民机新型综合模块化航空电子结构

随着超大规模集成电路及专用集成电路的发展,民用飞机电子设备结构已从70年代被称之为ATR机箱的黑盒子,经过8O年代的MCU可互换模块单元,至今已发展成90年代的综合模块化航空电子(IMA)装置,可在尺寸不大的模块安装柜中,由十几个或几十个独立的模块,在软件指令的控制下,通过总线适时地综合各种导航、通信、显示和飞行管理等航空电子系统,完成过去庞大的电子设备舱中几十台电子设备才能完成的飞行任务,从而显著地节省飞机上宝贵的空间和重量,并简化航空电子的设计、制作、安装和维修。     

A FINITE ELEMENT SOLVER FOR NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS VIA VORTICITY AND VELOCITY

INTRODUCTIONThe stationary incompressible Navier- Stokesequations in the primitive variables( velocity uand pressure p)- vΔu + u . u + p =f . u =0u =g　inΩinΩonΓ( 1 )whereΩ is a set of R2 ,Γ its boundary,v thekinematic viscosity of the fluid,f a field of givenbody forces,and g a given field defined onΓ sa-tisfying the global conservation property∫Γg . n =0 ( 2 )n denotes the unit outer normal vector toΓ.The vorticity- velocity system of Eq.( 1 ) ,byintroducing the vorticityω…     

未来机载雷达可靠性和寿命周期成本的研究

目前还没有对未来机载雷达系统的可靠性和维修性的要求充分量化，但已经认识到需要对现有可靠性和可用性的标准进行较大的改进。     

实现零电压开关的半桥DC—DC变换器的“改变占空比PWM控制”新方案

不对称控制方案是半桥隔离DC—DC变换器实现零电压开关（ZVS）的一种途径。但是由于电压不平稳和电流分量的压力，它不适宜于宽范围的输入电压。本文提出了一个半桥隔离dc—dc变换器的新“改变占空比PWM控制”方案，可以在没有不对称代价以及不增加额外元件的情况下实现ZVS工作。因为两个开关的占空比宽度保持相等。不对称电流和电压压力问题就消除了。说明了工作原理和主要特征。实验结果证实了用所提出的“改变占空比”控制方法可以获得较高的效率，尤其是在较高的开关频率。     

两米光栅——线纹自动测量仪（二）

（上接1997年第17卷第5期第5页）InstrumentforMeasuringLengthGratingsandLineStandardsupto2mAutomatically(2)NiuLixin;RenDongrnei;WangXiaowei;CaoHang;QiAihui2仪器的机械结构图2所示为仪器的机械结构。仪器由三个水平调节千斤顶支撑着，整个系统安放在一个保温军内。激光光源、显微镜照明光源和电机驱动器都安装在保温罩外。交流伺服电机通过一个谐波减速器，用同步带与滚珠丝杠相连，丝杠螺母带动工作台运动，螺母与工作台之间用气浮式拨又连接，以减小丝杠挠动对工作台的影响。近些年来，空气静压（气浮）导轨技术在计量仪…     

Vestibular function in the space environment

Adaptation to the weightless state and readaptation after space flight to the 1-G environment on the ground are accompanied by various transitory symptoms of vestibular instability, kinetosis, and illusory sensations. Aside from the problem of how to treat and if possible prevent such symptoms, they offer a clue to a better understanding of normal vestibular functions. Weightlessness is a powerful new "tool" of vestibular research. Graybiel reported as early as 1952 that human subjects observed the illusion that a real target and the visual afterimage seemed to raise in the visual field during centrifugation when the subjects were looking toward the axis of rotation (oculogravic illusion). In aircraft parabolic-flight weightlessness, human subjects observed that fixed real targets appeared to have moved downward while visual afterimages appeared to have moved upward (oculoagravic illusion). It can be shown by electronystagmography as well as by a method employing double afterimages that part of this illusion is caused by eye movements that are triggered by the changing input from the otolith system. Another part of the illusion is based on a change of the subjective horizontal and must be caused by convergence of vestibular and visual impulses "behind" the eyes. This part was measured independently of the first one by using a new method. Eye movements could be prevented during these experiments by optical fixation with the right eye on a target at the end of a 24-in. long tube which was rigidly attached parallel to the longitudinal axis of an aircraft. At the same time the subject tried to line up a shorter tube, which was pivoting around his left eye, with the subjective horizon.