低雷诺数非细长三角翼绕流流动结构实验研究

通过水洞流动显示实验对低雷诺数非细长三角翼绕流流动结构进行了研究,特别是前缘剖面对50°三角翼绕流涡结构的影响及存在双涡结构时模型的最大后掠角.实验表明,双涡结构对染色液的注入位置很敏感,且这一双涡结构现象在64°三角翼绕流中仍可观测到;此外,前缘剖面形状严重影响涡破裂位置及涡核的空间分布.与迎风面倒角前缘相比,背风面倒角的三角翼易于产生双涡结构、可以推迟涡破裂并使涡核靠近模型上表面,进而有利于提高三角翼的气动特性.     

后掠翼对细长体头部侧向力特性的影响

通过在细长体顶点处设置扰动块的方式使细长体的绕流具有确定性,在此基础上研究了机翼对细长体头部侧向力特性的影响.通过实验发现,测压截面越靠近机翼顶点,受机翼的影响越大.在50°迎角以下,后掠翼对细长体头部侧向力特性的影响很小.在60°迎角时,后掠翼对细长体头部的侧向力特性影响较大,此时单独细长体的侧向力特性实验结果已不能直接应用于后掠翼身组合体了.     

多径信道下基于恒模算法的遥测信号盲均衡

运载火箭在塔架静态测试时易受多径衰落影响,导致遥测信号产生码间干扰。本文对PCM-FM体制遥测信号的多径信道使用恒模算法(CMA)进行盲均衡研究,针对遥测信道中的码间干扰展开理论分析和Matlab仿真,并搭建盲均衡功能测试平台开展实验验证。结果表明:CMA收敛速度高、误码率低,对多径干扰具有较好的鲁棒性和实用性。     

实用航空发动机LQR权阵选取方法

为了简化航空发动机LQR方法权阵的选取,基于优化理论提出了一种新的目标函数选取方法。该目标函数同时反映控制性能与控制能量的影响,因此,通过优化该目标函数得到的权阵设计出的LQR控制器不仅性能优良,还能保证控制能量在可接受的范围内。此外,该目标函数中包含且只包含了一个可调参数,可简化控制器参数调节过程,使设计者能轻松地在控制性能与控制能量间找到合理的折中。线性仿真、非线性仿真及半物理仿真试验均验证了按此方法设计的控制器的性能。     

具有尖侧缘的非圆截面机身头部几何参数影响研究

有侧滑时,尖侧缘的非圆截面机身头部在中等和大迎角下,可具有方向稳定性.在计算研究的基础上,选择了3个不同上、下表面高度和两个不同侧缘角的模型进行了低速风洞试验.风洞试验结果表明,无侧滑时,机身的升力、阻力和俯仰力矩的绝对值都随高度增大而减小,在α<30°内,表面高度对横向特性影响较小,α=30~60°时,呈现复杂的影响趋势;尖锐侧缘机身比圆侧缘机身产生的升力和阻力都大些,但俯仰力矩差别不大;随着迎角的增大,对横向特性的影响明显;有侧滑时,上表面b/a=0.75的机身和下表面b/a=0.25的机身对方向稳定性的影响最显著,尖锐侧缘比圆侧缘对方向稳定性有更大的影响.     

太阳风质子束流的演化

太阳神飞船观测表明,太阳风高速流中质子束分量相对于核分量的密度随日心距离增加而增加。提出解释这一观测现象的机理并给出二维数值模拟结果。由于阿尔芬波速随日心距离增加而减少,第二支左旋波将与更多的质子共振,把部分原来属于核分布的质子拉到束分布中来。用数值模拟方程方法求解回旋波共振导致的准线性扩散方程,数值结果与观测结果相符合。     

An innovative study on low surface energy micronano coatings with multilevel structures for laminar flow design

Laminar flow design is one of the most effective ways to reduce the drag of a commercial aircraft by expanding the laminar flow region on the surface of the aircraft. As material science develops, the emergence of new materials such as low surface energy materials has offered new choices for laminar flow design of commercial aircraft. Different types of low surface energy micro-nano coatings are prepared to verify the effects on the boundary layer transition position and the drag of the airfoil through wind tunnel tests. The infrared thermal imaging technology is adopted for measuring the boundary layer transition, while the momentum integral approach is employed to measure the drag coefficient through a wake rake. Infrared thermal imaging results indicate that the coatings are capable of moving backward the boundary layer transition position at both a low velocity of Mach number 0.15 and a high velocity of Mach number 0.785. Results of the momentum integral approach demonstrate that the drag coefficients are reduced obviously within the cruising angle of attack range from 1° and 5° by introducing the low surface energy micro-nano coating technology.     

甲醇超临界水完全气化制氢系统的火用分析

基于热力学火用平衡方程所揭示的实际用能过程和理想用能过程,通过引入"偏离值"、"偏离度"两个指标,对甲醇超临界水制氢系统进行了火用分析。首先确定了加热和反应环节为重点优化环节;然后研究了此二环节的"偏离度"分别随压力、温度的变化规律,并比较了压力和温度对"偏离度"的影响作用大小。在提高甲醇制氢系统的能质利用率方面进行了有益的探讨,其结论对制氢系统的节能工作具有一定的参考价值。     

HTPB官能度数学模型建立

为了研究自由基型液体端羟基聚丁二烯预聚物(HTPB)体系官能度分布情况,对其化学合成中自由电子转移情况进行了分析,并通过数学统计的方法对其官能度分布进行理论数值模拟,建立了适用于自由基型HTPB官能度分布的函数关系式,并与GPC所测结果进行对比。结果显示,计算所得函数关系式与测试数据吻合结果较好,数值模拟结果准确性较高;自由基聚合生产的不同批次的HTPB官能度分布存在较大差异,单官能度分子含量可从5%~24%,二官能度分子的含量可从50%~81%;利用数学统计得到的函数关系,可将复杂的HTPB官能度测试转变为简单的分子量分布测试。     

A shortcut to marking 3D target curves on curved surface via a galvanometric laser scanner

Marking arbitrary three-dimensional(3D) target curves on given objects with curved surface is required in many industrial fields, such as fabric prepreg placement in composite material part fabrication, product assembly, surface painting for decoration, etc. A shortcut to the solution of this intractable problem is proposed by utilizing a galvanometric laser scanner(GLS) with the aid of a camera. Without using the existing tedious GLS calibration procedures,the proposed method directly establishes a mapping between the 3D coordinates of the laser spots on the object surface and the control voltages of the scanner. A single-hidden layer feedforward neural network(SLFN) is employed to model the mapping. By projecting a dense grid of laser spots on the object to be marked and simultaneously taking only one image, the SLFN model is trained in minutes via a linear solving mechanism. Experiments demonstrate that the trained SLFN model has a good generalization performance for marking 3D target curves. The 3D laser marking errors on experimental objects are less than 0.5 mm. The proposed method is especially suitable for on-site use and can be conveniently extended to multiple GLSs for marking large complex objects.