MEMS陀螺仪随机漂移仿真和试验

为了提高使用精度,研究了某微机电系统(MEMS,Micro Electro Mechanical System)陀螺仪的随机漂移模型.应用时间序列分析方法对经过预处理的陀螺仪量测数据进行建模,提出采用状态扩增法设计Kalman滤波器.进行速率试验和摇摆试验,验证了在静态和恒定角速率条件下,滤波后的误差均值和标准差分别为滤波前的55%和12%.针对在摇摆运动时随着振幅的增加滤波效果下降的问题,设计了自适应Kalman滤波器,分析了衰减因子的选取原则.仿真结果表明:常值衰减因子法和自适应衰减因子法都能显著改善摇摆运动时的滤波效果,而自适应衰减因子法的精度更高.     

铜-康铜微细热电偶制作新工艺

热电偶是航天器真空热试验中应用最广泛的温度传感器,它的制作工艺决定了其产品的质量和可靠性。文章以铜-康铜微细热电偶的制作工艺为例,提出并实现了一种在惰性气体保护条件下利用高压放电技术进行热电偶焊接制作的工艺方法。这种方法具有操作简单、成品率高的特点,极大提高了热电偶的制作效率,并且解决了热电偶制作过程中因氧化而引入第三种材质的问题。     

某型号火箭发动机高空模拟试验中扩压器的 数值计算与试验比较

文章利用FLUENT软件对某型号液氢/液氧火箭发动机在高空模拟引射试验中扩压器进行数值计算,并与试验测量数据进行比较。用Visual C#.NET软件编制了二次喉道扩压器引射过程计算程序,将该程序的计算结果与FLUENT软件的数值计算结果进行了比较。利用FLUENT软件对二次喉道扩压器在不同入口长度、不同收缩比和长径比情况下的流场情况进行了计算,分析了对发动机启动的影响;并把数值计算结果同吹风试验的数据进行了比较,结果表明数值计算具有较高的置信度。     

基于中低轨星座对弹道导弹监视的可探测模型

分析了中低轨卫星及星载红外传感器对导弹目标的可探测性因素,提出了几何可见、光学可见和设备可见的概念,建立了单星对导弹的可观测模型。对Walker-δ星座的3*7,7*3两种构型进行了仿真,讨论了传感器工作模式和作用距离的影响,以及可见率的数值特性,并演示了3个任务对单弹道接力跟踪的典型情形。     

用于动态称重的一种数据处理方法

概述了动态抓斗秤的数据处理方法，并给出了相应的数学模型。     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF IMPACT RESPONSE OF COMPOSED CERAMIC/COMPOSITE ARMOUR

ＮＵＭＥＲＩＣＡＬＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＩＭＰＡＣＴＲＥＳＰＯＮＳＥＯＦＣＯＭＰＯＳＥＤＣＥＲＡＭＩＣ／ＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＥＡＲＭＯＵＲＮＵＭＥＲＩＣＡＬＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＩＭＰＡＣＴＲＥＳＰＯＮＳＥＯＦＣＯＭＰＯＳＥＤＣＥＲＡＭＩＣ／ＣＯＭＰ...     

Inhibitory effect of simulated microgravity on differentiating preosteoblasts

The bone loss induced by microgravity is partly due to the decrease of mature osteoblasts. In the present study, we employed the random positioning machine (RPM) to simulate microgravity and investigated the acute effects of simulated microgravity on the differentiation of 2T3 preosteoblasts. Following 7 days’ culture under normal (1 g) condition, cells were exposed to simulated microgravity for 24 h. The results showed that 24 h treatment of simulated microgravity significantly decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity without changing the cell morphology. In addition, the mRNA expressions of osteogenic genes, including runt-related gene 2 (Runx2), osterix, osteocalcin (OC), type I collagen (Col I) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), were dramatically downregulated. Moreover, western blot analysis of total extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) and phosphorylated Erk (p-Erk) indicated that p-Erk level, which represents the Erk activation status, was increased. Taken together, our results suggested that acute exposure to simulated microgravity inhibited osteoblast differentiation through modulating the expression of osteogenic genes and the Erk activity. These findings provide new insight for bone loss due to microgravity and unloading.     

Calcium influx through stretch-activated channels mediates microfilament reorganization in osteoblasts under simulated weightlessness

We have explored the role of Ca²⁺ signaling in microfilament reorganization of osteoblasts induced by simulated weightlessness using a random positioning machine (RPM). The RPM-induced alterations of cell morphology, microfilament distribution, cell proliferation, cell migration, cytosol free calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i), and protein expression in MG63 osteoblasts were investigated. Simulated weightlessness reduced cell size, disrupted microfilament, inhibited cellular proliferation and migration, and induced an increase in [Ca²⁺]_i in MG63 human osteosarcoma cells. Gadolinium chloride (Gd), an inhibitor for stretch-activated channels, attenuated the increase in [Ca²⁺]_i and microfilament disruption. Further, the expression of calmodulin was significantly increased by simulated weightlessness, and an inhibitor of calmodulin, W-7, aggravated microfilament disruption. Our findings demonstrate that simulated weightlessness induces Ca²⁺ influx through stretch-activated channels, then results in microfilament disruption.     

乏信息多传感器压力数据自助模糊融合估计

乏信息多传感器压力测量数据的融合估计是压力测量研究的重要问题,不同于经典的统计学方法,结合自助法和模糊数学的相关算法,提出一种实现乏信息多传感器压力测量数据融合估计的自助模糊数学模型.对具有乏信息特征的多个压力传感器的测量数据进行自助抽样;利用最大熵算法构建出不同时刻与位置的多个压力传感器测量数据的自助分布;用自助分布进行加权均值计算,提取相应特征值,得到自助融合序列;通过模糊隶属函数得到所测压力值的真值与区间估计.实例计算表明：在乏信息条件下,算法精度可达87%;在大样本条件下,测量数据在置信水平99.7%下,融合估计可靠性可达95%,验证了乏信息自助模糊融合估计算法的有效性.     

真空紫外探测器关键参数校准装置

当前真空紫外空间探测技术迅猛发展,真空紫外载荷应用越来越广,其中的核心器件真空紫外探测器的特性校准变得越来越重要,针对国内真空紫外探测器关键参数校准能力缺失问题,研制了一套真空紫外探测器关键参数校准装置,实现光谱响应率、线性度等参数的校准。论述了真空紫外探测器光谱响应率、线性度参数的校准方法,介绍了校准装置的硬件组成、校准方法和软件功能,并对其进行了测量不确定度评定。测试结果证明表明,该校准装置可以对真空紫外探测器进行主要参数的校准,校准结果准确、有效。