小型固体发动机旋转试验用微型点火控制与数据采集系统

为适应固体火箭发动机旋转试验的需要,以MCS—96单片机为主机,设计了一种微型的点火控制与数据采集系统。该系统直接安装在旋转试验台内部。省去了传统的集流环,为以后开展悬浮试验创造了条件。     

Magnetism, iron minerals, and life on Mars

A short critical review is provided on two questions linking magnetism and possible early life on Mars: (1) Did Mars have an Earth-like internal magnetic field, and, if so, during which period and was it a requisite for life? (2) Is there a connection between iron minerals in the martian regolith and life? We also discuss the possible astrobiological implications of magnetic measurements at the surface of Mars using two proposed instruments. A magnetic remanence device based on magnetic field measurements can be used to identify Noachian age rocks and lightning impacts. A contact magnetic susceptibility probe can be used to investigate weathering rinds on martian rocks and identify meteorites among the small regolith rocks. Both materials are considered possible specific niches for microorganisms and, thus, potential astrobiological targets. Experimental results on analogues are presented to support the suitability of such in situ measurements.     

合金化元素对β-Nb_5Si_3影响的第一原理计算(英文)

本文采用Ti,Cr,Al,Hf元素对金属间化合物β-Nb5Si3进行了合金化,利用基于平面波赝势理论的第一原理方法对其能量、电子结构、晶体常数、弹性常数进行了计算。合金化前后的能量变化表明:Ti,Cr,Hf元素优先替换NbI, NbI, NbII的Nb原子,而Al使得β-Nb5Si3 稳定性降低。合金化原子的占位使得β-Nb5Si3的晶体参数发生变化,其中:Ti、Cr原子能够降低晶胞的c/a值,而Hf促使晶胞从四方晶系向正交晶系转变。态密度计算表明 Ti,Cr,Hf提高了β-Nb5Si3相的导电性。采用Voigt公式计算掺杂前后各体系的弹性模量;并基于Pugh经验公式,对合金的室温韧性进行了评价,结果表明:Ti,Cr元素的掺杂降低了β-Nb5Si3相的室温断裂韧性,而Hf元素的掺杂能够提高β-Nb5Si3的断裂韧性。     

RBFs-MSA Hybrid Method for Mesh Deformation

Simulating unsteady flow phenomena involving moving boundaries is a challenging task,one key requirement of which is a reliable and fast algorithm to deform the computational mesh.Radial basis functions(RBFs) interpolation is a very simple and robust method to deform the mesh.However,the number of operations and the requirement of memory storage will be increased rapidly as the number of grid nodes increases,which limits the application of RBFs to three-dimensional(3D) moving mesh.Moving submesh approach(MSA) is an efficient method,but its robustness depends on the method used to deform the background mesh.A hybrid method which combines the benefits of MSA and RBFs interpolation,which is called RBFs-MSA,has been presented.This hybrid method is proved to be robust and efficient via several numerical examples.From the aspect of the quality of deforming meshes,this hybrid method is comparable with the RBFs interpolation;from the aspect of computing efficiency,one test case shows that RBFs-MSA is about two orders of magnitude faster than RBFs interpolation.For these benefits of RBFs-MSA,the new method is suitable for unsteady flow simulation which refers to boundaries movement.     

Multi-resolution Analysis of Density Fluctuation of Coherent Structures About Supersonic Flow over VG

The density field around a vortex generator (VG) in supersonic flow is studied with a nanoparticle-based planar laser scattering (NPLS) method. Based on the calibration, i.e., the density distribution of the supersonic flow around a wedge, the density field of a supersonic VG is measured. According to movement characteristics of coherent structure in VG’s flow fields and the basic concepts of wavelet, the density fluctuating signals and multi-resolution characteristics of density field images are studied. The multi-resolution characteristics of density fluctuation can be analyzed with wavelet transformation of NPLS images. The wavelet approximate coefficients of density fluctuating signals exhibit their characteristics at different scales, and the corresponding detail coefficients show the difference of diverse layer smooth approximation in some way. Based on 2D wavelet decomposition and reconstruction of density field images, the approximate and detail signals at different scales are studied, and the coherent structures at different scales are extracted and analyzed.     

非相似余度作动系统设计及工作模式分析

非相似余度配置方式可省去中央液压源并有效克服共性故障,成为多电飞机的发展趋势.利用机械特性匹配的方法对变转速电动静液作动器和直驱式机电作动器组成的非相似余度系统进行总体设计.考虑舵面空气负载和连接刚度建立总体数学模型,对3种典型工作模式进行理论分析和仿真对比,再现带载情况下这3种工作模式的切换瞬态.同时提出电机电流内环零值控制的无载工作模式,控制器结构简单并且切换可靠迅速.分析结果对非相似作动系统的设计、工作模式和故障切换方法提供了理论依据.     

SRAM型FPGA单粒子效应逐位翻转故障注入方法

针对SRAM(Static Random Access Memory)型FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)空间应用的可靠性评测问题,提出一种逐位翻转的故障注入试验方法,利用动态重配置技术,通过检测逻辑电路设计配置存储单元中的单粒子翻转敏感位数量和位置,可计算出动态翻转截面和失效率,绘出可靠度变化曲线.分别对采用TMR(Triple Modular Redundancy)防护设计的和未采用TMR防护设计的SRAM型FPGA乘法器模块进行了故障注入试验,验证了得到的敏感位位置的正确性,并计算出各自的可靠性参数和曲线.     

具有初始随机材料缺陷的非晶合金剪切带模拟

基于自由体积理论建立了以自由体积为内部参量的非晶合金本构模型,并通过ABAQUS UMAT子程序将之在有限元模拟中实现.以初始自由体积为材料缺陷参量,通过FORTRAN子程序抽取随机数及匹配单元编号的方法定义了初始随机材料缺陷.采用平面应变模型模拟了具有初始随机材料缺陷的非晶合金剪切带的形成和扩展过程,结果表明:自由体积局部增加会造成形变局部化,继而形成剪切带,并且剪切带的成核、形成和扩展会松弛周围应变和自由体积.数值模拟能有效捕捉非晶合金剪切带主要特征,其结果符合实验观察和自由体积理论预测.     

基于干扰观测器的磁悬浮姿控飞轮电机控制

由于磁悬浮飞轮转子不平衡振动的存在,飞轮力矩/转速控制精度受到影响.为有效地对不平衡振动干扰进行估计,提出了一种针对时变谐波扰动的非线性干扰观测方法,观测器的动态与稳态性能可以根据系统要求设定,具有全局一致收敛性;在非线性干扰观测器的基础上设计变结构控制器对飞轮转速进行控制并对干扰进行补偿,通过改进变结构控制器的滑模函数与控制律系统抖振可以有效地削弱.仿真与实验结果表明:基于非线性干扰观测器的变结构控制器具有很好的扰动抑制能力和动态响应、稳态误差调节能力,可用于实现飞轮输出力矩控制.     

共硝化及TATN／DADN共硝化合成研究

介绍了共硝化法合成混合硝酸酯的特点及其应用价值,在此基础上较详细地研究了TA(一种三元醇)和DA(一种二元醇)共硝化合成TATN/DADN混合硝酸的工艺条件,分析讨论了各种影响因素对共硝化产率、纯度、TATN/DADN比值的作用,提出了氧化副反应和乳化现象发生的原因及抑制方法。