基于非湍流脉动动能方程的高超声速转捩预测

通过求解基于稳定性理论的非湍流脉动动能输运方程,预测了来流Ma为5.91的裙锥绕流流动的层流-湍流转捩点,并采用SST(Shear-Stress Transport)湍流模型结合代数间歇因子模型对转捩流场进行了数值模拟.结果表明非湍流脉动动能输运方程模型可以很好地捕捉逆压梯度对转捩前期边界层内的不稳定波动频率的影响.等温壁面条件下计算得到的转捩位置与静风洞实验结果基本一致.壁面冷却促进第2模态不稳定波动的增长,使转捩提前发生.代数间歇因子模型模拟高马赫数流动的转捩区长度较短,温度峰值偏低.     

动载对管内汽水两相流流阻、空隙率和传热的影响

利用旋转平台对动载作用下单相水和沸腾两相流流动及传热特性进行了实验研究.通过改变旋转速度、入口温度、液体流量等参数,获得了静止和旋转2种状态下的单相水及沸腾两相流实验数据.对旋转状态下的管内两相流型进行可视化拍摄,得到了动载作用下的两相流型图.结果表明,过载方向与流动方向相反时,过载越大,管内压力和流阻越大,液相流量、空隙率和流体得热量越小.可见,动载阻碍流体向前流动,强化了管外散热,削弱了管内流体的相变换热能力.     

基于功能核磁共振成像的右脑额下回情绪处理

视觉刺激引起的情绪唤起是日常生活中的一种常见现象。本文通过功能核磁共振成像了解与视觉情绪刺激相关的脑功能归属。15位女性在其一个月经周期内接受了3次或更多的功能核磁共振扫描,实验中视觉刺激的形式包括成人影片与图片,平均所有测试结果得到了平均脑兴奋图。在平均脑兴奋图中可以发现,图片和影片形式的刺激均能有效地引起额下回的兴奋,与其他的兴奋脑区不同,呈现明显的右侧优势。根据实验结果,本文首次提出了右脑额下回在视觉感情信息处理中起到一定的作用,并且提出大脑额下回功能的优势化是双向而不是单向（向左侧）集中的。     

旋翼前后行侧桨-涡干扰噪声辐射特性

基于Beddoes修正尾迹模型,推导了一个新的旋翼桨-涡干扰(Blade-vortex interaction,BVI)噪声源方向性预测和BVI噪声辐射特性分析的模型,为更好地研究桨-涡干扰噪声的参数影响,提供了一套计算方法.该方法由移动的桨尖涡和旋转的桨叶相遇来确定桨-涡干扰的位置,由相交点的桨叶和涡线相对位置得出BVI夹角、轨迹马赫数等重要参数的计算公式.应用所建立的方法,首先针对有相关结果可供对比的BVI源发生位置进行了算例计算,以验证方法的有效性.然后,着重对直升机前飞状态的旋翼BVI噪声的发生进行了预测,深入分析了在旋翼前行侧和后行侧BVI噪声源的方向性和BVI噪声的辐射规律,并研究了前进比等参数对BVI噪声传播方向性的影响.在此基础上,得出了一些新的结论.     

测压导管内颗粒沉积的机理及抑制方法

针对固体火箭发动机测压导管内二相流动开展了数值分析,揭示了测压导管末端压强滞后现象的内在机理。在此基础上,提出了抑制方案,并开展了实验研究。结果表明,凝聚相颗粒在导管内壁面发生沉积形成的沉积物,可能会导致导管内燃气流通发生壅塞现象。这是引发导管末端压强滞后的主要原因,沉积物的形成主要发生在发动机点火上升阶段。基于流-固分离原理提出的抑制方案,通过有效减小进入导管内颗粒的质量,可解决测压导管末端压强的滞后问题。     

Reliability Sensitivity Algorithm Based on Stratified Importance Sampling Method for Multiple Failure Modes Systems

 Combining the advantages of the stratified sampling and the importance sampling, a stratified importance sampling method (SISM) is presented to analyze the reliability sensitivity for structure with multiple failure modes. In the presented method, the variable space is divided into several disjoint subspace by n-dimensional coordinate planes at the mean point of the random vector, and the importance sampling functions in the subspaces are constructed by keeping the sampling center at the mean point and augmenting the standard deviation by a factor of l. The sample size generated from the importance sampling function in each subspace is determined by the contribution of the subspace to the reliability sensitivity, which can be estimated by it-erative simulation in the sampling process. The formulae of the reliability sensitivity estimation, the variance and the coeffi-cient of variation are derived for the presented SISM. Comparing with the Monte Carlo method, the stratified sampling method and the importance sampling method, the presented SISM has wider applicability and higher calculation efficiency, which is demonstrated by numerical examples. Finally, the reliability sensitivity analysis of flap structure is illustrated that the SISM can be applied to engineering structure.     

关于粘滞迭代的一个强收敛定理

在一致光滑的Banach空间E中,C是E中非空闭凸子集,f：C→C是压缩映像,T：D→C是非扩张映像且不动点集合F（T）非空,x0∈C是任一初始点,由粘滞迭代xn＋1=αnf（xn）＋（1-αn）Txn构造的序列{xn}在｜Tzn-xn-zn-xn｜=0（βa）条件下强收敛于T在C中的不动点。     

旋转对带斜肋和双排孔通道孔流量系数影响

为了获得工作叶片内部通道布置斜肋情况下的气膜孔流量系数,利用商业软件对带60°肋和双排气膜孔出流的旋转矩形通道内的流场进行了数值模拟.通道入口雷诺为数60 000,罗斯贝数为0,0.11,0.22,气膜孔总出流比0.22.通道静止时,计算结果与实验数据符合较好,左侧孔和右侧孔的流量系数差别不大.通道顺时针旋转时,两个孔的平均流量系数增加90%左右,左侧孔流量系数是右侧孔流量系数的4～5倍.通道逆时针旋转时,两个孔的平均流量系数减小10%左右,左侧孔和右侧孔流量系数基本相同.      

湍流模型对压气机数值模拟精度的影响

开发了一个求解叶轮机全三维黏性流场的程序,采用了目前叶轮机数值模拟中常用的且模拟性能较好的三种湍流模型:k-ε模型,k-ω模型,Spalart-Allmaras(S-A)模型,计算了跨声压气机NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Rotor 37的流场,并与实验进行了性能参数、三维流场和角区流动的对比分析.考察在相同的数值计算平台上进行比较这几个湍流模型对压气机的数值模拟性能的影响.最终结果表明:对于具有强剪切、存在分离流的复杂的叶轮机三维流场来说,k-ω模型数值模拟精度更高,相比其他两个模型具有一定的优势.      

Effects of Boundary Layer Suction on Aerodynamic Performance in a High-load Compressor Cascade

This article is aimed to experimentally validate the beneficial effects of boundary layer suction on improving the aerodynamic performance of a compressor cascade with a large camber angle. The flow field of the cascade is measured and the ink-trace flow visualization is also presented. The experimental results show that the boundary layer suction reduces losses near the area of midspan in the cascade most effectively for all suction cases under test. Losses of the endwall could remarkably decrease only when the suction is at the position where the boundary layer has separated but still not departed far away from the blade surface. It is evidenced that the higher suction flow rate and the suction position closer to the trailing edge result in greater reduction in losses and the maximum reduction in the total pressure loss accounts to 16.5% for all cases. The suction position plays a greater role in affecting the total pressure loss than the suction flow rate does.