDM密集波分复用器解调Bragg波长的方法，前者适用于高频宽带动态应变测量，后者适用于有限频率或中等频率响应的动态应变测量。     

Analysis of crack opening stresses for center- and edge-crack tension specimens

Accurate determination of crack opening stress is of central importance to fatigue crack growth analysis and life prediction based on the crack-closure model. This paper studies the crack opening behavior for center- and edge-crack tension specimens. It is found that the crack opening stress is affected by the crack tip element. By taking the crack tip element into account, a modified crack opening stress equation is given for the center-crack tension specimen. Crack surface displace- ment equations for an edge crack in a semi-infinite plate under remote uniform tension and partially distributed pressure are derived by using the weight function method. Based on these displacements, a crack opening stress equation for an edge crack in a semi-infinite plate under uniform tension has been developed. The study shows that the crack opening stress is geometry-dependent, and the weight function method provides an effective and reliable tool to deal with such geometry depen- dence.     

Quantitative Rectangular Notch Detection of Laser-induced Lamb Waves in Aluminium Plates with Wavenumber Analysis

It is difficult to quantitatively detect defects by using the time domain or frequency domain features of Lamb wave signals due to their dispersion and multimodal characteristics.Therefore,it is important to discover an intrinsical parameter of Lamb waves that could be used as a damage sensitive feature.In this paper,quantitative defect detection in aluminium plates is carried out by means of wavenumber analysis approach.The wavenumber of excited Lamb wave mode is a fixed value,given a frequency,a thickness and material properties of the target plate.When Lamb waves propagate to the structural discontinuity,new wavenumber components are created by abrupt wavefield change.The new wavenumber components can be identified in the frequency-wavenumber domain.To estimate spatially dependent wavenumber values,a short-space two-dimensional Fourier transform(FT)method is presented for processing wavefield data of Lamb waves.The results can be used to determine the location,size and depth of rectangular notch.The analysis techniques are demonstrated using simulation examples of an aluminium plate with a rectangular notch.Then,the wavenumber analysis method is applied to simulation data that are obtained through a range of notch depths and widths.The results are analyzed and rules of the technique with regards to estimating notch depth are determined.Based on simulation results,guidelines for using the technique are developed.Finally,experimental wavefield data are obtained in aluminium plates with rectangular notches by a full noncontact transceiving method,i.e.,laser-laser method.Band-pass filtering combined with continuous wavelet transform is used to extract a certain frequency component from the full laser-induced wavefield with wide band.Shortspace two-dimensional FT method is used for further processing full wavefield data at a certain frequency to estimate spatially dependent wavenumber values.The consistency of simulation and experimental results shows the effectiveness of proposed wavenumber method for quantitative rectangular notch detection.