Online condition diagnosis for a two-stage gearbox machinery of an aerospace utilization system using an ensemble multi-fault features indexing approach

China manned space station is designed to operate for over ten years. Long-term and sustainable research on space science and technology will be conducted during its operation. The application payloads must meet the ‘‘long life and high reliability" mission requirement. Gearbox machinery is one of the essential devices in an aerospace utilization system, failure of which may lead to downtime loss even during some disastrous catastrophes. A fault diagnosis of gearbox has attracted attentions for its significance in preventing catastrophic accidents and guaranteeing sufficient maintenance. A novel fault diagnosis method based on the Ensemble Multi-Fault Features Indexing(EMFFI) approach is proposed for the condition monitoring of gearboxes. Different from traditional methods of signal analysis in the one-dimensional space, this study employs a supervised learning method to determine the faults of a gearbox in a two-dimensional space using the classification model established by training the features extracted automatically from diagnostic vibration signals captured. The proposed method mainly includes the following steps. First, the vibration signals are transformed into a bi-spectrum contour map utilizing bi-spectrum technology,which provides a basis for the following image-based feature extraction. Then, Speeded-Up Robustness Feature(SURF) is applied to automatically extract the image feature points of the bi-spectrum contour map using a multi-fault features indexing theory, and the feature dimension is reduced by Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA). Finally, Random Forest(RF) is introduced to identify the fault types of the gearbox. The test results verify that the proposed method based on the multi-fault features indexing approach achieves the target of high diagnostic accuracy and can serve as a highly effective technique to discover faults in a gearbox machinery such as a two-stage one.     

Prediction of cutting forces in flank milling of parts with non-developable ruled surfaces

Predicting the cutting forces required for five-axis flank milling is a challenging task due to the difficulties involved in determining the Undeformed Chip Thickness(UCT) and CutterWorkpiece Engagement(CWE). To solve these problems, this paper presents a new mechanistic cutting force model based on the geometrical analysis of a flank milling process. In the model,the part feature and corresponding cutting location data are taken as input information. The UCT considering cutter runout is calculated according to the instantaneous feed rate of the element cutting edges. A solid-discrete-based method is used to precisely and efficiently identify the CWE between the end mill and the surface being machined. Then, after calibrating the specific force coef-ficients, the mechanistic milling force can be obtained. During the validation process, two practical operations, three-axis flank milling of a vertical surface and five-axis flank milling of a nondevelopable ruled surface, are conducted. Comparisons between predicted and measured cutting forces demonstrate the reliability of the proposed cutting force model.     

冲压发动机燃烧室多斜孔隔热屏的冷却特性

用数值模拟的方法,研究了冲压发动机燃烧室隔热屏多斜孔冷却特性及设计方法.首先计算了冲压发动机燃烧室采用无孔隔热屏时隔热屏的温度分布,在此基础上根据高温区的分布设计了多斜孔隔热屏孔阵的分布(方案A),然后计算得到了多斜孔隔热屏的温度分布.采用类似的方法又经过2次多斜孔分布的改进(方案B、方案C),取得了冷却效果较好的多斜孔非均匀分布方案.研究结果表明:采用此设计方法在冷却流量由A方案的17.45%降低到方案C的14.99%的情况下,隔热屏最低冷却效率由方案A的70%提高到方案C的85%.      

某型直升机飞行控制系统仿真研究

介绍了基于M ATLAB开发的某型直升机飞行控制系统仿真软件包及快速原型的开发,说明了系统各单元的模型及系统仿真的实现。并对飞控系统的所有功能进行了仿真验证,仿真结果表明,控制系统的设计合理可行。在某型直升机飞行控制系统的设计过程中,本软件取得了较好的效果,对控制律的设计及验证发挥了较好的作用。     

钇对Ti-23Al-25Nb合金压缩性能的影响

采用SEM和XRD分析热处理后合金试样的显微组织及相组成,用TEM分析原始组织中钇的存在方式.结果表明,钇在原始组织中以Y2O3形式存在;钇增加O相衍射峰,提高Ti-23Al-25Nb合金压缩性能,如抗压强度、压缩率等,钇的强化作用是由于Y2O3第二相粒子强化和钇细化晶粒的晶界强化共同作用的结果.     

基于地标信息的车载惯导姿态修正技术

惯导与速率计构成的组合系统是机动作战车辆较常使用的自主定位定向系统,其惯导姿态精度将直接影响组合定位精度。文章利用车辆运动途中的地标信息,讨论了车载惯导姿态误差估计与修正技术,通过仿真分析了地标位置与车辆零速信息在惯导姿态修正过程中的作用。结果表明：利用地标信息是进行车载惯导姿态修正较为实用的途径,在此基础上可以有效提高车载惯导／速率计组合定位系统的精度。     

一种针对交互式软件的功能测试方法

交互式软件的功能是通过复杂的人机交互完成的,目前的功能测试常常只考虑软件的界面信息,而不考虑软件的具体需求和逻辑实现流程,这就导致测试巾随意性较大,测试过程难以有序进行。针对这种情况,文章提出了一种基于数据流图的功能测试方法,依据交互式软件的需求规约和用户界面,以数据的流向来组织功能测试过程。     

一类静不稳定系统的预测控制方法研究

碟形飞行器是一类较为特别的静不稳定系统,在系统数学模型存在较大偏差的情况下,常规的预测控制设计思路难以获得理想控制效果。针对这类系统,论文提出了一种预测控制设计方法,并利用该方法设计了碟形飞行器变质量矩,推力矢量复合控制的预测控制系统。仿真表明,当飞行器存在建模误差时,该系统仍能够获得较好的控制性能。     

模拟飞机迎风面三维积冰的数学模型

针对飞机迎风面的积冰建立了三维积冰模型,给出了模型的求解方法和求解步骤.该模型不但可以模拟明冰积冰、霜冰积冰和不结冰三种情况下的冰层生长,还可以模拟未凝结水膜在冰层表面的流动,而且在求解过程中可以自动判断过冷水滴撞击到迎风面以后的积冰形态.利用该模型数值模拟了翼型与平板相正交而形成的简单三维结构上的积冰过程,并将所得结果中翼型上三维冰形的二维截面与美国航空航天局(NASA)的冰形进行了对比,获得了较好的一致性,证实了所建立的积冰模型是合理的.      

降低表面温度和发射率抑制排气系统红外辐射的研究

为了降低涡扇发动机轴对称排气系统的红外辐射特征,研究了降低排气系统腔体表面温度和发射率抑制红外辐射的规律。首先通过模拟实验研究了对中心锥进行冷却和涂覆低发射率涂层的红外抑制效果;然后用实验数据对本文使用的红外辐射特征计算方法和程序进行了验证;最后通过数值计算研究了典型尺寸的涡扇发动机排气系统降温和发射率分布对红外辐射特征的影响规律。结果表明：降低中心锥等部件的温度和发射率可明显降低排气系统在α〈15°范围内的红外辐射强度;若中心锥的温度降低100K,中心锥、涡轮和径向稳定器等部件的表面发射率降至0.2,则排气系统尾向的红外辐射强度可降低40%以上,探测距离缩短20%左右。