针栓式喷注单元膜束撞击雾化混合过程数值模拟

为了全面认识针栓式喷注器喷雾场结构，基于自适应网格加密技术和分三相计算的PLIC VOF（Piecewise Linear Interface Calculation Volume of Fluid）方法对针栓式喷注单元膜束撞击雾化混合过程进行了仿真分析，通过对两路推进剂分别进行界面追踪，获得了膜束撞击雾化混合过程的详细结构特征，与高速摄影试验结果定性定量对比均吻合较好，验证了数值方法的准确性。以此为基础对膜束撞击的喷雾场结构、撞击变形过程、流场涡结构、雾化破碎典型特征及破碎后的雾化混合分布特征进行了识别分析，结果表明：膜束撞击形成了液束未穿透液膜和液束穿透液膜2种不同的喷雾扇结构。膜束撞击形成的喷雾扇呈"Ω"形，膜束同时发生弯曲变形和横截面变形。另外，膜束撞击同时受到正压和剪切应力作用，导致了一系列复杂涡流现象，使得相互作用增强，雾化混合均增强，这也是膜束撞击喷注构型优于膜膜撞击的本质原因。最后，还发现膜束撞击喷雾场液滴分布呈现分区结构特征，分别是液束控制主导的上雾化区、液膜控制主导的下雾化区及夹在中间的混合区，实际中应兼顾雾化特性和混合特性，选取中等动量比膜束撞击，这可为针栓式喷注器的理论研究和工程设计提供重要参考。     

Bioelectrochemical degradation of urea at platinized boron doped diamond electrodes for bioregenerative systems

The recovery of potable water from space mission wastewater is critical for the life support and environmental health of crew members in long-term missions. NASA estimates reveal that at manned space missions 1.91 kg/person day of urine is produced, with urea and various salts as its main components. In this research we explore the utilization of urease (EC 3.5.1.5, 15,000 U/g) along with a platinized boron doped diamond electrode (Pt-BDD) to degrade urea. Urea is directly degraded to nitrogen by the in situ utilization of the reaction products as a strategy to increase the amount of clean water in future space expeditions. The biochemical reaction of urease produces ammonia and carbon dioxide from urea. Thereafter, ammonia is electrooxidized at the interface of the Pt-BDD producing molecular nitrogen. The herein presented system has been proven to have 20% urea conversion efficiency. This research has potential applications for future long-term space missions since the reaction byproducts could be used for a biomass subsystem (in situ resource recovery), while generating electricity from the same process.     

不同介质下高速铣削钛合金时切屑的变形研究

开展了不同介质下钛合金切屑变形的高速铣削试验研究,分析比较了不同介质、不同铣削速度对切屑宏观和微观形貌的影响及其原因,得出了干铣削、空气油雾和氮气油雾介质下切屑变形的各自特点以及切屑变形随速度而变化的规律。     

航改燃气轮机改用柴油的适应性试验研究

采用试验手段,完成了QD128航改燃气轮机燃用轻柴油燃料的适应性研究。结果表明:喷嘴雾化锥角对燃料物性改变不敏感,基本稳定;流量受粘度、密度共同影响,设计工况流量减小约3%;粘度增加导致雾化粒度增大约8μm;改用柴油后点火性能依旧良好,贫油点火范围宽;进气温度升高,贫油点火极限略为增加。以上结果为QD128航改燃气轮机柴油燃料机型设计提供了可靠的技术依据。     

基于虚拟样机的起落架收放系统仿真

通过建立某飞机起落架机构动力学模型和液压及控制系统模型,构建了完整的起落架收放系统的虚拟样机。基于虚拟样机,进行了起落架收放系统仿真分析,并与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明:仿真结果与试验结果基本一致,仿真模型可以用于起落架系统收放时间的模拟。     

小展弦比飞机非线性气动特性风洞与飞行相关性研究

在较大迎角范围，如何由风洞试验数据预计全尺寸小展弦比飞机的非线性气动特性，并与飞行值相关，始终是国际航空界致力解决的重大问题，本项研究采用风洞试验与工程计算相结合的方法，对支架，洞壁、进气，喷流，雷诺数及静弹性等影响相关性的诸因素予以修正，并计及配平影响，从而比较准确地预计出全尺寸收音机的非线性气动特性，预计值与试飞值相比较结果验证了本项研究的可靠性和实用性。     

High-Order Intermodulation Effects in Digital Satellite Channels

The phenomenon of intermodulation generation due to passive and normally linear components is sometimes called passive intermodulation. A unique characteristic of passive intermodulation interference in communications satellites is that the products causing trouble are of high orders. Due to the immense combinatorial complexity of the problem, both exact analysis and direct simulation are almost impossible. In this paper the problem is simplified by considering a composite interference model consisting of 1) the lowest order intermodulation product (of those high-order ones) at a frequency of interest, 2) a constant-envelope carrier with random phase to account for all other intermodulation interferences by direct overlap or spectrum spreading in the vicinity, and 3) white Gaussian noise (receiver noise). An approximation of the tail statistics of this composite interference is derived, and numerical results (checked by simulation) show that the tail distribution may be very different from Gaussian; careful consideration must be rendered before resorting to the a priori Gaussian assumption.     

一种地理围栏内无人机航迹跟踪方法

针对UTM体制中无人机在地理围栏内的飞行监视问题,提出一种约束状态相关模态转换混合估计算法(CSDTHE)。采用随机线性混杂系统模型对无人机运动状态进行建模,利用CV、CT和CA三种模态描述无人机的飞行状态,以构建地理围栏内无人机运行的通用模态转换模型框架。利用飞行模态改变点(FMCP)定义相关模态转换参数,设计模态转换条件,生成模态转换概率矩阵,从而建立与状态相关的模态转换模型。运用约束卡尔曼滤波(CKF)方法对直线阶段和转弯阶段的无人机运动速度分别施加等式约束,并通过仿真实验验证了CSDTHE算法对无人机跟踪的有效性。     

基于动网格技术的飞机舱弹分离过程 CFD/ RBD耦合数值仿真

飞机舱弹分离瞬间特性严重影响导弹/炸弹的打击精度。采用计算流体动力学(CFD)和刚体动力学(RBD)模型耦合求解的数值仿真方法,应用网格弹性光顺和局部重构相结合的动网格技术,有效地避免了刚体运动而引起的网格畸变,仿真计算了炸弹舱弹分离后俯仰角度变化过程 .仿真结果表明,舱弹分离时向炸弹施加 1个合适的抛 射力矩,有助于炸弹在下降过程中快速地调整其打击姿态。     

航空涡轮喷气发动机双变量控制系统设计

影响涡轮喷气发动机推力和耗油率的主要参数是转速和涡轮前温度。在最大工况下保持转速及涡轮前温度为最大值不变,可使发动机在各种飞行条件下最大限度发挥动力性能。作为高性能战斗机动力的双轴涡轮喷气发动机。