机床产品创新和开发流程探究——“森精机”案例分析

[编者按]在2008年10月刚刚结束的CIMES 2008上,森精机制作所携其4款机型参展,吸引了大批专业观众.其融合了重心驱动、直接驱动马达、箱中箱结构及八角型滑枕等一系列森精机独创技术的NMV5000 DCG立式加工中心成为展览的一大亮点.为此,本刊特邀黄仲明、田也壮、张曙3位专家共同撰稿,解析森精机的机床产品创新与开发流程,以飨读者.     

Creep Behaviors of FGH95 Powder Ni-Base Superalloy

This article makes an investigation into the creep behavior and deformation features of FGH95 powder Ni-base superalloy by means of creep curves and microstructural observation. Results show that this superalloy exposes obvious sensibility to the applied temperature and stresses in the experimental range. Microstructure of the alloy consists of γ′ phase of various sizes and dispersed carbide particles precipitated in the wider crystal boundaries between the powder particles. During the creep, the deformation of the alloy occurs in the form of single- or double-oriented slipping inside the grains, and some of the finer carbide particles are precipitated near the slipping traces. The wide grain boundaries might be broken into the finer grains due to severe deformation. The deformation mechanism of the alloy during creep is thought to be the activation of dislocations of double-oriented slipping, including (1/2)<110> dislocation inside the γ matrix phase and <110> super-dislocation inside the γ′ phase. The formation of the stacking faults and (1/3)<112> super-Shockleys partial dislocation configuration is attributed to the decomposition of <110> super-dislocation in the γ′ phase.     

二维弹性圆柱涡致振动的尾涡模态

对均匀来流情况下Re数为200的二维单自由度弹性支撑圆柱涡致振动问题进行了数值模拟。采用时空有限元方法求解二维不可压N-S方程,利用新型显示积分方法求解圆柱振动方程,并用弹簧动网格技术实现网格更新。针对低折合阻尼比涡致振动,分析了不同圆柱自振频率下升力系数、阻力系数以及圆柱位移等参数的变化趋势,成功地捕捉了"锁定"、"拍"和"相位转换"等现象。讨论了圆柱脱落尾涡模态随时间的演变,观测到新的2P+2S尾涡模态,当圆柱振动幅值最大时,尾涡在下游不同位置可能出现2S、2P+2S和2P模态。     

BP神经网络在火灾烟气危害性分级中的应用

建筑物发生火灾时，燃烧产生的高热和有毒、有害气体对人构成很大威胁。本文利用ＢＰ神经网络对火灾烟气危害性进行分级，介绍了神经网络模型的结构、学习过程和算法。实例计算表明：利用神经网络对烟气危害性分级是合理可行的，具有一定的实用价值。     

论赛博空间的基本特征

文章在描述赛博空间的基础上,详细阐述了赛博空间的十大基本特征,提出了运用好这一双刃剑的建议。     

Web信息发布技术的应用

阐述 Ｗ ｅｂ 系统的组成及 Ｗ ｅｂ 系统组织和发布信息的实现过程，给出了将数据库中的数据发布到 Ｗ ｅｂ 页面的实现方法。     

铸铝薄壁件数控加工变形控制

为了解决铸铝薄壁件在加工过程中切削力及初始进刀带来的影响,针对此类零件的加工工艺进行研究,从零件材料性能,工艺方法、进退刀方式、切削参数等方面进行深入分析与应用,采取减小切削量增大进给值的方法及圆插补和斜坡进刀方式控制切削变形,利用压顶交叉的方式控制装夹变形,提高了零件加工的可靠性,保证了零件精确尺寸。     

Use of land＇s cooperative object to estimate UAV＇s pose for autonomous landing

The research of unmanned aerial vehicles＇（UAVs＇）autonomy navigation and landing guidance with computer vision has important signifcance.However,because of the image blurring,the position of the cooperative points cannot be obtained accurately,and the pose estimation algorithms based on the feature points have low precision.In this research,the pose estimation algorithm of UAV is proposed based on feature lines of the cooperative object for autonomous landing.This method uses the actual shape of the cooperative-target on ground and the principle of vanishing line.Roll angle is calculated from the vanishing line.Yaw angle is calculated from the location of the target in the image.Finally,the remaining extrinsic parameters are calculated by the coordinates transformation.Experimental results show that the pose estimation algorithm based on line feature has a higher precision and is more reliable than the pose estimation algorithm based on points feature.Moreover,the error of the algorithm we proposed is small enough when the UAV is near to the landing strip,and it can meet the basic requirements of UAV＇s autonomous landing.     

三维翼面结冰过程及其影响数值研究

为得到三维机翼及翼身尾构型在结冰条件大气中的结冰过程和影响,采用结构化网格对M6机翼和翼身尾构结冰过程进行数值模拟,对飞机结冰过程的数值模拟采用欧拉两相流法求解水滴撞击特性,基于Messinger热力学模型模拟冰形增长过程,对其水滴撞击特性、结冰形状及结冰后对气动特性影响进行研究.分析结果可得:机翼展向,随着弦长变小,结冰量逐渐增多,尤其对大展弦比机翼更为明显.同时机身前端迎风面也是比较容易积冰的区域.