On Nonlinear-Evolution of C-type Instability in Nonparallel Boundary Layers

The process of evolution, especially that of nonlinear evolution, of C-type instability of laminar-turbulent flow transition in nonparallel boundary layers are studied by means of a newly developed method called parabolic stability equations （PSE）. Initial conditions, which are very important for the nonlinear problem, are investigated by computing initial solution of the harmonic waves, modifying the mean-flow-distortion, and giving initial value of TS wave and its subharmonic waves at initial station by solving linear PSE. A numerical method with high-order accuracy are developed in the text, the key normalization conditions in the PSE are satisfied, and nonlinear PSE are solved efficiently and implemented stably by the spatial marching. It has been shown that the computed process of nonlinear evolution of C-type instability in Blasius boundary layer is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

液氧/煤油发动机试验废水的循环使用

为达到国标中有关污水排放的二级标准及节约利用水资源,设计和安装了液氧/煤油发动机试验台试验污水处理和循环使用系统。发动机试验采用水冷式导流槽,每次试验的用水量很大,并且试验产生的废水会含有一定量的煤油,该处理系统采用过滤-吸附-消毒等工艺对试验产生的污水进行处理,并将处理后的污水进行循环使用。系统投入使用后污水处理效果理想,且运行稳定、便于维护。     

VXI数据采集系统的建立及其应用

在液氧／煤油发动机试验中,需要根据测量精度、被测参数的类型、采样速率等技术指标进行数据采集系统的选型、配套,完成对温度、压力、流量转速、推力、真空压力等众多参数的测量。主要介绍了利用VXI数据采集系统完成各参数的测量任务．包括系统的建立,解决系统调试中出现的问题,同时介绍了VXI数据采集系统在发动机故障诊断紧急关机系统中的应用。     

数据修补技术在GPS测量数据处理中的应用

介绍常用的GPS测量信息传输和提取方法,在获取GPS测量信息过程中引入多台遥测设备记录信息对接方法、延时波道测量信息弥补方法等数据修补技术。实际应用表明,使用数据修补技术能够充分利用遥测设备测量信息提高GPS测量信息处理结果的连续性,有助于查找GPS测量信息存在乱散或中断问题的原因,可在GPS测量信息事后处理与分析工作中推广使用。     

M-Rife频率估计法在测控信号载波捕获中的应用

针对航天测控对载波快速捕获的需求,设计一种能够实现载波快速捕获的方法,即先对导频信号进行频率估计,再将估计得到的频率值置入后续的科斯塔斯环进行处理。Rife频率估计方法的估计误差接近克拉美-罗限,但是当信噪比较低或载波频率在频率分辨率整数倍附近时,此方法有较大的估计误差。为了提高导频信号的频率估计精度,采用修正Rife(M-Rife)频率估计方法。对M-Rife频率估计方法的性能进行仿真分析,并与Rife频率估计方法进行对比,结果表明M-Rife频率估计方法可以有效地提高频率估计精度和稳定度。     

基于三结太阳电池的透射率测量系统

在空间环境中太阳电池的涂层会发生退化,从而影响航天器的飞行寿命,因此研究能够测量涂层光学透射率变化的系统具有重要意义.使用三结太阳电池作为探测器接收光能量;设计光电流检测电路,对太阳电池输出电流进行电流-电压变换,放大,滤波和模数转换,最终输入上位机处理;运用双通道比对测量技术,比较有玻璃和无玻璃的三结太阳电池光电流测量值,计算出玻璃样片在三结太阳电池响应谱段内的整体透射率;使用热电阻传感器检测太阳电池工作温度以消除温度变化带来的误差.通过实验测得系统的测试相对误差约为0.1%,测量不确定度小于0.15%.     

基于时频分析的运载火箭故障特征提取技术

为尽可能从运载火箭飞行试验数据中获取更多有价值的信息,提出了新的火箭振动参数故障特征提取模型,用于火箭振动问题分析.构建了三维傅里叶谱,用于高效地分析全程观测信号频谱的时变趋势,研究了Wigner-Ville分布的标准算法与快速算法,用于精确刻画振动参数感兴趣数据段的频谱随时间的分布情况.试验结果表明:模型及方法处理火箭遥测数据直观、高效、精确,可以应用于实测数据分析.研究时频分析方法对试验数据进行更深层次的分析处理,对设计高可靠、高性能的运载火箭,具有重要意义.     

电磁探测卫星星上自主规划模型及优化算法

电磁探测卫星自治(AEDS)是一类对地观测卫星,其搜集的信息对工业、科研和军事等领域有着重要的意义。针对电磁探测卫星有效载荷特点,建立了基于动态拓扑结构无环路有向图的星上自主规划数学模型,提出了基于标记更新最短路径搜索的星上自主规划精确算法,对其完备性和时间复杂度进行了分析。并对精确算法时间复杂度较高的缺点,将近似支配概念引入到模型中,提出了标记更新最短路径搜索近似算法,分析了算法的近似程度和时间复杂度。最后,根据模拟的数据进行实验及分析,表明该方法能有效解决电磁探测卫星自主任务规划问题。     

超声速非平行边界层的非线性稳定性研究(英文)

用非线性抛物化稳定性方程(NPSE),研究超声速非平行边界层的扰动波的非线性演化过程。发展了高精度的数值方法,对NPSE进行有效求解和稳定推进。计算得到了各谐波的振幅增长曲线和不同的扰动剖面函数,特别是展示了谐波之间的非线性作用的物理特征,包括流向涡、展向涡和Λ结构的形成和演化等,以进行转捩过程的机理研究和分析。NPSE的计算结果显示了这个新方法是研究超声速边界层非线性稳定性的有效方法。     

Effects of long-term low atmospheric pressure on gas exchange and growth of lettuce

The objectives of this research were to determine photosynthesis, evapotranspiration and growth of lettuce at long-term low atmospheric pressure. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Youmaicai) plants were grown at 40 kPa total pressure (8.4 kPa _pO₂$p_{{\text{O}}_2}$) or 101 kPa total pressure (20.9 kPa _pO₂$p_{{\text{O}}_2}$) from seed to harvest for 35 days. Germination rate of lettuce seeds decreased by 7.6% at low pressure, although this was not significant. There was no significant difference in crop photosynthetic rate between hypobaria and ambient pressure during the 35-day study. The crop evapotranspiration rate was significantly lower at low pressure than that at ambient pressure from 20 to 30 days after planting (DAP), but it had no significant difference before 20 DAP or after 30 DAP. The growth cycle of lettuce plants at low pressure was delayed. At low pressure, lettuce leaves were curly at the seedling stage and this disappeared gradually as the plants grew. Ambient lettuce plants were yellow and had an epinastic growth at harvest. The shoot height, leaf number, leaf length and shoot/root ratio were lower at low pressure than those at ambient pressure, while leaf area and root growth increased. Total biomass of lettuce plants grown at two pressures had no significant difference. Ethylene production at low pressure decreased significantly by 38.8% compared with ambient pressure. There was no significant difference in microelements, nutritional phytochemicals and nitrate concentrations at the two treatments. This research shows that lettuce can be grown at long-term low pressure (40 kPa) without significant adverse effects on seed germination, gas exchange and plant growth. Furthermore, ethylene release was reduced in hypobaria.