PTFE/30CrMnSiNi2A 的重载摩擦性能

采用PTFE与30CrMnSiNi2A钢制成自润滑轴承,在重载工况下进行了数值模拟及试验分析,研究了自润滑轴承的主要失效形式、摩擦面状态及性能对摩擦性能的影响,并分析了轴承的磨损机理.结果表明:该轴承在重载下以润滑层失效为主要破坏形式,改善摩擦面能够有效提高轴承的摩擦性能;在摩擦过程中PTFE不断被挤出,形成转移润滑膜,起到了减小摩擦因数的作用.     

电缆密封结构的有限元分析

针对新型电缆密封结构的密封挡板、密封结构板、橡胶密封板及其连接螺栓建立了有限元模型,考虑了几何、边界及材料非线性因素,计算了模型在螺栓预紧力和气压作用下电缆密封结构的应力和变形,校核该结构的强度是否满足设计要求。结果表明,密封结构的局部出现屈服,需更换更高强度的材料;密封结构密封性能良好,密封性能试验验证了计算结果的合理性。     

Novel approach of crater detection by crater candidate region selection and matrix-pattern-oriented least squares support vector machine

Impacted craters are commonly found on the surface of planets, satellites, asteroids and other solar system bodies. In order to speed up the rate of constructing the database of craters, it is important to develop crater detection algorithms. This paper presents a novel approach to automatically detect craters on planetary surfaces. The approach contains two parts: crater candidate region selection and crater detection. In the first part, crater candidate region selection is achieved by Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) detector. Matrix-pattern-oriented least squares support vector machine (MatLSSVM), as the matrixization version of least square support vector machine (SVM), inherits the advantages of least squares support vector machine (LSSVM), reduces storage space greatly and reserves spatial redundancies within each image matrix compared with general LSSVM. The second part of the approach employs MatLSSVM to design classifier for crater detection. Experimental results on the dataset which comprises 160 preprocessed image patches from Google Mars demonstrate that the accuracy rate of crater detection can be up to 88%. In addition, the outstanding feature of the approach introduced in this paper is that it takes resized crater candidate region as input pattern directly to finish crater detection. The results of the last experiment demonstrate that MatLSSVM-based classifier can detect crater regions effectively on the basis of KLT-based crater candidate region selection.     

Cutting force prediction for circular end milling process

A deduced cutting force prediction model for circular end milling process is presented in this paper. Traditional researches on cutting force model usually focus on linear milling process which does not meet other cutting conditions, especially for circular milling process. This paper presents an improved cutting force model for circular end milling process based on the typical linear milling force model. The curvature effects of tool path on chip thickness as well as entry and exit angles are analyzed, and the cutting force model of linear milling process is then corrected to fit circular end milling processes. Instantaneous cutting forces during circular end milling process are predicted according to the proposed model. The deduced cutting force model can be used for both linear and circular end milling processes. Finally, circular end milling experiments with constant and variable radial depth were carried out to verify the availability of the proposed method. Experiment results show that measured results and simulated results corresponds well with each other.     

导轨移动式冗余度操作臂的运动学分析

简介了导轨移动式冗余度操作臂系统的设计与实现.利用指数积(POE)方法进行了系统建模,对该操作臂系统进行正、逆运动学分析,同时对系统避奇异的理论方法进行研究,给出了方法的计算机仿真结果.在系统运动学分析中,充分利用了系统结构的几何特点,体现了系统简化分析和实际性能优化并重的思路.该运动学的分析方法具有一定的普遍性,对其它机器人系统的分析有一定的借鉴意义.      

空间预警系统的视线测量误差特性研究

在空间预警系统中 ,深入分析和研究视线测量误差的特性很重要。根据已建立的红外凝视相机误差模型 ,对视线测量误差的点分布、误差传播矩阵和误差空间图进行了研究 ,得到了一些很好的结论。此外在不考虑卫星观测平台误差的情况下 ,还设计了直接产生随机测角误差的算法。     

弹射座椅与飞行员系统重心测量技术

为解决火箭弹射座椅人椅系统在弹射出舱后的稳定调节问题,设计研制了新型电子人椅系统组合重心测量设备,建立了组合重心的俯仰累加测量与推导计算方法,并对294名飞行员的人椅系统组合重心数据进行了测量和计算.结果表明,研制的测量设备精确可靠,建立的方法便捷有效,并具有通用性.研究结果已应用于弹射座椅的设计研制中,精度提高了10倍,效率提高了3倍.     

应用免疫遗传算法优化设计层合板铺层顺序

应用遗传算法对复合材料层合板的铺层顺序进行优化设计,并通过免疫机理解决基本遗传算法中存在的收敛效率低、"早熟"等问题.以层合板的面内几何因子和弯曲因子为优化对象,建立遗传算法的优化模型.通过交叉、变异等遗传操作,搜索问题的最优解.借助免疫系统对抗体的促进和抑制机制,调节种群中个体的多样性.数值算例中给定了层合板的面内几何因子和弯曲因子,应用免疫遗传算法求解层合板的最佳铺层顺序.并将应用免疫遗传算法与标准遗传算法得到的优化结果进行了比较,证明了免疫遗传算法的优越性和实用性.     

基于感应同步器的高速高精度位置测量技术

现有的基于感应同步器的鉴幅、鉴相位置测量法,由于其原理缺陷,不适合高速高精度的测量场合.为解决高速高精度位置测量问题,给出一种新型的基于感应同步器的位置测量方法--幅度细分法.感应同步器输出的感应信号是调幅信号且幅度很低,为采用幅度细分技术,需对其输出的感应信号无失真的放大.在阐述系统工作原理的基础上,给出了系统的结构,并对关键功能电路进行了实验及仿真研究.结果表明,此法从原理上克服了感应信号中动态分量对测量结果的影响,克服了现有测量法不适合高速高精度测量的缺点,具有测量精度高、时间间隔固定、适合高速度运动场合下的位置测量等优点.     

利用动态时间槽分配的多目标防冲突射频识别

对于总数未知的多目标射频识别问题,提出了基于智能标签的具有防冲突功能的多目标射频识别技术方案及其系统框架;改进了ISO/IEC15693标准中的冲突解决方案,采用地址访问策略的自匹配模式,动态调整时间槽的分配,以解决通讯冲突并逼近目标数目;分析了系统实现的软硬件参数的优化选择方法,给出了多目标防冲突识别的实现过程,并将其应用于某图书馆智能管理系统.实验结果表明该技术可以提高智能标签防冲突识别的效率和准确性,能够满足该领域实际需求,具有良好的实用推广价值.