涡轮叶栅前缘气膜冷却数值模拟

采用具有三阶精度TVD性质的有限差分格式及多区网格技术,对某型前缘带有两排冷气孔的涡轮叶栅的气膜冷却流场进行了全三维N-S方程数值求解,分析了在前缘滞止区域附近两排孔的冷气射流各自的运动规律、温度分布以及不同吹风比情况下前缘区域气膜冷却绝热效率的分布特点。结果表明,冷气孔的位置、排列方式以及冷气喷射率的变化对叶片前缘区域的绝热效率分布的影响是非常明显的。      

双柔性机械手搬运刚性物体的协调控制研究

采用负载分配方法,将双柔性机械手协调搬运物体的控制分解为两个等效柔性机械手的运动与力混合控制的问题,同时表明当负载分配系数为常数时等效柔性机械手具有柔性机械手相同的动力学特性。然后通过等效刚性机械手的逆运动学求解出两等效柔性机械手的期望运动轨迹,并且采用输出重定义设计出两等效机械手的运动近似跟踪控制和力控制算法;最后,通过双柔性平面机械手协调搬运物体的仿真实例,说明了所提出的控制方案在柔性机械手协调控制中的有效性。     

纳米粒子对星用胶粘剂空间环境性能影响的试验研究

对中国卫星上大量应用的几种胶粘剂进行了地球同步轨道环境模拟试验,同时试验了添加纳米SiO2粉体后的影响。研究表明,纳米材料的加入对胶粘剂空间排气性降低、抑制电子辐照、冷热交变循环损伤等有明显作用。研究结果为中国长寿命卫星胶接结构、材料的寿命可靠性提供了相关依据,展现了纳米材料空间应用的前景。     

称重法低温介质流量校验系统方案研究

液体火箭发动机试验中，流量测量的准确度至关重要。不同于常温流量测量，低温推进剂的流量测量有其特殊性。介绍了称重法低温介质流量校验原理、方法及方案，对流入法排出气体及流出法增压气体流量简略计算公式进行了推导；针对低温容器气枕换热传质特点，对气枕平均温度的一致性进行了讨论。得出了流入法排出气体流量一致性较好、采用流入法可以使低温流量计检定准确度更高的结论。     

高可扩展格子Boltzmann方法

格子Boltzmann方法(Lattice Boltzmann Method,LBM)是计算流体力学中的一种常用方法.由于LBM中的格点仅与相邻的格点间存在数据传递,因此具有良好的并行性.LBM并行算法中的数值通信部分通常采用的是格点上的微观量——分布函数.每次传递的分布函数具有多个不同的速度方向,为了进一步减少LBM并行算法的通信开销,从格子 Boltzmann方法的物理特性以及相应的串行程序为切入点,深层次地挖掘可并行的因子,设计了专门用于通信面的类,使用数量较少的宏观量进行通信,降低了通信所占的比重,缩短了通信时间,提高了加速比和效率.实验表明,在4 096个计算核上依然有良好的加速比和效率.     

Performance analysis of variable speed tail rotors with Gurney flaps

Gurney Flaps (GFs) are used for improving the performance of variable speed tail rotors. A validated analytical helicopter model able to predict the main and tail rotor power is utilized. The fixed height GF has substantially small influence on the tail rotor power in hover and low to medium speed forward flight, and can obtain significant power reduction in high speed flight. This ability can be enhanced by decreasing the tail rotor speed. With the deployment of GF, the collective pitch of the tail rotor decreases, and the maximum tail rotor thrust increases. The GF can compensate the reduction of the maximum thrust by the decrease in the tail rotor speed. The GF with a height of 5% of the chord length can almost remedy 50% of the thrust reduction introduced by decreasing 10% of the tail rotor speed. With the increase of GF height, the maximum thrust generated by the tail rotor increases. The GF with larger height can cause the increase in the tail rotor power in hover and low to medium speed flight. The retractable GF can obtain more power savings than the fixed height GF. However, the benefit is substantially small even in high speed flight. Considering the side effects introduced by the active GF, the fixed height GF may be more preferable. The mechanism for the retractable GF to generate more tail rotor thrust is to increase the lift in advancing side due to the higher dynamic pressure.     

基于改进的股票三因子定价模型实证研究

股票的市场溢价一直是金融界学者关注的很有意义的课题。文章将股票价格的跳跃性纳入考虑的范围中,在已知的三因子模型基础上加入价格跳跃性因子(RJV),利用这一改进的三因子定价模型来研究和预测投资组合的股票溢价。文章通过使用汽车和交通运输行业的十五只股票数据建立模型实证研究,由回归分析的显著性结果可知,股票价格的跳跃性与股票溢价之间确实存在一定程度的正相关,改进的股票三因子定价模型具有合理性。但由于不同企业不同行业所受股价跳跃的影响存在差异,因此模型有待改进和完善。     

Analysis of precipitable water vapour characteristics from GNSS measurements during the snow season in Liaoning Province,China

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) remote sensing precipitable water vapour (PWV) data from November 2015 to March 2019 were combined with snowfall observation data and used to analyse PWV characteristics in Liaoning Province during the snow season (from November to March the following year) and their relationship with snowfall. The potential of using GNSS for PWV measurements was demonstrated using sounding data with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9 and a mean bias error lower than 0.5 mm. According to the GNSS PWV data gathered at 30-min intervals from 68 GNSS stations in Liaoning during the snow season, the monthly PWV average was highest in November and lowest in January. Negative correlations were found between PWV and altitude. Most of the water vapour was concentrated in the low layer of the atmosphere, and the contribution of this vapour to the PWV was higher during the snow season than in summer. A total of 43 snow cases were identified using the snowfall records from 53 GNSS stations, and the characteristics of PWV during these snowfalls were analysed. An increase in PWV was observed before snowfall events. Moreover, the influence of synoptic systems and air mass origins on PWV was analysed based on National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results show that the water vapour condition was better when the synoptic systems or air masses came from areas south of Liaoning.