高温合金涡轮转子叶片裂纹形成机理

高温合金涡轮转子在经历过多次发动机试车后荧光检查发现叶片根部存在裂纹,对涡轮转子叶片裂纹进行分析。结果表明,涡轮转子叶片裂纹位于叶片根部进出口薄壁区,裂纹的开裂模式为高温疲劳开裂,属于低周疲劳,为寿命型失效。试车过程中转子叶片根部应力集中部位在高温及交变应力的交互作用下,叶尖根部应力集中区域发生蠕变和晶界择优氧化,高温蠕变和沿晶氧化相互促进,导致叶片根部的晶界弱化开裂,形成了疲劳源区,进而在后续工作过程中发生高温疲劳扩展。     

稀土镁合金铸件表面微观缺陷形成机理及修复技术

VW63Z稀土镁合金铸件表面微观缺陷经过荧光检测的结果表现为"条状荧光"现象,当该缺陷出现在铸件非加工面时,由于无法经过机械加工去除将直接导致铸件报废.本文探究了铸件表面缺陷的微观组织及其形成机理,结果表明微观缺陷主要成分为稀土氧化物的双层氧化膜,其中部分存在夹杂物;金属液汇流导致表面微观缺陷更易形成.应用激光熔凝技术...     

宇航电绝缘材料深空环境适应性研究

宇航电绝缘材料是深空探测器电信号传递和作用的界限,评估宇航电绝缘材料的环境适应性是材料选择,绝缘设计及工艺处理过程中需要考虑和优化的项目。本文从材料电绝缘性能关联的环境因素入手,介绍了深空辐射环境、热环境、气体环境及颗粒物环境及其效应,给出了深空环境适应性评估流程及验证项目及方法,为宇航电绝缘材料的选用和评估提供参考。     

基于合成卷积层网络结构的焊缝X射线图片缺陷筛选技术

焊接技术应用于多个领域,近些年焊缝缺陷自动检测技术成为了重要的研究方向。本文基于VGG-16卷积神经网络的良好分类性能,提出一种SC-VGG网络结构,利用合成卷积层替换了单个卷积层,同时改进了训练过程中的损失函数,使网络结构更为关注焊缝缺陷类型预测的结果。经过实验测试,SC-VGG网络结构在训练过程中损失函数曲线可以很好的收敛,与其他网络结构相比对焊缝缺陷特征的提取性能更好,平均准确率和召回率达到了95.86%和98.33%,为焊缝缺陷自动化识别提供了算法支撑。     

大面积覆铜多层印制板通孔焊接温度场仿真

为了提高型号产品中连接大面积覆铜的通孔元器件焊点的过锡率,进而提高焊点的可靠性,本文建立了四层大面积覆铜通孔焊焊接三维模型,研究添加温度补偿后的四层覆铜的印制板通孔焊接过程中的温度场分布,得出焊接温度对过锡率的影响规律。发现焊接温度350 ℃时通孔过锡量达到100%,这与实际焊接所有焊点过锡量均达到100%的结果一致。有限元温度仿真结果与热电偶测温结果吻合较好,表明该模型可以准确地模拟焊接过程中温度演化,可为大面积覆铜通孔焊点的手工焊接过程和焊接参数优化提供理论指导。     

增材制造技术在液体火箭发动机领域的最新进展及产业化推进

介绍了航天领域液体火箭发动机的工作环境与制造特点,分析增材制造技术原理与在其制造领域存在的优势,综述分析了国内外航天增材制造技术应用最新情况;结合液体火箭发动机工程应用实例,对增材制造工程应用发展所经历的替代传统工艺、集成制造、轻量化制造和系统集成设计四个阶段的工程应用与效果进行了系统分析;并指出目前航天液体动力增材制造技术工程化应用推进过程存在的问题及解决方案,提出了增材制造产业化的发展建议。     

浅析环境应力筛选在型号中的应用

从电子产品在型号项目中环境应力筛选的应用现状出发,介绍了环境应力筛选的概念,分析了当前型号研制中环境应力筛选的开展情况和存在的问题,同时通过探究温度变化速率和温度范围对温度循环筛选度的影响、多型号多种条件整合分析以及HASS技术的发展应用,提出了电子产品开展环境应力筛选的三种改进方案,可以有效提高环境应力筛选的效率,具...     

阳极氧化对TiAl合金高温氧化行为和力学性能的影响

采用电化学阳极氧化技术在含NH4F的乙二醇电解液中对TiAl合金进行阳极氧化处理。研究阳极氧化对TiAl合金高温氧化行为和力学性能的影响。结果表明:由于“卤素效应”,阳极氧化处理的TiAl合金经高温氧化后表面形成致密、连续的Al₂O₃氧化膜,有效阻止了氧的内扩散,进而显著提高合金的抗高温氧化性能。经1000℃氧化100 h后,阳极氧化试样增重由未经阳极氧化处理试样的85.86 mg/cm²降至0.67 mg/cm²。另一方面,阳极氧化TiAl合金表面硬度和弹性模量随高温氧化时间延长呈先降低后升高的趋势。阳极氧化TiAl合金在高温服役后,合金的摩擦系数较未经阳极氧化处理试样上升,但表面耐磨性先降低后升高。这是由于TiAl合金经阳极氧化后,表面形成了一层富铝含氟氧化膜,由于氧化膜中F元素在高温氧化过程中与Ti、Al结合形成卤化物,卤化物蒸气选择性扩散在原始氧化膜处形成致密的Al₂O₃保护膜。阳极氧化对TiAl合金力学性能的影响主要是由于氧化膜中Al₂O₃的含量变化所致。     

Influence of leading edge with real manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance of high subsonic compressor cascades

To investigate the influence of real leading-edge manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance of high subsonic compressor blades, a family of leading-edge manufacturing error data were obtained from measured compressor cascades. Considering the limited samples, the leading-edge angle and leading-edge radius distribution forms were evaluated by Shapiro-Wilk test and quantile–quantile plot. Their statistical characteristics provided can be introduced to later related researches. The parameterization design method B-spline and Bezier are adopted to create geometry models with manufacturing error based on leading-edge angle and leading-edge radius. The influence of real manufacturing error is quantified and analyzed by self-developed non-intrusive polynomial chaos and Sobol’ indices. The mechanism of leading-edge manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance is discussed. The results show that the total pressure loss coefficient is sensitive to the leading-edge manufacturing error compared with the static pressure ratio, especially at high incidence. Specifically, manufacturing error of the leading edge will influence the local flow acceleration and subsequently cause fluctuation of the downstream flow. The aerodynamic performance is sensitive to the manufacturing error of leading-edge radius at the design and negative incidences, while it is sensitive to the manufacturing error of leading-edge angle under the operation conditions with high incidences.     

Integration of high-fidelity model of forward variable area bypass injector into zero-dimensional variable cycle engine model

Forward Variable Area Bypass Injector (FVABI) is one of key components which contributes to modulate the cycle parameters of Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) under various operation conditions. The modeling method of zero-dimensional FVABI was reviewed and its deficiency was analyzed based on FVABI flow characteristic. In order to improve the accuracy of VCE performance simulation, the high-fidelity modeling method of FVABI was developed based on its working characteristics. Then it was coupled with the zero-dimensional VCE model and the multi-level VCE model was built. The results indicate that the geometric and aerodynamic parameters can affect the interaction between the two airflows and the zero-dimensional FVABI model is too simple to predict the component performance accurately, especially when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked. Based on the performance curves for single bypass mode and the regression model of multi-scale support vector regression for double bypass mode, the high-fidelity model can predict FVABI performance accurately and rapidly. The integration of high-fidelity FVABI model into zero-dimensional VCE model can be done by adjusting iterative variables and balance equations. The multi-level model has good convergence and it can predict VCE performance when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked.