Experiment on a Double-Foot Stepping Piezoelectric Linear Motor

A novel double-foot piezoelectric linear motor is proposed.The kinematic model of the motor under stepping motion is presented.The motor mainly consists of a stator with four piezoelectric stacks,a mover,a holding mechanism,and a preloading mechanism to achieve large stroke with high resolution.Finite element simulations are carried out to analyze the motion characteristics of the motor.A prototype is fabricated and a serial experiments are conducted to validate the feasibility of the motor principle.Experimental results indicate that the motor can move at a speed of 670.22μm/s with a driving frequency of 120 Hz and a voltage of 120 V.The resolution of the proposed motor is 3.6μm while the resolution of the single-step motion is 0.1μm.     

Near real-time PPP-based monitoring of the ionosphere using dual-frequency GPS/BDS/Galileo data

Ionosphere delay is very important to GNSS observations, since it is one of the main error sources which have to be mitigated even eliminated in order to determine reliable and precise positions. The ionosphere is a dispersive medium to radio signal, so the value of the group delay or phase advance of GNSS radio signal depends on the signal frequency. Ground-based GNSS stations have been used for ionosphere monitoring and modeling for a long time. In this paper we will introduce a novel approach suitable for single-receiver operation based on the precise point positioning (PPP) technique. One of the main characteristic is that only carrier-phase observations are used to avoid particular effects of pseudorange observations. The technique consists of introducing ionosphere ambiguity parameters obtained from PPP filter into the geometry-free combination of observations to estimate ionospheric delays. Observational data from stations that are capable of tracking the GPS/BDS/GALILEO from the International GNSS Service (IGS) Multi-GNSS Experiments (MGEX) network are processed. For the purpose of performance validation, ionospheric delays series derived from the novel approach are compared with the global ionospheric map (GIM) from Ionospheric Associate Analysis Centers (IAACs). The results are encouraging and offer potential solutions to the near real-time ionosphere monitoring.     

“卓越计划”背景下空管专业师资队伍建设

"卓越工程师教育培养计划"是高等工程教育实现跨越的关键突破口。基于当前存在的空管专业高等教育现状中的问题,结合"卓越计划"目标和要求,中国民航大学在前期探究和实践基础上,利用校企联合等多种模式建设"专业化、工程化、国际化"的师资队伍,使教师的综合素质得到提高,对当前高等工程教育师资队伍的建设有一定的借鉴意义。     

Analysis of precipitable water vapour characteristics from GNSS measurements during the snow season in Liaoning Province,China

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) remote sensing precipitable water vapour (PWV) data from November 2015 to March 2019 were combined with snowfall observation data and used to analyse PWV characteristics in Liaoning Province during the snow season (from November to March the following year) and their relationship with snowfall. The potential of using GNSS for PWV measurements was demonstrated using sounding data with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9 and a mean bias error lower than 0.5 mm. According to the GNSS PWV data gathered at 30-min intervals from 68 GNSS stations in Liaoning during the snow season, the monthly PWV average was highest in November and lowest in January. Negative correlations were found between PWV and altitude. Most of the water vapour was concentrated in the low layer of the atmosphere, and the contribution of this vapour to the PWV was higher during the snow season than in summer. A total of 43 snow cases were identified using the snowfall records from 53 GNSS stations, and the characteristics of PWV during these snowfalls were analysed. An increase in PWV was observed before snowfall events. Moreover, the influence of synoptic systems and air mass origins on PWV was analysed based on National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results show that the water vapour condition was better when the synoptic systems or air masses came from areas south of Liaoning.     

几何对称横向射流入射对尾喷流红外辐射特征抑制的数值研究

降低高温核心区长度是减小尾喷流红外辐射的有效途径。针对某轴对称收敛喷管,研究1种横向射流主动强化尾喷流掺混与红外抑制技术,采用横向射流技术强化外流与热喷流的掺混,通过数值模拟方法研究了2股横向射流喷射频率与流量变化对强化尾喷流掺混与红外抑制特性的影响规律。结果表明:在与横向射流流动方向垂直的探测面上尾喷流辐射强度衰降明显,探测角度为90°时红外辐射强度衰降可达48%。随着2股射流流量差的减小,强化掺混与红外抑制效果逐渐增强。     

基于支持向量回归代理模型的气动力优化设计

目前,气动力优化设计中通常基于经验风险最小化原则构建代理模型,预测精度的提高需要更多的训练样本,计算代价较大,同时盲目降低代理模型的训练误差难以避免过学习问题。针对上述问题,首先提出采用支持向量回归(SVR)方法基于结构风险最小化原则构建代理模型的思路,然后对测试函数和翼型阻力进行预测,最后对某型运输机机翼进行优化设计试验。结果表明:与其他代理模型对比,基于SVR的代理模型在小样本情况下具有较好的泛化能力,并且能够快速准确地预测气动特性,在飞机优化设计中,可以提高工作效率,优化结果可靠、可控。     

高阶精度方法下的湍流生成项对跨声速流动数值模拟的影响研究

利用五阶空间离散精度的WCNS格式和多块结构网格技术,通过求解雷诺平均NS方程,开展了SST两方程模型不同湍流生成项组合方式对跨声速流动数值模拟影响的计算分析。研究的主要目的是为高阶精度格式在复杂外形上的工程应用提供技术支撑。计算模型采用了RAE2822超临界翼型和DLR-F6翼身组合体构型。研究内容主要包括不同湍流生成项对残差收敛历程、边界层湍流粘性系数分布、边界层速度分布、压力系数分布以及模型整体气动力特性的影响。不同湍流生成项组合方式的流场计算结果还与风洞试验数据进行了对比。研究结果表明:对于小迎角不存在明显分离的跨声速流动,不同湍流生成项对流场的高精度计算结果的影响很小,可以不用考虑。     

基于声波传播时间估计的气流速度测量方法

 为实现对亚声速和超声速气流速度的统一测量,提出了一种基于声传感器的新型测量方法。首先,根据声波在亚声速和超声速气流中的传播特性,利用特定的测量装置建立了声波传播时间与气流速度之间的数学模型,从而将气流速度的测量问题转化为声波传播时间的测量问题。然后,在此基础上,利用计时法和最大似然估计(MLE)方法来估计声波传播时间;其中,计时法在实时性上优势明显,而MLE方法则在可靠性上优于前者。最后,分别从阵元位置扰动性、计时误差和克拉美-罗界(CRB)3个方面对所提算法的性能进行了分析与仿真验证。结果表明,该算法能够实现对亚声速和超声速气流速度的精确测量。     

改进的Mori-Tanaka法在复合推进剂非线性界面脱粘中的应用

针对复合固体推进剂基体的大变形和界面的脱粘问题,对Mori-Tanaka法进行了改进.同时,为验证该方法的有效性,针对推进剂颗粒随机填充的特点,提出了一种含非线性界面脱粘的数值方法.最后以某推进剂配方为算例,对2种方法的计算结果进行了比较.结果表明,2种方法结果接近,从而验证了改进的Mori-Tanaka法的有效性,且...     

水平风洞模型自由飞试验技术研究现状及展望

介绍国外水平风洞模型自由飞试验技术研究现状,阐述水平风洞模型自由飞试验平台的组成、作用与意义,重点展望该试验技术的应用前景。对试验平台中动力相似模型设计加工技术、动力模拟技术、舵机运动控制技术、模型姿态实时精确测量技术、飞行控制系统设计与集成技术等关键技术问题进行分析,对发展该试验技术具有指导作用。完善水平风洞模型自由飞试验技术,把传统风洞试验拓展到流动-飞行-控制一体化试验,有利于全面研究和充分挖掘飞行器的气动性能与控制性能,对新一代飞机器的发展、新概念新技术的工程应用将起到重要的推动作用。