To selection of the model fluid for hydrogen simulation in testing of seals

The paper discusses the applicability of cold gaseous nitrogen as a model working fluid in testing the hydrogen pump seals for power plants by three-dimensional modeling.     

Thermally excited vibrations of aircraft structural elements

This paper considers the axisymmetric transverse vibrations of aircraft nonuniform structural elements that are introduced by a thermal shock. Analytical solutions have been obtained and their numerical analysis has been performed.     

Results of solar observations by the CORONAS-F payload

The CORONAS-F mission experiments and results have been reviewed. The observations with the DIFOS multi-channel photometer in a broad spectral range from 350 to 1500 nm have revealed the dependence of the relative amplitudes of p-modes of the global solar oscillations on the wavelength that agrees perfectly well with the earlier data obtained in a narrower spectral ranges. The SPIRIT EUV observations have enabled the study of various manifestations of solar activity and high-temperature events on the Sun. The data from the X-ray spectrometer RESIK, gamma spectrometer HELICON, flare spectrometer IRIS, amplitude–temporal spectrometer AVS-F, and X-ray spectrometer RPS-1 have been used to analyze the X- and gamma-ray emission from solar flares and for diagnostics of the flaring plasma. The absolute and relative content of various elements (such as potassium, argon, and sulfur) of solar plasma in flares has been determined for the first time with the X-ray spectrometer RESIK. The Solar Cosmic Ray Complex monitored the solar flare effects in the Earth’s environment. The UV emission variations recorded during solar flares in the vicinity of the 120-nm wavelength have been analyzed and the amplitude of relative variations has been determined.     

Precipitation of subrelativistic-energy electrons near the polar boundary of the Earth radiation belt according to the data of measurements on the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vernov</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lomonosov</Emphasis> satellites

The work is devoted to observations of sharp growths of magnetospheric electron fluxes in the vicinity of the polar boundary of the outer radiation belt of the Earth according to the data of measurements on the Vernov and Lomonosov satellites. This precipitation was observed at the high-latitude boundary of the outer radiation belt toward the equator from the isotropization boundary, and can be caused by scattering waves of various physical natures, including electromagnetic and electrostatic waves.     

Designing nonuniform satellite systems for continuous global coverage using equatorial and polar circular orbits

We present a method for designing nonuniform satellite systems for continuous global coverage using a combination of equatorial and near-polar satellite segments in circular orbits. Equations are derived to determine the basic design parameters of the satellite system itself and the conditions of its closure at the joint of near-polar and equatorial segments. We analyze specific features of near-polar and equatorial satellite systems and their advantages and disadvantages compared with existing classes of near-polar phased and kinematically correct satellite systems. We estimate the minimum required number of spacecrafts in satellite systems for a given fold of coverage and present calculated dependences for classes of near-polar phased and equatorial satellite systems with different types of closure. For the class of kinematically correct satellite systems, we analyze the characteristics of systems with a minimum spacecraft flight height and reveal that the number of satellites in the orbital plane depends on the flight height for different folds of coverage. We bring examples of the best near-polar equatorial satellite systems of global coverage for different folds and a class of satellite systems with a fixed number of spacecrafts and orbital planes in them.     

Numerical scheme of the second order of accuracy for vortex methods for incompressible flow simulation around airfoils

A high-accuracy numerical scheme is proposed for vortex methods of flow simulation around airfoils of arbitrary shape including airfoils with sharp edges, because it does not require the solution continuity on the airfoil.     

Influence of the helicopter flight design speed on the selection of working process parameters for GTE

This paper considers issues of designing a gas-turbine engine in the helicopter system at the early design stages. The optimum and rational values of engine working process parameters at different flight speeds of the flight vehicle (FV) are analyzed. Several characteristics of mathematical models (MM) that form the helicopter–engine system, are described.     

Fuzzy logic rule as a method for making a design decision in rocketry development

The paper provides a method for multi-criteria selection of the optimal structural layout option based on a fuzzy logic inference that allows for uncertainties in engineering and operates with heterogeneous information of the qualitative and quantitative nature for the systems being designed.     

Large-scale flows of viscous incompressible vortical fluid

An exact solution of the Navier - Stokes equations is given that describes the vorticity of a viscous incompressible liquid or gas, dissipative mediums, stationary shear counter-current of continuous vortical medium in the absence of the Coriolis field.     

Enrichment of the Hot Intracluster Medium: Numerical Simulations

The distribution of chemical elements in the hot intracluster medium (ICM) retains valuable information about the enrichment and star formation histories of galaxy clusters, and on the feedback and dynamical processes driving the evolution of the cosmic baryons. In the present study we review the progresses made so far in the modelling of the ICM chemical enrichment in a cosmological context, focusing in particular on cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. We will review the key aspects of embedding chemical evolution models into hydrodynamical simulations, with special attention to the crucial assumptions on the initial stellar mass function, stellar lifetimes and metal yields, and to the numerical limitations of the modelling. At a second stage, we will overview the main simulation results obtained in the last decades and compare them to X-ray observations of the ICM enrichment patterns. In particular, we will discuss how state-of-the-art simulations are able to reproduce the observed radial distribution of metals in the ICM, from the core to the outskirts, the chemical diversity depending on cluster thermo-dynamical properties, the evolution of ICM metallicity and its dependency on the system mass from group to cluster scales. Finally, we will discuss the limitations still present in modern cosmological, chemical, hydrodynamical simulations and the perspectives for improving the theoretical modelling of the ICM enrichment in galaxy clusters in the future.