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601.
Marios N. Avraamides Marios Theodorou Andri Agathokleous Andia Nicolaou 《Spatial Cognition & Computation》2013,13(1):50-78
Abstract Three experiments were conducted to examine whether people can adopt and maintain imagined perspectives in the absence of target information. The task used entailed providing information about an imagined perspective in advance of target information to examine whether this would facilitate perspective-taking performance and reduce or eliminate alignment effects that are commonly reported in the literature. The three experiments employed different types of spatial environments: an environment learned from navigating a computer screen (Experiment 1), and an immersive environment that was either remote (Experiment 2) or immediate (Experiment 3) at the time of retrieval. Across the three experiments, results showed that information about an imagined perspective can be utilized ahead of target information. Furthermore, they suggested that alignment effects can be reduced as a result of processing information about perspective ahead of target information, but only when reasoning about specific nonimmediate spatial relations (Experiments 1 and 2). Results are discussed in connection with previous findings on spatial updating and the organizational structure of spatial memory. 相似文献
602.
The paper describes the first results of all-sky polarization measurements of the twilight background started in central Russia in the very beginning of summer 2011. Time-frequency data of the sky intensity and polarization over a wide range of sky point zenith distances are used to separate single and multiple scattering and construct the altitude dependence of the scattering coefficient and polarization in the mesosphere (altitudes from 60 to 90 km) at different angles. The undisturbed structure of the mesosphere without noticeable aerosol stratification on observation days makes it possible to estimate the temperature of the atmosphere at these altitudes. 相似文献
603.
A two-way, noncoherent spacecraft navigation technique has been developed to provide velocity accuracy comparable to that available from a deep space coherent transponder (0.1 mm/s). The technique is compatible with the normal tracking procedures of the Deep Space Network (DSN) ground stations and does not require the use of a highly stable oscillator on-board the spacecraft. The measurement technique, potential error sources, and test results obtained with prototype hardware are described 相似文献
604.
The remote sensing of comets in the ultraviolet bandpass has been a valuable tool for studying the structure, composition,
variability, and physical processes at work in cometary comae. By extension, these studies of comae have revealed key insights
into the composition of cometary nuclei. Here we briefly review the ultraviolet studies of comets, and then take a look toward
the future of such work as anticipated by the advent of several key new instruments.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
605.
Using empirical velocity distributions derived from UVCS and SUMER ultraviolet spectroscopy, we construct theoretical models
of anisotropic ion temperatures in the polar solar corona. The primary energy deposition mechanism we investigate is the dissipation
of high frequency (10-10000 Hz) ion-cyclotron resonant Alfvén waves which can heat and accelerate ions differently depending
on their charge and mass. We find that it is possible to explain the observed high perpendicular temperatures and strong anisotropies
with relatively small amplitudes for the resonant waves. There is suggestive evidence for steepening of the Alfvén wave spectrum
between the coronal base and the largest heights observed spectroscopically. Because the ion-cyclotron wave dissipation is
rapid, even for minor ions like O5+, the observed extended heating seems to demand a constantly replenished population of waves over several solar radii. This
indicates that the waves are generated gradually throughout the wind rather than propagated up from the base of the corona.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
606.
Wendy N. Whitman Cobb 《Space Policy》2011,27(4):234-239
Using data from the General Social Survey, this research identifies the issue public of US space policy. Highlighting the need to understand and identify the portion of the public that supports space activities, this study underscores the limited appeal of space for the public as a whole. We find that those who support space activities tend to be younger, male, Republican, and have a higher level of education and socioeconomic status. Because these characteristics make up a relatively small proportion of the American population, those supporting space activities must broaden the appeal of space, making it more accessible and understandable for those with whom the issue does not have much saliency. 相似文献
607.
Horan S. Minnix T.O. Vigil J.S. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1999,35(4):1173-1182
Small satellites have been perceived as having limited access to NASA's Space Network (SN). The potential for satellite access of the Space Network when the design utilizes a fixed antenna configuration and low-power, coded transmission is analyzed. From the analysis, satellites using this configuration in high-inclination orbits are shown to have a daily data throughput in the 100 to 1000 Mbit range using the multiple access communications service 相似文献
608.
Future space exploration may involve communications between spacecraft moving at relativistic velocities. One of the significant problems associated with such communication is spectral distortion of signals which are propagated between relativistic frames. This distortion is generated by both changing propagation distances and purely relativistic electromagnetic field transformations. In this paper a linear integral transformation is formulated for relating the Fourier spectra of the source antenna excitation current and the resulting incident electric field at the receiving antenna. The kernel of the transformation is evaluated for the case of a steerable source antenna tracking on the advanced receiver position. The transformation is then applied to the case of an ideal thin-wire half-wave dipole source antenna excited by a narrowband, double-sideband modulated current. The specific distortions of spectral spreading and translation are then related to increased bandwidth and upper cutoff frequency requirements of receiving systems in relativistic applications. 相似文献
609.
Kapoor R. Banerjee A. Tsihrintzis G.A. Nandhakumar N. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1999,35(3):819-834
We address the problem of detection of targets obscured by a forest canopy using an ultrawideband (UWB) radar. The forest clutter observed in the radar imagery is a highly impulsive random process that is more accurately modeled with the recently proposed class of alpha-stable processes as compared with Gaussian, Weibull, and K-distribution models. With this more accurate model, segmentation is performed on the imagery into forest and clear regions. Further, a region-adaptive symmetric alpha stable (SαS) constant false-alarm rate (CFAR) detector is introduced and its performance is compared with the Weibull and Gaussian CFAR detectors. The results on real data show that the SαS CFAR performs better than the Weibull and Gaussian CFAR detectors in detecting obscured targets 相似文献
610.
For large military R&D Projects, Contract Definition type contracts are meeting the cost-effectiveness challenge by an intensive study of the total value considerations in a project before it starts. This has extended the application of total value concepts throughout all project activities and broadened their scope. Total value concepts are discussed and applied to various aspects of system effectiveness. The effects of configuration, reliability, and system availability upon overall costs are considered, and cost vs. performance optimization curves are shown. Practical measures of service life are calculated. Break-even curves relating acquisition and operational costs are shown. A decision matrix method for assessing system value is included. A case study graphically showing the effects of value considerations on a typical radar antenna tower is contained in the paper. 相似文献