球面激波对平面的马赫反射的简化处理

本文利用Whitham绕射理论,给出了球面激波对平面绕射时马赫杆的近似解,同时求得了马赫反射三波点迹线及壁面超压。另外还导出了新的面积函数表达式。在壁面超压的计算上,这些理论结果与用Whitham方程求得的数值解相符合。     

小球型五孔探针在压气机试验中的应用

气流在叶片机中的实际流动过程极其复杂,必须利用各种测试手段来了解叶片机级间三元流场。本文介绍一种小球型五孔探针测量系统用于压气机级间参数测量的结果。该系统具有一些突出的特点。其一是探针头部尺寸小,对气流的干扰小;其二是数据处理手段先进,探针校准程序及测量结果的处理程序比较成熟。实践证明,其测试结果与常规探针所测得的结果非常接近,重复性较好。由测量结果整理出的压气机性能参数与设计值也比较接近。      

N-S方程有限分析数值研究

 本文将有限分析方法用于曲线座标系上紊流N-S方程的数值计算。分别计算了单列和串列叶栅内部流场,计算中采用了k-ε紊流模型和壁面函数。计算结果与试验结果相比较,吻合程度令人满意。有限分析方法在网格单元上对N-S方程进行线化处理,以解析边界条件作为约束,得出解析解,在解析解基础上构造离散代数方程。有限分析方法的最大特点是可以适应对流速度大小和方向,自动调整格式系数,因而具有数值扩散小和稳定性高等优点。     

准静弹性飞机升力分布及气动导数计算

本文介绍一种准静弹性飞机气动特性的数值计算方法。可以用它来计算亚音速时弹性飞机的升力分布及11个主要的纵向气动导数。 文中附有算例,并对准静弹性飞机动态特性方面的一些问题进行了分析和讨论。 本文所得的导数可直接用于弹性飞机操纵性与稳定性的分析。     

Dynamic tensile behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy at ultra-high strain rates

The samples having {0001} parallel to extruding direction(ED) present a typical true stress–true strain curve with concave-down shape under tension at low strain rate. Ultra-rapid tensile tests were conducted at room temperature on a textured AZ31 B magnesium alloy. The dynamic tensile behavior was investigated. The results show that at ultra-high strain rates of 1.93 · 102 s 1and 1.70 · 103 s 1, the alloy behaves with a linear stress–strain response in most strain range and exhibits a brittle fracture. In this case, {10-12} 10-11 extension twinning is basic deformation mode. The brittleness is due to the macroscopic viscosity at ultra-high strain rate, for which the external critical shear stress rapidly gets high to result in a cleavage fracture before large amounts of dislocations are activated. Because {10-12} tension twinning, {10-11} compressive twinning,basal a slip, prismatic a slip and pyramidal c + a slip have different critical shear stresses(CRSS), their contributions to the degree of deformation are very differential. In addition,Schmid factor plays an important role in the activity of various deformation modes and it is the key factor for the samples with different strain rates exhibit various mechanical behavior under dynamic tensile loading.     

基于响应面法的带喷流激波针参数优化研究

对基于响应面法的带喷流激波针参数优化方法进行了研究,优化目标是最佳减阻效果和最小喷流流量,优化参数是激波针长度、喷流出口总压和喷流出口直径,利用响应面模型对设计参数与响应目标的关系进行建模,样本点设计采用了Ⅳ-最优方法,样本点的气动响应通过数值计算得到,最后用期望函数法进行多目标寻优。研究表明:激波针长度、喷流总压和喷流出口直径与阻力呈现2阶或3阶非线性关系,且激波针长度和喷流出口直径耦合效应较强;响应面模型给出了阻力与各设计参数关系的数学表达式,仅用较少的样本点就获得了设计空间内任意参数组合的阻力预测值和置信区间,效率较高;通过响应面法获得了最优参数组合,其阻力预测值与校验结果相比精度较高;响应面法应用于带喷流激波针这类多参数、多目标优化设计问题中,有计算量小、结果可信、实用性强的特点。     

一种稀薄两相流动的数值模拟方法

从描述粒子运动的微观层次出发,采用双向耦合技术,建立了一种适用于稀薄条件下两相流动的DSMC数值模拟方法。对相间相互作用进行解耦处理,实现了气固两相间动量和能量相互作用的模拟。相关算例验证了方法的可靠性。结果表明:在大样本统计平均条件下,该模拟方法能够保证相间动量和能量交换时守恒,固体颗粒尺寸、气体稀薄程度等条件对相间的相互作用有很大的影响。     

Radical recombination in a hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet nozzle

To reveal the radical recombination process in the scramjet nozzle flow and study the effects of various factors of the recombination, weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)schemes are applied to solve the decoupled two-dimensional Euler equations with chemical reactions to simulate the hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet nozzle flow. The accuracy of the numerical method is verified with the measurements obtained by a shock tunnel experiment. The overall model length is nearly 0.5 m, with inlet static temperatures ranging from 2000 K to 3000 K, inlet static pressures ranging from 75 k Pa to 175 k Pa, and inlet Mach numbers of 2.0 ± 0.4 are involved.The fraction Damkohler number is defined as functions of static temperature and pressure to analyze the radical recombination progresses. Preliminary results indicate that the energy releasing process depends on different chemical reaction processes and species group contributions. In hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet nozzle flow, reactions with H have the greatest contribution during the chemical equilibrium shift. The contrast and analysis of the simulation results show that the radical recombination processes influenced by inflow conditions and nozzle scales are consistent with Damkohler numbers and potential dissociation energy release. The increase of inlet static temperature improves both of them, thus making the chemical non-equilibrium effects on the nozzle performance more significant. While the increase of inlet static pressure improves the former one and reduces the latter, it exerts little influence on the chemical non-equilibrium effects.     

Fuzzy adaptive robust control for space robot considering the effect of the gravity

Space robot is assembled and tested in gravity environment, and completes on-orbit service（OOS） in microgravity environment. The kinematic and dynamic characteristic of the robot will change with the variations of gravity in different working condition. Fully considering the change of kinematic and dynamic models caused by the change of gravity environment, a fuzzy adaptive robust control（FARC） strategy which is adaptive to these model variations is put forward for trajectory tracking control of space robot. A fuzzy algorithm is employed to approximate the nonlinear uncertainties in the model, adaptive laws of the parameters are constructed, and the approximation error is compensated by using a robust control algorithm. The stability of the control system is guaranteed based on the Lyapunov theory and the trajectory tracking control simulation is performed. The simulation results are compared with the proportional plus derivative（PD） controller, and the effectiveness to achieve better trajectory tracking performance under different gravity environment without changing the control parameters and the advantage of the proposed controller are verified.     

致密发散孔冷却环形折流甩油盘燃烧室设计研究

为了研究致密发散小孔冷却环形折流燃烧室的设计方法,根据火焰筒头部无冷却时的流场形态及期望引导的流场形态,对头部壁面发散小孔进行了两种对比性设计。为对比两种方案的优劣,对设计后的燃烧室进行了数值模拟。结果表明通过增加发散小孔,调节内外环射流孔的气量分配,可成功诱导出期望的多涡流场,且方案2的发散小孔冷却效果更佳。证明通过调整内外环发散小孔开孔数量来调节射流孔的射流穿透深度,并结合甩油盘油雾诱导理想的主燃区流场形成是可行的;采用孔倾角为钝角的发散小孔可更好地保护热负荷压力大的前几排火焰筒壁面;通过在高温区增大孔阵疏密度,把高温区处的发散小孔孔径由原先的0.68mm减小至0.3~0.55mm,可实现在不改变冷气流量的前提下,增强换热,降低壁面温度。