水晶釜多点电脑控温系统

为了提高水晶生长的质量，我们研制了一种为水晶生长专用的电脑控温系统，该系统可同时测控三台水晶釜的温度，在一定的周期内，依次循环显示各釜上、下点的温度，并作出相应的输出调节。输入输出采用了新颖的“飞容”隔离电路、ＰＩＤ调节使比例乘法器高精度分配过零冲电路、光耦隔离输出可控硅触发电路，消除了传统的调相控制造成的电网污染，提高了系统的抗干扰能力和可靠性。     

Heat transfer of thermocapillary convection in a two-layered fluid system under the influence of magnetic field

Heat transfer of a two-layer fluid system has been of great importance in a variety of industrial applications. For example, the phenomena of immiscible fluids can be found in materials processing and heat exchangers. Typically in solidification from a melt, the convective motion is the dominant factor that affects the uniformity of material properties. In the layered flow, thermocapillary forces can come into an important play, which was first emphasized by a previous investigator in 1958. Under extraterrestrial environments without gravity, thermocapillary effects can be a more dominant factor, which alters material properties in processing. Control and optimization of heat transfer in an immiscible fluid system need complete understanding of the flow phenomena that can be induced by surface tension at a fluid interface. The present work is focused on understanding of the magnetic field effects on thermocapillary convection, in order to optimize material processing. That is, it involves the study of the complicated phenomena to alter the flow motion in crystal growth. In this effort, the Marangoni convection in a cavity with differentially heated sidewalls is investigated with and without the influence of a magnetic field. As a first step, numerical analyzes are performed, by thoroughly investigating influences of all pertinent physical parameters. Experiments are then conducted, with preliminary results, for comparison with the numerical analyzes.     

The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) on the New Horizons Mission

The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) comprises the hardware and accompanying science investigation on the New Horizons spacecraft to measure pick-up ions from Pluto’s outgassing atmosphere. To the extent that Pluto retains its characteristics similar to those of a “heavy comet” as detected in stellar occultations since the early 1980s, these measurements will characterize the neutral atmosphere of Pluto while providing a consistency check on the atmospheric escape rate at the encounter epoch with that deduced from the atmospheric structure at lower altitudes by the ALICE, REX, and SWAP experiments on New Horizons. In addition, PEPSSI will characterize any extended ionosphere and solar wind interaction while also characterizing the energetic particle environment of Pluto, Charon, and their associated system. First proposed for development for the Pluto Express mission in September 1993, what became the PEPSSI instrument went through a number of development stages to meet the requirements of such an instrument for a mission to Pluto while minimizing the required spacecraft resources. The PEPSSI instrument provides for measurements of ions (with compositional information) and electrons from 10 s of keV to ～1 MeV in a 160°×12° fan-shaped beam in six sectors for 1.5 kg and ～2.5 W.     

Viscoelastic characterization of polymers for deployable composite booms

Deployable space structures are being built from thin-walled fiber-reinforced polymer composite materials due to their high specific strength, high specific stiffness, and designed bistability. However, the inherent viscoelastic behavior of the resin matrix can cause dimensional instability when the composite is stored under strain. The extended time of stowage between assembly and deployment in space can result in performance degradation and in the worst case, mission failure. In this study, the viscoelastic properties of candidate commercial polymers consisting of difunctional and tetrafunctional epoxies and thermoplastic and thermosetting polyimides were evaluated for deployable boom structures of solar sails. Stress relaxation master curves of the candidate polymers were used to predict the relaxation that would occur in 1 year at room temperature under relatively low strains of about 0.1%. A bismaleimide (BMI) showed less stress relaxation (about 20%) than the baseline novolac epoxy (about 50%). Carbon fiber composites fabricated with the BMI resin showed a 44% improvement in resistance to relaxation compared to the baseline epoxy composite.     

基于四发射天线的全分集全码率空频编码方法

提出了一种结合频率切换分集(Frequency-Switched Transmit Diversity,FSTD)技术的空频编码方法.该方法通过将4个发射符号扩展为2组Alamouti编码以及采取星座图旋转的处理方式,获得了全分集全码率增益.仿真结果表明,所提方法的性能优于基于相移分集(Phase shift dive...     

U型方管中爆燃向爆震转变特性实验研究

以脉冲爆震发动机(PDE)用曲管爆震燃烧室为应用背景,对气相(乙烯/空气)燃烧波在U型方管实验器中的传播过程进行了实验研究。通过改变实验器中弯曲段进口气流入射激波强度,基于弯曲段内压力、波速的测量及高速摄影实验得到了U型方管实验器中半圆型弯段内的爆燃向爆震转变(DDT)特性。结果表明,弯曲段中DDT特性受到入射激波速度的影响:当入射激波速度小于794m/s(43.6%VCJ,VCJ为理论Chapman-Jouguet爆震波速),在弯曲段内不能形成爆震;当入射激波速度介于870~908m/s(47.8%VCJ~50.0%VCJ)之间,弯曲段内首先会产生局部爆炸,并最终形成爆震;当入射激波速度大于934m/s(51.3%VCJ),爆燃波可以直接在弯曲段入口转化为爆震波。     

Detection of Changes in the Characteristics of a Gauss-Markov Process

By an extension to the theory of sequential detection with dependent measurements, it is possible to develop a sequential probability ratio test (SPRT) to detect changes in regime in a Gauss-Markov process rather than detecting which of the two regimes exists. It is shown how a posterior form of this extended SPRT may be simplified to reduce computational complexity. The simplified SPRT's are in fact modifications of the original SPRT detecting the regime and not the change. The tests are applied to the problem of fault detection in a gyro navigational system; the results of a detailed computer simulation are given.     

A multi-wavelength study of the merger candidate Abell S0721 and the activities of its member galaxies

We present a multi-wavelength study of the merging history and its influence on galaxy activities of a newly detected merger candidate – Abell S0721. This cluster was only known as a poor cluster in the Shapley Supercluster, but when several survey data of different wavelengths are combined, evidence of strong merging is revealed. We have analyzed the optical and X-ray structures of the cluster, as well as galaxy dynamics and properties of the radio galaxies in the cluster. The dynamics analysis shows the velocity distribution of this system is significantly deviated from a 1-Gaussian model, indicating the existence of 2–3 dynamically different sub-systems; in addition, both optical and X-ray structures of the cluster show an elongated and multi-clump structure, two X-ray clumps imaged by ROSAT All Sky Survey are well correlated with two galaxy density peaks. This cluster is possibly a merger of several groups; our analysis shows that the projection angle for two clumps in the main structure is possibly near the projection plane, and the substructure is seen at ∼30–75° from the projection plane. The merging process could also be the origin to boost the activities of its member galaxies. Finally, as compared with other merger candidates in the Shapley Supercluster, the radio galaxies identified in Abell S0721 are all optically luminous, and the fraction of luminous radio galaxies is only lower than one merger candidate (which is proposed to be at the very beginning of a merger event), this suggests Abell S0721 is also at the beginning of a merger event.     

Comparative study of the dust emission of 19P/Borrelly (Deep space 1) and 1P/Halley

Images obtained by the Miniature Integrated Camera and Imaging Spectrometer (MICAS) experiment onboard the Deep Space 1 spacecraft which encountered comet 19P/Borrelly on September 22nd 2001 show a dust coma dominated by jets. In particular a major collimated dust jet on the sunward side of the nucleus was observed. Our approach to analyse these features is to integrate the observed intensity in concentric envelopes around the nucleus. The same procedures has been used on the Halley Multicolour Camera images of comet 1P/Halley acquired on March 14th 1986. We are able to show that at Borrelly the dust brightness dependence as a function of radial distance is different to that of Halley. At large distances both comets show constant values as the size of the concentric envelopes increases (as one would expect for force free radial outflow). For Halley the integral decreases as one gets closer to the nucleus. Borrelly shows opposite behaviour. The main cause for Halley's intensity distribution is either high optical thickness or particle fragmentation. For Borrelly, we have constructed a simple model of the brightness distribution near the nucleus. This indicates that the influence of deviations from point source geometry is insufficient to explain the observed steepening of the intensity profile close to the nucleus. Dust acceleration or fragmentation into submicron particles appear to be required. We also estimate the dust production rate of Borrelly with respect to Halley and compare their dust to gas ratios.