Ionospheric F2-Layer critical frequency retrieved from COSMIC radio occultation: A statistical comparison with measurements from a meridional ionosonde chain over Southeast Asia

In this paper, we compared the F2-Layer critical frequency (foF2) derived from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation (RO) and ionosondes at Chiang Mai, Chumphon and Kototabang during the years 2008–2015 to evaluate the performance of COSMIC RO over Southeast Asia region. The results show that the time development of foF2 values derived from COSMIC RO generally agrees well with those from ionosonde measurements. However, the differences between the foF2 derived from COSMIC RO and that derived from ionosonde observations display latitudinal dependence. COSMIC RO tends to underestimate foF2 at Chiang Mai and Kototabang, which is near to the north EIA crest and the south one, respectively, while a little overestimate foF2 at Chumphon, which is close to the geomagnetic equator. COSMIC RO agrees best with ionosonde at Chumphon and worst at Chiang Mai. At each ionosonde station, the quality of COSMIC RO data degrades with the increase of solar activity. In addition, at the station Chiang Mai and Kototabang, COSMIC RO performs better in summer than in equinox and winter. Furthermore, the differences in foF2 derived from COSMIC RO and that from ionosonde measurements vary with local time, i.e., the differences in foF2 are generally smaller at night and larger in noontime when equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) is well developed.     

Alfvén gravity waves in viscous solar plasma: Effect of the background flow

We study the Propagation and damping properties of Alfvén gravity waves in the presence of the vertical magnetic field in the viscous solar plasma under influence of the background flow by deriving a fourth order dispersion relation in terms of the Doppler shifted frequency. We derive the dispersion relation under WKB and Boussinesq approximation. We study the damping of Alfvén gravity waves for the wave frequencies less than and greater than the Brunt-Väisälä frequency. We find that the Brunt-Väisälä frequency divides the frequency ranges where the weakly or strongly damped oscillations occur. The background flow exhibits a strong effect on weakly damped oscillations and a weak effect on the strongly damped oscillations. We also notice that the damping of both the strong and weakly damped oscillations depend on the Brunt-Väisälä frequency and wave number. The effect of the background flow is also being governed by the Brunt-Väisälä frequency and wave number. We also study the properties of gravity wave mode after filtering the Alfvén wave mode by minimizing the magnetic field and noticed that the background flow shows a very strong effect on the gravity wave mode.     

Early analysis of precise orbit and clock offset determination for the satellites of the global BeiDou-3 system

Eight new-generation BeiDou satellites (BeiDou-3) have been launched into Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), allowing for global coverage since March 2018, and they are equipped with new hydrogen atomic clocks and updated rubidium clocks. Firstly, we analyzed the signals for the carrier-to-noise-density ratio (C/N0) and pseudorange multipath (MP) by using international GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Monitoring and Assessment System (iGMAS) station data, and found that B1C has a lower C/N0, and B2a has the same level of C/N0 as the B1I and B3I signals. For pseudorange multipath, compared with the BeiDou-2 satellites, the obvious systematic variation of MP scatters related to the elevation angle is greatly improved for the BeiDou-3 and BeiDou-3e satellites signals. For the signals of the BeiDou-3 satellites, the order of the Root Mean Square (RMS) values of multipath and noise is B3I?<?B1I?<?B2a?<?B1C. Then, the comparison of the precise orbit determination and clock offset determination for the BeiDou-2, BeiDou-3, and BeiDou-3 experimental (BeiDou-3e) satellites was done by using 10 stations from iGMAS. The 3D precision of the 24?h orbit overlap is 24.55, 25.61, and 23.35?cm for the BeiDou-3, BeiDou-3e, and BeiDou-2 satellites, respectively. BeiDou-3 satellite has a comparable precision to that of the BeiDou-2 satellite. For the precision of clock offset estimation, the Standard Deviation (STD) of the BeiDou-3 MEO satellite is 0.350?ns, which is an improvement of 0.042?ns over that of the BeiDou-2 MEO satellite. The stabilities of the BeiDou-3 and BeiDou-3e onboard clocks are better than those of BeiDou-2 by factors of 2.84 and 1.61 at an averaging time of 1000 and 10,000?s, respectively.     

冕洞网络的大气模型

本文采用非径向磁流管位形的假设,计算了太阳冕洞网络部分的色球-日冕过渡区的能量平衡模型。所考虑的能量流包括辐射、传导、对流和机械波加热（如阿尔芬波）,计算结果表明在冕洞网络部分的过渡区中,电子温度T和密度N分别比宁静太阳中的值低60%和2倍,而其过渡区的厚度比宁静太阳中的大4倍。这种大气模型可满意地解释T≥10⁵K范围的远紫外观测发射量度的分布。另外我们也发现在冕洞大气的过渡区中,阿尔芬波加热似乎不能忽略,尤其是在冕洞的过渡区底部,它的加热作用可能会超过热传导。在冕洞大气中,由于波动量的淀积而产生的对流能损耗也是重要的,在过渡区底部650km以上,对流能损耗逐渐超过辐射损耗。     

国外气象卫星发展及其趋势

综观27年气象卫星发展历程,展望未来13年前景,气象卫星的发展具有三多(多波段、多层次、多国别),三性(综合性、国际性、规范性)的特点,以保证所得资料具有连续性、可靠性和通用性。     

空间微重力资源

本文简要地阐述了空间微重力资源对人类的深远影响;介绍了该领域的发展进程和研究方向;指出了我国在微重力工作方面的成绩和前景。     

基于伪寿命的加速退化机理一致性边界检验

根据寿命型随机变量的加速机理一致性条件,提出一种基于伪寿命的加速退化机理一致性边界检验方法,通过由低到高逐一对各个加速应力水平下的退化机理一致性进行检验,来确定加速退化机理一致性的边界应力水平.针对工程常用的两类寿命型分布——对数正态分布和Weibull分布,分别以对数标准差和形状参数为退化机理表征量,在产品伪寿命估计的基础上建立了退化机理表征量齐性检验的F统计量,导出了退化机理一致性检验拒绝域的解析式,给出了退化机理一致性边界检验的具体步骤.该方法能够充分利用多个应力水平下表征产品退化机理一致的横向信息,有效提高了检验的精度.以某镀膜平板玻璃热退化机理一致性边界温度的确定为例,分析说明了该方法的合理性与有效性.     

粘弹性材料非局域声阻抗模型及参数优化

针对敷设粘弹性材料的刚体声散射问题提出了一种利用等效非局域阻抗基本代数模型计算表面声阻抗矩阵的方法.并以敷设粘弹性材料的球体为例,采用全局收敛移动近似算法(GCMMA, Globally Convergent Method of Moving Asymptotes)对非局域声阻抗代数模型的参数进行了优化,使其声散射计算结果与使用有限元得到的结果一致.研究表明:等效非局域阻抗基本代数模型可以应用于表面敷设粘弹性材料球体声散射的数值计算,为研究潜艇等复杂水下目标的声散射提供了有效的途径.     

旋转激光陀螺惯导系统误差传播特性分析

设计旋转式惯导系统(INS, Inertial Navigation System)最重要的工作是理清旋转调制误差自动补偿机理、掌握补偿前后误差的传播特性,在此基础上设计合理的转位方案,并对其进行仿真和试验验证.结合单轴旋转式惯导系统工作原理和误差传播方程,解释了旋转调制误差自动补偿的机理,利用理论和仿真两种手段分析了单轴旋转惯导系统中惯性元件常值误差、随机误差、标度因数误差和安装误差的传播特性,得到了旋转调制对惯性器件误差的调制效果,验证了单轴正反转停方案的有效性和应用的合理性.研究结果为旋转式激光陀螺(LG, Laser Gyroscope)惯导系统的设计提供了理论参考和设计依据.     

聚酰亚胺/无机氧化物复合薄膜的制备与耐原子氧性能

分别以锆酸四丁酯、钛酸四丁酯和正硅酸乙酯为氧化物前驱体,利用溶胶凝胶法制备了一系列聚酰亚胺/无机氧化物复合薄膜,在原子氧地面模拟设备中进行了原子氧暴露实验,原子氧累计通量约为3.1×10²⁰ atom/cm².分别考察了无机氧化物种类和含量对复合薄膜力学性能和耐原子氧性能的影响.结果表明,无机氧化物在聚酰亚胺基体中的分散形态对其力学性能影响很大;原子氧暴露后,聚酰亚胺薄膜表面分别形成了富锆、富钛和富硅的保护层,质量损失率减小,耐原子氧性能明显提高.