棒状推进剂的侵蚀燃烧模型及其测定方法

大弹径的无缝单孔棒状推进剂的侵蚀燃烧效应,对其内弹道性能有显著的影响。为研究其侵蚀燃烧现象,提出了一种着重强调湍流与燃烧相互作用的易行模型。实验台上用的是一种设计成大肉厚的(约1.0cm)、中孔圆筒形药柱。药柱燃面的瞬时位置,用实时X射线照相术来测定。X射线照片表明,在强横向流作用下,实测的NOSOL—363棒状推进剂的瞬时燃速,明显地高于它的线燃速(4—32倍)。证明了这种测试方法的有效性。     

应及时切实地检查原料需要计划系统

在过去的十年里,上千个制造公司在原料需求量计划系统(MRP—material Requir—ment Planning)上,采用了许多新技术。还有些公司不惜花费大量的时间和资金去设计原材料需求量计划系统,但都没有取得预期的效果。虽然企业的效益不断增加,库存量减少了20—40％,功效提高了5—20％,为顾客服务水平提高了10—50％,但大部分公司并     

微波光导纤维展望

预测今后十年中微波系统用光纤的需求,徽波光纤迅速普及的一个主要因素是它的损耗极小;概要介绍光纤在遥控中心、相控阵、频谱分析仪、延迟线信号处理器、导弹制导和模/数转换装置中应用的优越性及使用方式;对各种光纤的性能改进作了展望.     

HMX复合推进剂燃烧模型计算

本文建立了一个描述 HMX 复合推进剂燃烧特性的模型。该模型基于以下几个重要概念:1.氧化剂和粘合剂具有不同的表面温度;2.能处理由三种不同粒度级配的氧化剂,3.取时间平均方法来计算推进剂燃速,而不取大多数 BDP 类模型所用的空间平均计算燃速的方法,时间平均方法之要点是考虑了氧化剂的点火延迟时间;4.根据修正的 Burke—Sehumann 扩散火     

Application of the mechanical oscillator technique to the investigation of EVA decompression

The ultrasonic bubble detection technique has been used as a versatile tool in the investigation of hypobaric decompression procedures for the last two decades. However, this method can only detect relatively large bubbles > 30-50 micrometers (usually in venous blood) and not the very first stages of bubble formation. Recently, the mechanical oscillator technique has been applied in air diving trials in order to detect small blood density changes due to hypothetical fluid shifts. However, sharp density drops were found in the decompression process, and these have been attributed to gas bubble formation. In this study, this method was applied together with Doppler controls to a series of altitude decompressions to 300 and 500 hPa, which represents the range of EVA operational pressures currently used or planned. Six subjects participated in both series; the oscillator sample tube could be pressurized. By the application of pressure on a blood sample containing questionable gas bubbles, these are reduced in volume, like in recompression therapy, and thus the density of the sample is increased. This effect has been shown in all 6 subjects undergoing decompression to 300 hPa, whereas in the 500 hPa series only 3 out of 6 subjects corresponded with gas phase formation immediately after decompression. Typically, Doppler bubbles appeared only after some latency time between 20 and 60 min; after this time, the density effect had nearly vanished. It is concluded that the mechanical oscillator technique represents a complementary research instrument to the Doppler method, because it is able to deliver a quantitative resolution of the early stage of gas phase formation.     

CASH 2021: commercial access and space habitation

Issues about commercialization of space have been a growing concern in the past decade for the space community. This paper focuses on the work from a team of 51 students attending the Summer Session Program of the International Space University in Bremen, Germany. CASH 2021 (Commercial Access and Space Habitation) documents a plan that identifies commercial opportunities for space utilization that will extend human presence in space, and will chart the way forward for the next 20 years. The group selected four commercial sectors that show the most promise for the future: tourism, entertainment, space system service, assembly and debris removal, and research and development/production. The content of this document presents the results of their research. Historical activities in each of the commercial sectors are reviewed along with the current market situation. To provide a coherent background for future commercialization possibilities a scenario has been developed. This scenario includes a postulated upon ideal future and includes social, political and economic factors that may affect the space industry over the timeline of the study. The study also presents a roadmap, within the limited optimistic scenario developed, for the successful commercialization of space leading to future human presence in space. A broad range of commercially viable opportunities, not only within the current limits of the International Space Station, but also among the many new developments that are expected by 2021 are discussed.     

数据处理软件与机载数据采集软件的连接

由于飞行测试数据采集和遥测系统引用了能提供动态控制能力的微型计算机,所以软件正日益成为机载数据系统的一个不可缺少的组成部分。通常,软件的重要性总是被机载系统的许多用户所低估,甚至迄今,他们还在担心能否把PCM数据循环图编程到电可编程序只读存储器(EPROM)并将它们插入机载硬件中去。由于较新的可编程序系统使用带有电可擦可编程序只读存储器(E~2PROM)和随机存储器(RAM)的微型计算机来提供实时工程单位(EU)显示和控制能力,因而机载软件就成为整个系统计划的一个中心环节。在这些数据采集系统中,实时数据显示和控制所提出的程序设计要求,使地面站的数据处理软件和飞机上的数据采集软件之间要有软件结构控制和一种软件(固件)连接变得非常重要。本文介绍飞行测试过程中新出现的这类问题的一种解决办法。     

美陆军重新修订“科曼奇”计划

最近,美国陆军和波音/西科斯基公司正在加速进行在“科曼奇”直升机上安装“长弓”雷达攻击系统的研究工作,旨在在首批生产型RAH-66直升机上安装这种系统.这项计划的重点是,要求在2O06年当首批“科曼奇”生产型直升机投入使用时,能装上这种“长弓”雷达系统.按照原先陆军的     

遥远的冥王星

冥王星的特征和环境如何?冥王星距离太阳大约为43亿千米。在地球上,利用强大的望远镜观察,冥王星看起来就像一个模糊的盘子。冥王星呈褐色,表面温度很低。冥王星表面分布着一些亮点,它们可能是极地冰冠,另外还有一些暗点分布在冥王星的表面上。天文学家认为冥王星被稀薄大气包围着,类似于海卫一的环境,周围的稀薄大气可能是氮气。     

AS900将在明年取得适航合格证

美国霍尼韦尔公司为支线和公务机研制的ＡＳ９００发动机现已进入飞行试验阶段。今年ＡＳ９００将累计完成５０００小时加速任务试验，预计该发动机将在明年３月取得适航合格证，并于第三季度投入使用。