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排序方式: 共有282条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
111.
Helmut Lammer James F. Kasting Eric Chassefière Robert E. Johnson Yuri N. Kulikov Feng Tian 《Space Science Reviews》2008,139(1-4):399-436
The origin and evolution of Venus’, Earth’s, Mars’ and Titan’s atmospheres are discussed from the time when the active young Sun arrived at the Zero-Age-Main-Sequence. We show that the high EUV flux of the young Sun, depending on the thermospheric composition, the amount of IR-coolers and the mass and size of the planet, could have been responsible that hydrostatic equilibrium was not always maintained and hydrodynamic flow and expansion of the upper atmosphere resulting in adiabatic cooling of the exobase temperature could develop. Furthermore, thermal and various nonthermal atmospheric escape processes influenced the evolution and isotope fractionation of the atmospheres and water inventories of the terrestrial planets and Saturn’s large satellite Titan efficiently. 相似文献
112.
Committee on Space Policy H.Guyford Stever Laurence J. Adams Consultant Retired President William A. Anders Senior Executive Vice President Arden L. Bement Jr Vice President Joseph V. Charyk Chairman of the Board Retired Chairman CEO Richard N. Cooper Robert S. Cooper President Edward E. David Jr President John M. Logsdon Director Jeremiah P. Ostriker Director Samuel C. Phillips Retired General Elmer B. Staats Edward C. Stone Jr Vice President 《Space Policy》1989,5(3)
113.
Robert J. Mrazek 《Space Policy》1989,5(2)
In 1955 US President Eisenhower made his Open Skies proposal to the USSR, suggesting an exchange of blueprints showing the location of military installations in the two countries. The proposal was rejected at the time, but today the proliferation of remote sensing technology, along with interrelated security concerns, suggests that the time has come to rethink and update the concept. In this paper the author explains his recent proposal to the US Congress that a national commission be established to explore how information gathered by civilian remote sensing satellites could increase international security and stability without jeopardizing national defence. 相似文献
114.
P Ehrenfreund F Robert L d'Hendecourt 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1992,12(4):53-56
We present a comparison between the IR spectrum of the galactic center source IRS 7 and the spectrum of a carbonaceous polymer from the Orgueil meteorite. We have obtained an almost perfect match between the two spectra in the region between 3020-2790 cm-1, which suggests that the chemical composition of the interstellar organic matter and that of the meteorite polymer are similar or that the meteoritic polymer could be a well preserved interstellar organic molecule. Assuming that the meteoritic polymer has the same C/H ratio as these interstellar molecules, we find that 45 % of the total abundance of carbon in the line of sight toward IRS 7 is trapped in such an interstellar organic grain material. 相似文献
115.
Robert Rosner 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1982,2(9):3-10
The extension of solar surface activity models to the domain of stellar activity, and the possibility of testing such extensions, are discussed. 相似文献
116.
碰摩转子的弯曲和扭转振动分析 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
建立了一个新型多自由度的转子动静碰摩模型。应用该模型 ,重点研究了动、静碰摩引起的转子弯曲和扭转非线性耦合振动。大量的数值计算表明 ,不同碰摩情况下转子具有不同的弯曲和扭转振动响应。转静碰摩激起转子扭转自振频率振动。提出了从转子扭转振动的变化来诊断转静碰摩故障的方法 ,并探讨了此方法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
117.
Paul AL Levine HG McLamb W Norwood KL Reed D Stutte GW Wells HW Ferl RJ 《Acta Astronautica》2005,56(6):623-628
Spaceflight experiments involving biological specimens face unique challenges with regard to the on orbit harvest and preservation of material for later ground-based analyses. Preserving plant material for gene expression analyses requires that the tissue be prepared and stored in a manner that maintains the integrity of RNA. The liquid preservative RNAlater (Ambion) provides an effective alternative to conventional freezing strategies, which are limited or unavailable in current spaceflight experiment scenarios. The spaceflight use of RNAlater is enabled by the Kennedy space center fixation tube (KFT), hardware designed to provide the necessary containment of fixatives during the harvest and stowage of biological samples in space. Pairing RNAlater with the KFT system provides a safe and effective strategy for preserving plant material for subsequent molecular analyses, a strategy that has proven effective in several spaceflight experiments. Possible spaceflight scenarios for the use of RNAlater and KFTs are explored and discussed. 相似文献
118.
Phoenix--the first Mars Scout mission 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Shotwell R 《Acta Astronautica》2005,57(2-8):121-134
NASA has initiated the first of a new series of missions to augment the current Mars Program. In addition to the systematic series of planned, directed missions currently comprising the Mars Program plan, NASA has started a series of Mars Scout missions that are low cost, price fixed, Principal [correction of Principle] Investigator-led projects. These missions are intended to provide an avenue for rapid response to discoveries made as a result of the primary Mars missions, as well as allow more risky technologies and approaches to be applied in the investigation of Mars. The first in this new series is the Phoenix mission which was selected as part of a highly competitive process. Phoenix will use the Mars 2001 Lander that was discontinued in 2000 and apply a new set of science objectives and mission objectives and will validate this soft lander architecture for future applications. This paper will provide an overview of both the Program and the Project. 相似文献
119.
Fucci RL Gardner J Hanifin JP Jasser S Byrne B Gerner E Rollag M Brainard GC 《Acta Astronautica》2005,56(9-12):1017-1024
Light is being used as a pre-launch countermeasure to circadian and sleep disruption in astronauts. The effect of light on the circadian system is readily monitored by measurement of plasma melatonin. Our group has established an action spectrum for human melatonin regulation and determined the region of 446-477 nm to be the most potent for suppressing plasma melatonin. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of 460 and 555 nm for suppressing melatonin using a within-subjects design. Subjects (N=12) were exposed to equal photon densities (7.18 x 10(12) photons/cm2/s) at 460 and 555 nm. Melatonin suppression was significantly stronger at 460 nm (p<0.02). An extension to the action spectrum showed that 420 nm light at 16 and 32 microW/cm2 significantly suppressed melatonin (p<0.04 and p<0.002). These studies will help optimize lighting countermeasures to circadian and sleep disruption during spaceflight. 相似文献
120.
N. Klöcker H. Lühr P. Robert A. Korth 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1985,5(4):237-241
Ground observations of locally confined, very intense, drifting current systems by the EISCAT magnetometer cross in correlation with GEOS 2 measurements will be explained in terms of kinetic Alfvén waves. In the ground based magnetograms the events are characterized by strong pulsations with amplitudes in the horizontal component up to 1000 nT and periods of about 300s and longer. They occur in the evening hours adjacent to the poleward side of the Harang discontinuity with the onset of a substorm. At the same time the inner edge of the plasma sheet passes the GEOS 2 position, magnetically conjugate to ground stations. The common features of four events during Nov and Dec 1982 will be discussed. 相似文献