平板叶片斜撞击瞬态响应的计算分析

采用有限元法,对平板叶片在不同鸟撞击角度下的非线性瞬态响应进行了数值分析研究.结果表明,平板叶片在不同撞击角度下的弯曲变形、到达最大变形的时间及残余变形随着撞击角度的增加而增大;平板叶片的扭转变形随着撞击角度的增加先增大后减少,撞击角度在小于30°及90°附近对平板叶片的扭转变形影响很小.     

体育场挑蓬风荷载模拟实验研究

能容纳五万多观众的浙江省黄龙体育中心主体育场,在观众席上建有能遮挡风雨的挑蓬,挑蓬之大达座席覆盖率９０％以上,总面积２１０００ｍ２。挑蓬被支撑在外环梁和由斜拉索吊拉的内环梁上。大跨度梁结构受力问题,是建筑结构业一个十分复杂的问题,而杭州地区的地理位置处于我国的台风区,更显出风荷载影响的严重性。因此需对体育场置于大气边界层风洞中进行风荷载模拟实验,以取得合理的挑蓬体型系数,为结构设计的合理性和可靠性提供重要依据。最终可以节省建筑物的造价。     

求解广义特征值反问题的数值方法

讨论一类广义特征值反问题的数值解法,这类问题包括加法、乘法和经典特征值反问题作为其特殊情况。基于行列式和最小奇异值的计算,文中给出了求解这类问题的两个二次收敛的数值方法,描述了在出现重特征值的情况下如何改进其中的一个方法以保持二次收敛性,并且给出了两个数值例子以解释收敛性结果     

一种利用振动台模拟准静态环境的试验方法

文章介绍了一种利用振动台系统进行准静态环境模拟的试验方法,即正弦-脉冲(Sine-Burst)试验方法.正弦-脉冲试验是将准静态载荷施加到试件上,来验证试件的强度和飞行设计的合理性.文章介绍了正弦脉冲试验的基本原理、实现方法及实施步骤,并给出了一个模拟试验的实例.     

一种光学自准直仪快速对准读数的新方法

对各种转台的角度定位误差进行检测时,光学自准直仪和多面棱体配合法是目前最常用的方法。检测过程中尤其是在距离较大或需要五棱镜改变光路时,自准直仪的对准工作需要测试人员花费很多的时间完成,效率极为低下。本文提出了一种利用激光实现自准直仪对准的新方法。实验证明,该方法极大地降低了对准难度,提高了检测效率。     

Stifness modeling and analysis of a novel 4-DOF PKM for manufacturing large components

Faster response to orientation varying is one of the outstanding abilities of a parallel kinematic machine（PKM）.It enables such a system to act as a reconfgurable module employed to machine large components effciently.The stiffness formulation and analysis are the beforehand key tasks for its parameters design.A novel PKM with four degrees of freedom（DOFs）is proposed in this paper.The topology behind it is 2PUS-2PRS parallel mechanism.Its semianalytical stiffness model is frstly obtained,where the generalized Jacobian matrix of 2PUS-2PRS is formulated with the help of the screw theory and the stiffness coeffcients of complicated components are estimated by integrating fnite element analysis and numerical ftting.Under the help of the model,it is predicted that the property of system stiffness distributes within the given workspace,which features symmetry about a certain plane and is also verifed by performing fnite element analysis of the virtual prototype.Furthermore,key parameters affecting the system stiffness are identifed through sensitivity analysis.These provide insights for further optimization design of this PKM.     

联立法求解月面上升段最优轨迹的快速收敛控制技术

为了更好地解决复杂约束下的航天器月面上升段在线轨迹规划问题,提出了一种求解最优轨迹的联立框架。首先利用有限元正交配置法将状态变量和控制变量完全离散化,得到一个非线性规划命题。考虑到命题中含有较多的不等式约束并且会随着有限元的增加而增加,故采用内点算法对非线性规划命题进行求解。离散化后的非线性规划命题的规模大幅度增加,导致了优化计算难度的加大和求解时间的增加,为了便于联立法的在线应用,采用收敛深度控制策略从平衡解的精度和计算效率的角度来改进优化算法的实时性。以某航天器载人返回任务月面上升段场景为算例进行仿真,结果表明基于联立法求得的最优控制量序列得到的飞行轨迹满足轨道根数的精度要求,同时利用收敛深度控制策略可以实现快速收敛控制。     

氙离子推力器束流分布特性研究

建立了离子推力器束流分布的高斯模型,以200mm氙离子推力器为例,在不同工作环境下对推力器束流分布进行了数值模拟,并通过试验测量了推力器引出切面不同位置(轴向z=50mm,z=100mm)下的径向束电流密度和束离子密度分布。通过对数值模拟结果与试验测量结果的比较,误差为17%,认为数值模拟结果与试验测量结果吻合较好。表明离子推力器引出束流呈轴对称分布,在推力器出口附近,束离子密度很大,越往下游,密度越小且束流出现发散。     

The role of AVDR in linear cascade testing

Linear cascade testing plays an important role in the research and development of turbomachinery and is widely used over the world.The ideal cascade model of a turbomachinery blade row is two-dimensional.In actual linear cascade testing, the flow through the test section converges due to the development of the boundary layer and secondary flow along the sidewall surfaces of the test section.Axial velocity density ratio(AVDR) is adopted to account for the deviation of the tested cascade flow from the ideal 2D model.Among numerous published cascade works, the influence of AVDR on cascade performance is seen to be complicated with many affecting factors, such as those related to cascade/blade geometry and flow conditions.Also, controlling AVDR is limited by the facility capability.Furthermore, real blade-to-blade flow in turbomachines is usually associated with AVDR greater than unity due to limited span of blades between the hub and shroud such that cascade testing without reducing AVDR could be favored sometimes.All these facets add complexity and diversification to the matter.The current paper reviews previous studies and results on AVDR.Consolidated understanding on the role of AVDR and recommendations on how to deal with it in linear cascade testing are provided.      

高性能的标准单元库设计

从仿真和流片两个方面对标准单元库的验证方法进行了研究.在仿真方面,提出了采用静态时序分析工具和SPICE仿真工具对单元的估算值和仿真结果进行比较分析的方法来验证,同时还给出了具体的操作步骤实例.在流片验证中,提出了一种非常有效的电路结构.这种电路结构不但能够准确验证时序,还能极大地减少PAD数量;最重要的特点是:该电路能够完全避免PAD和非被测单元的引入带来的额外延迟,从而得到准确的被测单元延迟.