月面巡视器太阳能帆板功率衰减特性研究

太阳能帆板的功率衰减特性分析,对地外天体表面探测器的功率平衡、电源系统健康管理以及长寿命在轨管理有重要意义。通过对月面巡视器在轨运行第2到11月昼的电流遥测进行研究,提出了一种基于有限遥测的太阳能帆板功率衰减特性分析方法。首先利用一种滞环的方法对大量的电流遥测进行数据处理;然后进行日月距离和太阳入射角的归一化,通过数据拟合计算,得出落月第一年太阳能帆板功率衰减约为2.5%,并利用巡视器历次月昼唤醒时刻的太阳入射角变化情况验证了该方法的有效性,对地外天体的太阳能帆板功率衰减特性计算提供一定参考。     

高超声速伸缩式变形飞行器再入制导方法

针对高超声速变形飞行器再入制导问题,提出了一种采用伸缩式机翼的高超声速变形飞行器外形方案,建立了含有展长变形量的气动模型和动力学模型。将该变形飞行器的展长变形量扩展为控制变量,分析了倾侧角、展长变形量和终端航程、高度之间的关系。在此基础上,利用倾侧角和展长变形量在线预测剩余航程和终端高度,通过数值方法校正2个控制量以满足航程约束和高度约束,通过航向角走廊确定倾侧角符号。仿真结果表明:该变形飞行器再入制导方法制导精度高,相比于传统固定外形飞行器终端约束能力更强、轨迹更加平滑,且在扰动条件下具有一定鲁棒性。      

基于支持向量机的航空发动机滑油监控分析

提出了一种基于支持向量机的航空发动机滑油金属含量预测方法。详细分析了支持向量机用于时间序列预测的理论基础,并给出了运用支持向量回归进行多步预测的一般公式,提出了用最终预报误差(FPE)准则优化选取嵌入维数。与传统的AR预测模型相比,支持向量机由于采用了新型的结构风险最小化准则表现出优秀的推广能力。经过数值仿真得出自回归(AR)模型仅适合于短期预测;支持向量机预测推广能力强、具有较强的鲁棒性和容错性,对较长区间预测仍具有较好的效果。最后,将其应用于某型发动机滑油的铁金属含量预测,取得了较好的效果。      

外物损伤对压气机叶片高周疲劳强度的影响研究进展

针对外物损伤（FOD）对压气机叶片高周疲劳（HCF）强度的影响特点及其规律,总结了国内外研究现状及预期发展趋势。从FOD特征对压气机叶片HCF强度的影响、残余应力以及激光强化对HCF强度的影响、FOD叶片数值模拟以及FOD叶片寿命模型等方面,对现有研究成果进行综述。分析表明：FOD从多方面影响着压气机叶片的HCF强度,并有着一定的规律性,如：60°是较为危险的一种冲击角度,随着外物冲击损伤深度的增加会降低叶片的强度,残余拉应力的产生可以提高叶片疲劳强度,适当的表面处理同样可以提高叶片的强度。现有的FOD对压气机叶片HCF强度研究存在以下问题：试验有待进一步改进,理论模型有待深入研究,残余应力对叶片HCF强度的影响规律尚不统一等。     

陶行知"大学之道"教育思想解读对当代高职教育的反思

陶行知的“大学之道”教育思想,是对传统的“学而优则仕”———“人上人”教育观念的否定,它是融德育、办学理念、校风、校训以及培养目标为一体的治学之道,也即是教育目的。这对我们今天的教育,特别是高等职业教育有着重大的启示。     

一种低速风洞大流量进气道试验系统研制

为了提高FL-8风洞进气道试验能力,结合该风洞特点,在不破坏原有进气道试验系统前提下,研制了一路大流量进气道试验系统,采用直线形式布置在风洞中心,引射混合气体扩压减速后排入风洞扩散段内。该系统可实现进气道流场模拟、性能测量、流量控制与测量。为了验证该系统性能,在FL-8风洞进行试验验证了引射器的引射能力,排气对风洞流场的影响以及流量的控制与测量精度。该系统测量精度高,流量测量精度达到0.3%以上引射能力强,排气对风洞流场影响小,可模拟单路流量2.8kg/s,较原FL-8进气道试验能力提高50%以上,并且与原FL-8进气道试验系统结合使用,可实现三路进气道同时模拟。     

Twistor-based synchronous sliding mode control of spacecraft attitude and position

A synchronous control of relative attitude and position is required in separated ultra-quiet spacecraft, such as drag-free, disturbance-free, and distributed spacecraft. Thus, a twistor-based synchronous sliding mode control is investigated in this paper to solve the control problem of relative attitude and position among separated spacecraft modules. The twistor-based control design and the stability proof are implemented using the Modified Rodrigues Parameter (MRP). To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed control method, this paper presents a case study of separated spacecraft flying control considering the mass uncertainty and external disturbances. In addition, a simulation study of the Proportional-Derivative (PD) control is also presented for comparison. The results indicate that the twistor-based sliding mode controller can ensure global asymptotic stability. The states converge fast with ultra-precision and ultra-stability in both the attitude and position. Moreover, the proposed twistor-based sliding mode control system is robust to the mass uncertainty and external disturbances.     

An adaptive fast fixed-time guidance law with an impact angle constraint for intercepting maneuvering targets

Sliding mode guidance laws based on a conventional terminal sliding mode guarantees only finite-time convergence, which verifies that the settling time is required to be estimated by selecting appropriate initial launched conditions. However, rapid convergence to a desired impact angle within a uniform bounded finite time is important in most practical guidance applications. A uniformly finite-time/fixed-time convergent guidance law means that the convergence (settling) time is predefined independently on initial conditions, that is, a closed-loop convergence time can be estimated a priori by guidance parameters. In this paper, a novel adaptive fast fixed-time sliding mode guidance law to intercept maneuver targets at a desired impact angle from any initial heading angle, with no problems of singularity and chattering, is designed. The proposed guidance law achieves system stabilization within bounded settling time independent on initial conditions and achieves more rapid convergence than those of fixed-time stable control methods by accelerating the convergence rate when the system is close to the origin. The achieved acceleration-magnitude constraints are rigorously enforced, and the chattering-free property is guaranteed by adaptive switching gains. Extensive numerical simulations are presented to validate the efficiency and superiority of the proposed guidance law for different initial engagement geometries and impact angles.     

离心机精度对加速度计二次项标定精度的影响

离心机是标定高精度加速度计二次项系数(k2)的主要设备之一,其精度水平对k2标定精度具有重要影响。为揭示这种影响规律,指导测试设计,在常用的加速度计多项式模型基础上,建立了k2标定精度与离心机精度之间的数学模型,并利用MATLAB仿真。仿真结果表明,k2标定精度受离心机精度及其输出加速度幅度共同影响。在给定离心机精度的情况下,需要根据k2精度目标来设计离心机输出加速度范围,以免影响测试结果。