高能X射线辐照材料的SPH数值模拟

高能脉冲X射线辐照材料时,能量沉积会使材料表层发生气化,并在材料内部形成高压热击波。目前一般采用差分方法对高压热击波过程进行数值模拟。文章尝试采用光滑粒子流体动力学（SPH）方法对X射线辐照材料进行数值模拟,由于材料表层的气化膨胀所致,膨胀后的粒子体积是原来的几十倍甚至上百倍,产生粒子大变形的粒子穿透现象;分析了产生粒子穿透现象的主要原因是气化边界处密度计算公式不合适所致,为此对密度计算公式进行了改进,并开展了基于改进密度计算公式的两种方法的数值模拟,两种方法的计算结果比较一致。     

光滑粒子流体动力学的一种并行数值计算方案

在三维超高速碰撞数值计算方面,针对三维光滑粒子动力学（SPH）方法计算量大和耗时长的缺点,文章提出了一种简单直接、易于编程实现的SPH并行计算方案,并简述了该方案的基本思想、任务划分、变量存储、信息传递以及主要计算步骤。最后利用自编并行程序计算了两个超高速碰撞实例,结果表明:针对几百万个粒子,在运算速度为每秒5万亿次的“银河”计算机上申请23个核并行计算,每步约需要8 s,加速比约为10,并行效率约为50%,计算时间显著减少。     

月球车驱动轮在模拟月壤上的沉陷特性实验分析

车轮沉陷量是影响月球车通过性能的关键因素之一。文章用一种月球车的刚性车轮在模拟月壤上进行了以不同滑转率滚动的沉陷量测试实验;根据模拟月壤的加载和重复加载力学特性模型,探讨了车轮首次通过和重复通过的沉陷量的计算方法,计算结果与测量值的差小于8%;进一步分析了等重的两轴和三轴月球车的后轮沉陷量。     

基于速度和加速度约束的有限控制能力路径跟踪

在考虑实际系统有限控制能力的情况下,对非完整移动机器人提出一种完全满足速度和加速度约束的路径跟踪技术。根据系统状态方程分析了移动机器人维持无偏差跟踪状态的条件,先通过智能预测控制将路径偏差转化为同号状态,再应用滚动时域控制和约束条件设计一种改进型最优预测控制器。当路径跟踪开始时,控制量从零初值调整;当路径偏差同步消除到零时,控制量可在速度和加速度约束下及时调整到零。仿真结果验证了所提技术的有效性,有限控制能力使该技术在工程应用时具有更好的可行性和适应性。     

Effects of different carbon dioxide and LED lighting levels on the anti-oxidative capabilities of Gynura bicolor DC

Gynura bicolor DC is not only an edible plant but also a kind of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. G. bicolor DC grown in controlled environmental chambers under 3 CO₂ concentrations [450 (ambient), 1500 (elevated), 8000 (super-elevated) μmol mol⁻¹] and 3 LED lighting conditions [white (WL), 85% red + 15% blue (RB15), 70% red + 30% blue (RB30) ] were investigated to reveal plausible antioxidant anabolic responses to CO₂ enrichment and LED light quality. Under ambient and elevated CO₂ levels, blue light increasing from 15% to 30% was conducive to the accumulation of anthocyanins and total flavonoids, and the antioxidant activity of extract was also increased, but plant biomass was decreased. These results demonstrated that the reinforcement of blue light could induce more antioxidant of secondary metabolites, but depress the effective growth of G. bicolor DC under ambient and elevated CO₂ levels. In addition, compared with the ambient and elevated CO₂ levels, the increased anthocyanins, total flavonoids contents and antioxidant enzyme activities of G. bicolor DC under super-elevated CO₂ level could serve as important components of antioxidative defense mechanism against CO₂ stress. Hence, G. bicolor DC might have higher tolerance to CO₂ stress.     

有限振幅扰动下高超声速钝楔绕流感受性

为了研究自由流脉冲波作用下高超音速流动感受性特征,采用高阶有限差分方法模拟钝楔超高音速绕流中来流慢声脉冲波作用下的非定常流场,并应用傅里叶频谱分析了边界层扰动模态的演化.结果显示,自由流脉冲扰动下,边界层不同模态波沿流线呈现不同变化规律.球头区边界层感受到的主要是基频波,在球头向非球头区过渡段,主导模态迅速向高频迁移;在非球头区,主导模态频率缓慢向高频迁移.总的来说,沿流向总扰动模态中的低频模态成分变小,高频,特别是二阶谐频附近模态成分显著地增大.沿流线发展,边界层不同扰动模态之间存在伴随能量迁移的模态竞争物理现象,主导模态的发展对其他模态有很强的抑制作用.      

Optimal diving maneuver strategy considering guidance accuracy for hypersonic vehicle

An optimal maneuver strategy considering terminal guidance accuracy for hypersonic vehicle in dive phase is investigated in this paper. First, it derives the complete three-dimensional nonlinear coupled motion equation without any approximations based on diving relative motion relationship directly, and converts it into linear decoupled state space equation with the same relative degree by feedback linearization. Second, the diving guidance law is designed based on the decoupled equation to meet the terminal impact point and falling angle constraints. In order to further improve the interception capability, it constructs maneuver control model through adding maneuver control item to the guidance law. Then, an integrated performance index consisting of maximum line-of-sight angle rate and minimum energy consumption is designed, and optimal control is employed to obtain optimal maneuver strategy when the encounter time is determined and undetermined, respectively. Furthermore, the performance index and suboptimal strategy are reconstructed to deal with the control capability constraint and the serous influence on terminal guidance accuracy caused by maneuvering flight. Finally, the approach is tested using the Common Aero Vehicle-H model. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can achieve high precision guidance and effective maneuver at the same time, and the indices are also optimized.     

激光模式对典型金属材料烧蚀影响的数值模拟研究

利用自编的LAMP程序计算了铝、镁和钛等3种金属材料的激光烧蚀温度场,重点分析了激光作用模式对烧蚀效果的影响,并考虑了材料表面反射系数随温度变化的情况。计算结果表明,对于同样的金属靶,当光斑和激光平均功率相同时,重频频率小、占空比小的激光烧蚀贯穿靶所需的时间最少。     

多站时差定位关键技术研究

提出一种基于机动平台的电子侦察目标精确定位方法,利用多站观测获得雷达辐射源时差信息,通过定位跟踪算法实现目标位置精确估计。该方法具有较大的灵活性,适用于任意机动观测平台,且可方便地推广应用于更多机动平台组网观测,以提高侦察定位精度和稳健性。分析了精确时差测量、辐射源定位跟踪等关键技术,并进行了性能分析仿真。     

航空航天复合材料非热压罐成型研究进展

介绍了复合材料非热压罐成型的研究进展,包括非热罐成型用的树脂体系、预浸料技术、纤维自动铺放技术以及双真空袋成型工艺等,探讨了非热压罐技术的发展现状和前景。