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101.
YES2 (launching 2007) aims to demonstrate a tether-assisted re-entry concept, whereby payload will be returned to Earth using momentum provided from a swinging tether. Deployment takes place in two phases: (1) deployment of 3.5 km of tether to the local vertical and hold, and (2) deployment to 30 km for a swinging cut. Optimal trajectories are determined for both phases after comparing the effect of different cost functions on the deployment dynamics. Closed-loop control is provided by linearizing the dynamics around the optimal trajectories and solving a receding horizon control problem for a set of linear feedback gains. The controllers are tested in a flexible tether model with large disturbances to the hardware model and environmental variables. Closed-loop simulations show that the system can be controlled quite well using only feedback of length and length rate. 相似文献
102.
Although considerations of discourse coherence and cognitive processing suggest that communicators should adopt consistent perspectives when describing spatial scenes, in many cases they switch perspectives. Ongoing research examining cognitive costs indicates that these are small and exacted in establishing a mental model of a scene but not in retrieving information from a well-known scene. A perspective entails a point of view, a referent object, and terms of reference. These may change within a perspective, exacting cognitive costs, so that the costs of switching perspective may not be greater than the costs of maintaining the same perspective. Another project investigating perspective choice for self and other demonstrates effects of salience of referent object and ease of terms of reference. Perspective is mixed not just in verbal communications but also in pictorial ones, suggesting that at times, switching perspective is more effective than maintaining a consistent one. 相似文献
103.
D. Barret J. P. Roques P. Mandrou M. Denis A. Claret P. Laurent F. Lebrun J. Paul R. Sunyaev E. Churazov M. Gilfanov A. Dyachkov N. Khavenson B. Novikov V. Kovtunenko R. Kremnev 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1993,13(12):719-722
Unlike black hole candidate systems, accreting neutron stars seem to encounter appreciable difficulties in emitting strong hard X-ray fluxes. However, in the catalogue of the hard X-ray sources detected by SIGMA, three sources are associated with type I X-ray bursters. In this paper, we review the present status of the SIGMA observations of these three X-ray burst sources, namely X 1724-308 in the globular cluster Terzan II, KS 1731-260, and GX 354+0. 相似文献
104.
The concept and physics of a most peculiar glass (called NASTYGLASS) suffering from the video equivalent of audio cross-over distortion are discussed, and a simple mathematical model developed. The model is used as the basis for a computer simulation of how things would look when viewed through a NASTYGLASS window. Some computer-generated, TV-displayed images of `Einstein-in-NASTYGLASS' are included. Finally, future research is proposed, research that just might lead to a Nobel prize in medicine or physiology! 相似文献
105.
106.
Flavio S. Correa da Silv Marcelo K. Zuffo Paul W. H. Chung Petros Papapanagiotou David Robertson 《民用飞机设计与研究》2017,(3):105
Hazard prevention in mission plans requires careful analysis and appropriate tools to support the design of preventive and/or corrective measures. It is most challenging in systems with large sets of states and complex state relations. In the case of sociotechnical systems, hazard prevention becomes even more dicult given that the behaviour of human centric components can at best be partially predictable. In the present article we focus on a specic class of sociotechnical systems namely air spaces containing pilot controlled as well as autonomous aircrafts and introduce the notion of relevant hazards. We also introduce soft institutions as an appropriate basis for analysis, with the aim of addressing relevant hazards. The concept of soft institutions is drawn from specication languages for interaction between agents in multi agent systems but, in our case, is adapted for use in systems that combine human and automated actors. 相似文献
107.
Paul AL Zupanska AK Ostrow DT Zhang Y Sun Y Li JL Shanker S Farmerie WG Amalfitano CE Ferl RJ 《Astrobiology》2012,12(1):40-56
108.
Paul D. Feldman 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1984,4(9):177-184
Since its launch in 1978 the () satellite observatory has been used to record ultraviolet spectra of nearly two dozen comets. These observations have been applied principally to studies of the composition, chemistry and evolution of the gaseous coma and more recently, with the substantially increased data base, to comparative analyses. The observations of Comets Bowell (1982 I) and Cernis (1983?) at a heliocentric distance of ≈ 3.4 AU show these two comets to be virtually identical and pose problems for water ice vaporization models. The most significant recent result from was the discovery of S2 in the Earth-approaching comet IRAS-Araki-Alcock (1983d) and the use of the S2 emission as a monitor of short-term variations in cometary activity. In early 1984, periodic comet Encke was observed for the second time by , this time post-perihelion. 相似文献
109.
Paul L. Rothwell Michael B. Silevitch Lars P. Block 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1985,5(4):47-50
A unified model is developed for the propagation of the Westward Traveling Surge (WTS) which can explain the diversity in the observed surge characteristics. The direction of the surge motion depends on the presence of polarization charges on the poleward boundary. This is related to the efficiency with which the poleward ionospheric currents are closed off into the magnetosphere by the field-aligned currents. Inclusion of the electron-ion recombination rate modifies the surge propagation velocity and leads to explicit expressions for the conductivity profile. Sufficient precipitation current is required to overcome electron-ion recombination in order for the surge to expand. When the precipitating current is less than this threshold the WTS retreats. Therefore, the model describes the ionospheric response to both the expansion and recovery phases of the magnetic substorm. 相似文献
110.
Paul Gorenstein 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1981,1(13):3-18
Extragalactic research studies by the Harvard/Smithsonian group with the Einstein Observatory have emphasized quasars and clusters of galaxies. More than 100 QSO's have been detected, including 20 serendipitous discoveries. The ratio of Lx/Lo for radio loud quasars is on the average 3 times that of radio quiet ones. QSO's with a large intrinsic optical luminosity have a smaller ratio of Lx/Lo. X-ray images of clusters of galaxies reveal a variety of morphological types which may correspond to different stages in their evolution. Several examples of bi-modal clusters have been discovered. An X-ray plume associated with M86 is apparently gas being stripped. From X-ray studies, a mass between 1.7 × 1013Mθ and 4.0 × 1013 Mθ has been derived for M87. 相似文献