通过聚集探测SAR图像中的动目标

本文介绍的是一种在合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像中探测动目标的方法。这种方法是将SAR复图像分成若干分区，分别对各个分区进行聚焦，然后测量聚焦区域中锐度的增长情况，这种方法能敏锐地检测到目标的方位速度，对目标径向加速度的检测尤为敏锐，还能对任意方向的运动进行检测，对于只能检测快速运动目标径向速度的传统多普勒传感动目标指示器而言，这种方法是一种有效的补充。     

培养学生英语阅读能力

本文主要从理论和实践两个方面,论述立足于四、六级考试,如何科学指导学生进行阅读,提高阅读理解能力.     

采用ZCS辅助电路的ZVT BOOST变换器

文章提出了一种采用零电流开关（ZCS）作辅助开关而主开关为零电压转换（ZVT）的软开关BOOST变换器；介绍并分析了变换器的工作区间；讨论了设计思路；演示了一个采用绝缘栅双极晶体管（IGBT）的600W10KHz380V输出、交流-直流的BOOST变换器构成的功率因素校正器所获得的实验结果的设计例子。结果表明，在整个规定的线路和负载条件下，辅助开关维持ZCS的同时主开关保持ZVT。     

太空探索 前沿播报

于5月20日在北京召开的第16届"人在太空"国际学术会议可说是一个载人航天的高峰论坛,亦可说是一次关于"人在太空"的新想法、新概念、新思路的碰撞和融合。21世纪探月高潮即将来临,火星征途正在开启,我们的航天装备需要改进吗?航天员会遇到哪些困难,我们该怎样解决,而他们自身应做出怎样的努力?在行星探险和地外生命探索的过程中,只有人类在到达某个地方之前,能够了解自己将会带来的生物污染并能加以控制,航天员的独特能力才是有益的。以此来看,太空环保是人类得以向外探索的道德基石和利益保证,这也是人类必须面临并思索的问题……有意思的话题还有很多,比如航天员如何捆住小行星来进行太空行走,航天员可以有"第二皮肤"吗,太空游客的居住环境该如何设计?航天无疑最需要一个想象的殿堂。这次会议无疑带给我们思维一次强烈的冲击,就让我们站在各国航天专家的肩膀上,看得更高,梦得更远,让我们儿时就憧憬的航天之梦沿着科学的轨迹飞翔……     

运载火箭控制系统故障诊断专家系统研究

针对运载火箭控制系统和测发控系统的特点,简要介绍了当前故障诊断专家系统的应用现状,分析了诊断方法在航天领域应用的不足,提出了基于测发控流程信息和部件互联知识的专家诊断系统.     

含Ti钎料钎焊碳纤维复合材料与钛合金的界面微观分析

采用几种钎料对碳纤维复合材料与钛合金进行真空钎焊,重点探讨了含Ti钎料钎焊碳纤维复合材料与钛合金连接界面的微观组织。研究表明,含Ti钎料润湿连接碳纤维复合材料与钛合金TC4的过程可分为五个阶段:钎料与母材的物理接触以及钎料的熔化;原子的扩散;反应层的生成;反应层沉积变厚,润湿复合材料;形成接头。研究结果对于碳纤维复合材料与钛合金的连接及在重要航天器中的应用具有重要参考价值。     

Near-infrared detection of potential evidence for microscopic organisms on Europa

The possibility of an ocean within the icy shell of Jupiter's moon Europa has established that world as a primary candidate in the search for extraterrestrial life within our Solar System. This paper evaluates the potential to detect evidence for microbial life by comparing laboratory studies of terrestrial microorganisms with measurements from the Galileo Near Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (NIMS). If the interior of Europa at one time harbored life, some evidence may remain in the surface materials. Examination of laboratory spectra of terrestrial extremophiles measured at cryogenic temperatures reveals distorted, asymmetric nearinfrared absorption features due to water of hydration. The band centers, widths, and shapes of these features closely match those observed in the Europa spectra. These features are strongest in reddish-brown, disrupted terrains such as linea and chaos regions. Narrow spectral features due to amide bonds in the microbe proteins provide a means of constraining the abundances of such materials using the NIMS data. The NIMS data of disrupted terrains exhibit distorted, asymmetric near-infrared absorption features consistent with the presence of water ice, sulfuric acid octahydrate, hydrated salts, and possibly as much as 0.2 mg cm(-3) of carbonaceous material that could be of biological origin. However, inherent noise in the observations and limitations of spectral sampling must be taken into account when discussing these findings.     

Eye light flashes on the Mir space station

The phenomenon of light flashes (LF) in eyes for people in space has been investigated onboard Mir. Data on particles hitting the eye have been collected with the SilEye detectors, and correlated with human observations. It is found that a nucleus in the radiation environment of Mir has roughly a 1% probability to cause an LF, whereas the proton probability is almost three orders of magnitude less. As a function of LET, the LF probability increases above 10 keV/micrometer, reaching about 5% at around 50 keV/micrometer.     

Measurements of radiation exposure in civil aircraft

The radiation exposures on 12 flights of German airlines were measured with an active dosemeter based on two silicon semiconductors. The dependence on the date, altitude and route of the flights was studied. Measured dose rates and preliminary dose equivalent rates of the individual flights are given and compared with model calculations.