现代战斗机空战能力评估及敏感性分析

考虑四代机的特征并结合现代空战特点,建立适用于评估四代机空战能力的层次体系结构模型,结合层次分析法与模糊隶属度函数法进行空战效能的静态评估, 并提出了空战能力对结构模型中最底层各单项指标及同层各指标的敏感性概念和算法.以典型四代机和三代机为例,对构建的模型体系和评估方法进行了验证和细致分析,表明效能的静态评估具有合理性,并且通过效能值对指标的敏感性分析,能为战斗机升级和作战使用提供理论指导.     

一种新的民用飞机修理级别优化模型

修理级别分析(LORA)是飞机保障性分析的一个重要内容,是在设计阶段评估维修对飞机成本影响的一种系统分析方法。现有的LORA经济性分析模型对于系统寿命周期的维修费用考虑不够,且不适合民用飞机维修特点,基于此,提出了一个适合民用飞机维修规划三层三级的LORA经济性分析的数学模型,在此基础上,以最小化维修成本为目标建立了维修级别优化模型,并利用免疫粒子群算法超强的多变量、非线性及全局优化能力,对所提出的民机维修级别优化模型进行了求解。最后通过算例的比较分析,说明了本文LORA经济性分析模型的合理性以及模型求解算法的高效性。     

旋翼/涡轴发动机的自适应模型

基于卡尔曼滤波器研究旋翼/涡轴发动机的机载自适应模型.采用拟合法建立了状态变量模型,并将发动机性能蜕化参数作为增广的状态变量,设计了卡尔曼滤波器,从而可以根据可测参数的偏离量估计出发动机部件性能蜕化值,最后将部件性能蜕化值用于对机载模型中不可测性能参数的修正,从而使机载模型能适应发动机的非额定工作状况.通过数字仿真表明,建立的机载自适应模型能真实反映发动机的工作状况,并且在全包线范围内该模型都具有比较好的鲁棒性和实时性.     

基于韦尔奇功率谱的雷达辐射源信号识别

应用韦尔奇功率谱原理提取信号识别特征参数,根据提取出的参数特点设计信号识别流程模型。从多种信号中检测识别线性调频信号、相位编码信号、频率编码信号。分析了特征的适用范围和信号环境。仿真分析该特征提取算法和识别方法的可行性。     

氟化处理工艺对TiAl合金氧化层组织的影响

文章研究了氟离子注入和NH₄F溶液处理对TiAl合金高温氧化层组织结构的影响规律。结果表明:TiAl合金高温氧化层的组织和致密度受氟化处理工艺和参数的影响很大;经过表面氟化处理的TiAl合金高温氧化抗力高于原始合金;随着表面氟含量增加,氧化层的钛元素含量增加,致密度下降,研究表明存在一个最佳的表面氟浓度。     

轨/姿控火箭发动机推力矢量动态测试系统测量原理与动态性能

 基于国防和航天对轨/姿控火箭发动机脉冲推力矢量动态测试的重大需求,以压电石英为力敏,研制了压电式推力矢量动态测试系统。在探讨推力矢量描述参数及计算的基础上,提出了一种推力矢量测量方案。根据静力平衡原理,推导了求解推力矢量的一般方程。改进了非线性模态分析方法,以所获取的实际动态响应曲线为基础,建立了测试系统的理论动力学模型,利用拉普拉斯变换与逆变换、卷积定理,研究了系统的动态性能和脉冲推力测量性能。针对脉冲推力测量过程中所产生的误差,提出了一种基于理论动力学模型的加速度补偿算法。实验结果证明了测量方案和加速度补偿算法的可行性。     

多体航天器姿态机动的终端滑模复合控制方法研究

研究了带有多种运动附件的航天器姿态复合控制问题.选取典型的两刚体对象建立了完整的动力学模型,简要分析了本体与附件的耦合关系.针对标称本体动力学方程,设计了有限时间干扰观测器估计附件对本体的耦合扰动以及外部环境干扰,在终端滑模控制器中进行主动补偿,利用扩展的Lyapunov稳定性定理证明了本体控制系统的有限时间收敛性;为减小本体机动对附件指向的影响,在附件控制器中引入对本体角加速度的补偿.仿真结果表明,所设计的复合控制系统能够较好地估计并且补偿系统的总干扰,具有较高的控制精度和较快的系统响应.     

Flapping Characteristics of 2D Submerged Turbulent Jets in Narrow Channels

Flapping characteristics of the self-excited flapping motion of submerged vertical turbulent jet in narrow channels are studied theoretically and experimentally. It is found that the water depth is a most important parameter to the critical jet exit velocity and the jet flapping frequency. The results indicate that the critical jet exit velocity increases with water depth and the jet flapping frequency is inversely proportional to the water depth. Mean-while, experimental result also shows that the surface disturbance wave changes the frequency of flapping motion, i.e. the flapping frequency locks-in the disturbing frequency when the disturbing frequency is near and less than the natural flapping frequency.     

加强机务班组建设

一线机务班组是机务系统中的最基层组织,为保证航空安全必须使一线机务班组的管理具有有效性,以使团队在职业道德、工作效率、效益成果等有较为突出的表现。并使班组成员通过有效地管理个人能力得到提升,在团队中找到归属感与成就感。     

The application of micro-CT in monitoring bone alterations in tail-suspended rats in vivo

Osteopenia is a pathological process that affects human skeletal health not only on earth but also in long-time spaceflight. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a nondestructive method for assessing both bone quantity and bone quality. To investigate the characteristics of micro-CT on evaluating the microgravity-induced osteopenia (e.g. early detection time and the sensitive parameters), the bone loss process of tail-suspended rats was monitored by micro-CT in this study. 8-Week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups: tail suspension (TS) and control (CON). Volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and microstructure of the femur and tibia were evaluated in vivo by micro-CT at 0, 7, 14, 22 days. Biomechanical properties of the femur and tibia were determined by three-point bending test. The ash weight of bone was also investigated. The results showed that (1) bone loss in the proximal tibia appeared earlier than in the distal femur. (2) On day 7, the percent bone volume (BV/TV) of the tibia 15.44% decreased significantly, and the trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) 30.29% increased significantly in TS group, both of which were detected earlier than other parameters. (3) Biomechanical properties (e.g. femur, −22.4% maximum load and −23.75% Young’s modulus vs. CON) and ash weight of the femur and tibia decreased significantly in the TS group in comparison to CON group. (4) vBMD of the femur and tibia were clearly related to bone ash and dry weight (r = 0.75–0.87, p < 0.05). (5) BV/TV of both femur and tibia were clearly related to maximum load and Young’s modulus (r = 0.66–0.87, p < 0.05). Similarly, trabecular vBMD and BV/TV of the femur and tibia were clearly related to Young’s modulus (r = 0.73–0.89, p < 0.05). These indicated that BV/TV and Tb.Sp were more sensitive than other parameters for evaluating bone loss induced by tail suspension, moreover, trabecular vBMD and other parameters might be used to evaluate bone strength. Therefore, micro-CT is a reliable and sensitive method for predicting unloading-induced bone loss in small animals.