A formal approach using SysML for capturing functional requirements in avionics domain

In this work, a Model-Based Systems Engineering approach based on SysML is proposed. This approach is used for the capture and the definition of functional requirements in avionics domain. The motivation of this work is triple: guide the capture of functional requirements, validate these functional requirements through functional simulation, and verify efficiently the consistency of these functional requirements. The proposed approach is decomposed into several steps that are detailed to go from conceptual model of avionics domain to a formal functional model that can be simulated in its operating context. To achieve this work, a subset of SysML has been used as an intermediate modelling language to ensure progressive transformation that can be understood and agreed by system stakeholders. Formal concepts are introduced to ensure theoretical consistency of the approach. In addition, transformation rules are defined and the mappings between concepts of ARP4754A civil aircraft guidelines and SysML are formalized through meta-model. The resulting formalization enables engineers to perform functional simulation of the top-level functional architecture extracted from operational scenarios. Finally, the approach has been tested on an industrial avionics system called the Onboard Maintenance System.     

楼房软弱土层地基处理技术实例分析

结合工程实例,详细探讨了建筑工程地基软弱土层承载力不足的加固地基施工方法和技术措施,并对其施工效果进行了观测、验算和评析.     

大学生英语口语中使用话语联系语的错误浅析

话语联系语是英语语篇中实现衔接和语义上的连贯的一种主要手段，然而，其使用尤其是在英语口语中的使用却经常发生错误。论文从语篇衔接的角度结合实际口语语料对中国大学生在英语口语中使用话语联系语的错误进行了分析并发现，中国大学生在英语口语中使用话语联系语的错误主要表现为过度使用话语联系语从而导致语法错误或造成语篇逻辑不连贯。文章于口语实例分析中进一步探讨了造成这些错误的原因，最后简要说明了大学英语口语教学实践中如何减少话语联系语的错误使用，提高大学生对英语口语语篇连贯性的处理能力。     

C919飞机全机静力试验技术

介绍了C919大型客机全机静力试验的目的及任务需求，分析了试验特点和难点。从试验飞机支持、试验加载及控制、试验测量及监控、损伤检测及状态监测等方面制定了总体技术实现方案，验证结果表明试验系统可靠，技术实现方案满足任务要求。试验中采用了多项创新技术：试验综合加载平台设计技术优化了多系统集成，加快了试验准备速度，降低了试验准备风险；约束点误差转移控制技术将约束部位误差转移至非重点考核部位，提高了关键考核区域试验精度；机身双层地板双向加载技术优化了机身加载及扣重设计，改善了局部载荷的加载精度。技术成果为后续型号试验提供了较高参考价值。     

Numerical study on flow fields and aerodynamics of tilt rotor aircraft in conversion mode based on embedded grid and actuator model

A method combining rotor actuator disk model and embedded grid technique is presented in this paper, aimed at predicting the flow fields and aerodynamic characteristics of tilt rotor aircraft in conversion mode more efficiently and effectively. In this method, rotor's influence is considered in terms of the momentum it impacts to the fluid around it; transformation matrixes among different coordinate systems are deduced to extend actuator method's utility to conversion mode flow fields' calculation. Meanwhile, an embedded grid system is designed, in which grids generated around fuselage and actuator disk are regarded as background grid and minor grid respectively, and a new method is presented for ‘donor searching' and ‘hole cutting' during grid assembling. Based on the above methods, flow fields of tilt rotor aircraft in conversion mode are simulated, with threedimensional Navier–Stokes equations discretized by a second-order upwind finite-volume scheme and an implicit lower–upper symmetric Gauss–Seidel(LU-SGS) time-stepping scheme. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed CFD method is very effective in simulating the conversion mode flow fields of tilt rotor aircraft.     

基于S7-200 PLC的彩灯闪烁控制方案

通过分析彩灯的控制要求,设计了基于西门子S7-200可编程控制器的控制方案,对控制系统硬件进行了设计,选择了外围元器件,进行了I/O分配及外部接线,同时,利用其丰富的指令,给出了能够实现功能的四种控制方案,分析了使用效果。     

卫星通信地面终端射频一致性测试及仿真分析

介绍了卫星通信系统体制、地面终端的基带处理过程,以及发射机射频指标和测试算法,利用MATLAB和ADS软件搭建了基带信号生成模块、发射机模块,对终端发射机的发射功率、误差矢量幅度、占用带宽、邻道干扰进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,上变频器的射频带宽过小会使调制信号的误差矢量幅度增大,放大器工作在非线性区会对占用带宽和邻道干扰有较大影响,使发射机不满足射频一致性要求。本文的研究结果对设计卫星通信地面终端具有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于hp伪谱同伦凸优化的火箭垂直回收在线轨迹规划方法

针对可重复使用运载火箭垂直回收轨迹优化问题,提出了一种带有最优终端时间估计策略的hp伪谱同伦凸优化在线轨迹规划算法。首先,考虑状态约束和过程约束的非凸性,采用无损凸化处理推力幅值约束;然后,结合同伦方法与不动点迭代思想将气动力与非凸质量约束转化为线性时变剖面,完成问题凸化;进一步基于hp flipped Radau伪谱法对问题进行离散化处理,将最优控制问题转化为参数优化问题,进而采用原-对偶内点法求解;最后,为进一步减少燃料消耗,提升经济效益,考虑最优终端时间难以在线确定的问题,结合解析推导与二次插值法,设计了最优终端时间快速估计策略。仿真结果表明所设计的轨迹优化算法最优终端时间估计速度快,收敛性能良好,具有较高的精度和计算效率,具备在线应用的潜力。     

变形飞行器建模及控制方法研究综述

针对变形飞行器的发展现状、气动建模、动力学建模以及控制方法研究进行了综述。首先阐述了变形飞行器的定义及变形需求,再从四个方面梳理了变形飞行器的技术优势。针对不同的机翼变形方式,对飞行器各种变形技术的特点及发展现状进行了详细的分析与总结;将变形飞行器与固定外形飞行器的气动机理进行了对比分析,并对变形飞行器的动力学建模方法进行了梳理,总结了各种方法的特点;结合变形飞行器自身特性分析了飞行控制的特点及难点,并详细阐述了各类变形飞行器的控制研究进展。最后总结分析了变形飞行器的发展趋势：深化基础理论与技术研究,从材料、结构及控制等领域全方面朝着智能化方向发展,最终实现变形飞行器的工程化、自主化、智能化应用。