基于非结构网格的离子推力器羽流数值模拟方法研究

为适应复杂的航天器外形,文章采用基于非结构网格的数值模拟方法研究离子推力器真空羽流的基本特征。首先,介绍了非结构网格划分的方法,并分析了建模区域生成各种拓扑关系的特点;然后,提出了粒子穿越网格的具体算法,包括有利于减少计算量的结合矩阵重标号的带宽压缩算法;最后,开展了模拟结果和试验结果的对比研究,验证了以上数值模拟方法的可行性。     

直齿直通式篦齿封严计算模型

基于流体网络法,集成大量的计算流体力学数值模拟数据,完成对直齿直通式篦齿封严的计算模型的开发,并采用商业软件Flowmaster GT版对其进行验证,结果表明:该模型对于直齿直通式篦齿封严的模拟准确度较高,对于包含超声速壅塞流动下的各种流动状态具有较广的适用性,只需基本的几何特征参数并定义进出口边界条件即可进行模拟,计算收敛性好,而且对于非直齿式的直通式封严结构也具有一定的适用性,因此可以作为二次空气系统一维数值仿真的标准化模型使用.      

极小展弦比背鳍气动特性研究

对极小展弦比背鳍进行了风洞实验和CFD分析。研究表明：亚声速大迎角下背鳍涡破裂影响不严重,且涡破裂迎角较大;正侧滑通常使背鳍法向力增加,负侧滑使法向力降低;CFD分析证实了大负侧滑条件下翼片法向力会变成负值,从而引起十字翼在倾斜条件下滚转力矩发生突变。     

Visualization Experiments of a Specific Fuel Flow Through Quartz-glass Tubes Under both Sub- and Supercritical Conditions

The present work is a visualization study of a typical kerosene (RP-3) flowing through vertical and horizontal quartz-glass tubes under both suband supercritical conditions by a high speed camera. The experiments are accomplished at temperatures of 300-730 K under pressures from 0.107-5 MPa. Six distinctive two-phase flow patterns are observed in upward flow and the critical point of RP-3 is identified as critical pressure pc=2.33 MPa and critical temperature Tc=645.04 K and it is found that when the fluid pressure exceeds 2.33 MPa the flow can be considered as a single phase flow. The critical opalescence phenomenon of RP-3 is observed when the temperature is between 643.16 K and 648.61 K and the pressure is between 2.308 MPa and 2.366 MPa. The region filled by the critical opalescence in the upward flow is clearly larger than that in the downward flow due to the interaction between the buoyancy force and fluid inertia. Morecover, obvious layered flow phenomenon is observed in horizontal flow under supercritical pressures due to the differences of gravity and density.     

星载SAR全方位模糊特性及计算方法

常规的星载SAR模糊度计算方法是基于距离向一维方向图和方位向一维方向图,独立进行距离向模糊度和方位向模糊度分析.由于星载SAR对地观测是二维的,因此距离模糊度是全方位的,且真实的模糊能量仅来自于距离向模糊信号,方位向模糊是基于距离向模糊信号的基础上由于成像处理导致的模糊信号重组.为解决系统设计时预估分析的距离向模糊度值...     

Al含量对耐热Mg-Al-Sr合金显微组织及力学性能的影响

研究了Mg-(4～7)Al-2Sr系列四种合金的显微组织、拉伸和蠕变性能及Al含量对其组织和性能的影响.Mg-(4～7)Al-2Sr系合金的铸态组织均由α-Mg和沿枝晶界分布的第二相构成.Al含量为4%时在晶界处形成了离异共晶和少量层片共晶Al4Sr相及大块的三元τ(Mg-Al-Sr)相.Al含量的增加使Al4Sr全部转变为更加粗大的层片状共晶,同时共晶相的体积分数增加而τ相体积分数减小,当Al含量6%时全部为α-Mg+Al4Sr共晶组织.Al含量继续升高到7%后,基体中形成了少量的Mg17Al12相.含Al 4%和5%的合金中Sr抑制了显微组织中Mg17Al12相的形成和高温下的非连续析出,并且在高温100h蠕变后显微组织没有发生明显变化,有较好的蠕变抗力.三元τ相比Al4Sr有更高的热稳定性,因此在Al含量低于6%时,随着Al量增大,τ相减少而Al4Sr相增加,导致合金蠕变性能有所下降;Al含量高于6%时,胞状Mg17Al12相非连续析出,Al含量增大使析出相增多,蠕变性能也逐渐下降.     

电离层等离子体主动释放试验研究

等离子体主动释放试验是空间物理研究的一种主动、有效手段. 2013年4月中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心在海南进行了中国第一次空间等离子体主动释放试验. 探空火箭在190 km高度释放了近1 kg碱金属钡, 形成一团由钡原子和钡离子组成的云团. 利用地面光学观测手段, 记录了钡云从释放初期到末期的演化全过程, 获取了钡云亮度、粒子密度、成分及扩散范围随时间的变化规律. 通过对钡云漂移的研究, 得到低纬度地区释放点处电离层的中性风场特性, 其分析结果对于研究低纬度地区电离层动力学特性具有一定指导意义.      

提高卫星导航性能的阵列参数估计算法

针对卫星导航信号参数估计性能严重影响导航定位精度,提出了一种利用电磁偶极子对提高信号波达方向和极化参数估计性能的方法。充分利用接收数据协方差矩阵,通过两次特征分解,由特征分解的特征值进行极化参数估计。利用小圆环子阵导向矢量得到波达方向的粗略而无模糊的估计,大圆环子阵导向矢量得到有模糊的估计,通过解模糊得到精确的无模糊的估计,从而大幅提高了到达角的估计精度。比较了单个圆环阵列和同心圆环阵列的参数估计性能,分析了参数估计精度对抗干扰性能的影响,仿真结果表明参数估计精度的提高有效改善了卫星导航抗干扰的性能。     

Statistical properties of fatigue damage of Gaussian random loadings

Firstly, the fatigue damages associated with the random loadings were always deemed as high-cycle or very-high-cycle fatigue problems, and based on Chebyshev theorem, the number of rainflow cycles in a given time interval could be recognized as a constant by neglecting its randomness. Secondly, the randomness of fatigue damage induced by the distribution of rainflow cycles was analyzed. According to central limit theorem, the fatigue damage could be assumed to follow Gaussian distribution, and the statistical parameters: mean and variance, were derived from Dirlik's solution. Finally, the proposed method was used to a simulate Gaussian random loading and the measured random loading from an aircraft. Comparisons with observed results were carried out extensively. In the first example, the relative errors of the proposed method are 2.29%, 3.52% and 1.16% for the mean, standard deviation and variation coefficient of fatigue damage, respectively. In the second example, these relative errors are 11.70%, 173.32% and 18.20%, and the larger errors are attributable to non-stationary state of the measured loading to some extent.      

自由分子流微电热推力器工作特性和性能研究

微推进地面试验系统由推进剂贮存供应控制单元、电源供应控制单元、虚拟仪器测控单元和推力器等组成。通过FMMFL的设计加工和地面试验系统建设,在大气状态下,对FMMR的工作特性和性能进行研究,并与理论分析和数值模拟计算结果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,在大气状态下,基于MEMS的薄膜温度传感器和薄膜加热器工作稳定;当输入功率为14．6W,工作压强为100Pa时,推力器工作温度为600K。推进剂工质为N2时,质量流量为3．720mg／s,比冲为54．254s,推力为1．979mN;推进剂工质为H2O时,质量流量为2．976mg／s,比冲为68．163s,推力为2．000mN。FMMR的各项性能参数与理论分析结果一致。通过优化设计和系统集成,FMMR的性能将得到进一步提高。