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581.
T.S. Kiss N. Gyenge R. Erdélyi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(2):611-616
Jets, whatever small (e.g. spicules) or large (e.g. macrospicules) their size, may play a key role in momentum and energy transport from photosphere to chromosphere and at least to the low corona. Here, we investigate the properties of abundant, large-scale dynamic jets observable in the solar atmosphere: the macrospicules (MS). These jets are observationally more distinct phenomena than their little, and perhaps more ubiquitous, cousins, the spicules. Investigation of long-term variation of the properties of macrospicules may help to a better understanding of their underlying physics of generation and role in coronal heating. Taking advantage of the high temporal and spatial resolution of the Solar Dynamics Observatory, a new dataset, with several hundreds of macrospicules, was constructed encompassing a period of observations over six years. Here, we analyse the measured properties and relations between these properties of macrospicules as function of time during the observed time interval. We found that cross-correlations of several of these macrospicule properties display a strong oscillatory pattern. Next, wavelet analysis is used to provide more detailed information about the temporal behaviour of the various properties of MS. For coronal hole macrospicules, a significant peak is found at around 2-year period. This peak also exists partially or is shifted to longer period, in the case of quiet Sun macrospicules. These observed findings may be rooted in the underlying mechanism generating the solar magnetic field, i.e. the global solar dynamo. 相似文献
582.
The equations of the mathematical model are solved in terms of special functions. The results for the design scheme of the aircraft forebody are obtained with a guaranteed accuracy by the stable method of functional normalization. 相似文献
583.
This paper proposes to solve the problem of determining the strength properties of materials for thin-walled structural elements under mechanical and thermal loading as an optimization problem. A mathematical statement of the problem under certain assumptions is given. 相似文献
584.
Devendraa Siingh R. P. Singh Ashok K. Singh Sanjay Kumar M. N. Kulkarni Abhay K. Singh 《Space Science Reviews》2012,169(1-4):73-121
In the present paper salient features of discharges in the stratosphere and mesosphere (namely sprites, halos, blue starters, blue jets, gigantic jets and elves), are discussed. The electrostatic field due to charge imbalance during lightning processes may lead to stratospheric/mesospheric discharges either through the conventional breakdown based on streamers and leaders or relativistic runaway mechanism. Most (not all) of the observed features of sprites, halos and jets are explained by this processes. Development and evolution of streamers are based on the local transient electrostatic field and available ambient electron density which dictate better probability in favor of positive cloud-to-ground discharges, and thus explains the polarity asymmetry in triggering sprites and streamers. Elves are generated by electromagnetic pulse radiated by return stroke currents of cloud-to-ground/inter-cloud discharges. Generation of the both donut and pancake shape elves are explained. Electrodynamic features of thunderstorms associated with stratospheric/mesospheric discharges are summarized including current and charge moment associated with relevant cloud-to-ground discharges. The hypothesis relating tropospheric generated gravity waves and mesospheric discharges are also discussed. Finally some interesting problems are listed. 相似文献
585.
A. A. Ryabov V. I. Romanov V. N. Rechkin Yu. N. Shmotin A. V. Veselov 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2011,54(4):379-386
A computational technique, developed for analysis of strength, stability and low-cycle durability of GTE exhaust frame complex
structure under operational and emergency loads is described. The presented technique, based on the ANSYS and STAR-CD engineering
analysis software, and self-design software can improve the accuracy and efficiency of calculations, and reduce efforts on
finite element mesh development, performing calculations and processing of results. 相似文献
586.
Based on the experimental data, a dependence of the minimal friction losses in cascades was obtained. A turbine stage efficiency
gain as a result of cascade improvement over the last three decades of the 20th century was estimated by this dependence. 相似文献
587.
588.
C. Bertucci F. Duru N. Edberg M. Fraenz C. Martinecz K. Szego O. Vaisberg 《Space Science Reviews》2011,162(1-4):113-171
This article summarizes and aims at comparing the main features of the induced magnetospheres of Mars, Venus and Titan. All three objects form a well-defined induced magnetosphere (IM) and magnetotail as a consequence of the interaction of an external wind of plasma with the ionosphere and the exosphere of these objects. In all three, photoionization seems to be the most important ionization process. In all three, the IM displays a clear outer boundary characterized by an enhancement of magnetic field draping and massloading, along with a change in the plasma composition, a decrease in the plasma temperature, a deflection of the external flow, and, at least for Mars and Titan, an increase of the total density. Also, their magnetotail geometries follow the orientation of the upstream magnetic field and flow velocity under quasi-steady conditions. Exceptions to this are fossil fields observed at Titan and the near Mars regions where crustal fields dominate the magnetic topology. Magnetotails also concentrate the escaping plasma flux from these three objects and similar acceleration mechanisms are thought to be at work. In the case of Mars and Titan, global reconfiguration of the magnetic field topology (reconnection with the crustal sources and exits into Saturn??s magnetosheath, respectively) may lead to important losses of plasma. Finally, an ionospheric boundary related to local photoelectron signals may be, in the absence of other sources of pressure (crustal fields) a signature of the ultimate boundary to the external flow. 相似文献
589.
W.D. Apel J.C. Arteaga L. Bähren K. Bekk M. Bertaina P.L. Biermann J. Blümer H. Bozdog I.M. Brancus P. Buchholz S. Buitink E. Cantoni A. Chiavassa K. Daumiller V. de Souza F. Di Pierro P. Doll M. Ender R. Engel H. Falcke M. Finger D. Fuhrmann H. Gemmeke C. Grupen A. Haungs D. Heck J.R. Hörandel A. Horneffer D. Huber T. Huege P.G. Isar K.-H. Kampert D. Kang O. Krömer J. Kuijpers K. Link P. Łuczak M. Ludwig H.J. Mathes M. Melissas C. Morello S. Nehls J. Oehlschläger N. Palmieri T. Pierog J. Rautenberg H. Rebel M. Roth C. Rühle A. Saftoiu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
590.
Sofya A. Ushakova Alexander A. Tikhomirov Valentin N. Shikhov Jean-Bernard Gros Tamara K. Golovko Igor V. Dal’ke Ilya G. Zakhozhii 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
The main objective of a life support system for space missions is to supply a crew with food, water and oxygen, and to eliminate their wastes. The ultimate goal is to achieve the highest degree of closure of the system using controlled processes offering a high level of reliability and flexibility. Enhancement of closure of a biological life support system (BLSS) that includes plants relies on increased regeneration of plant waste, and utilization of solid and liquid human wastes. Clearly, the robustness of a BLSS subjected to stress will be substantially determined by the robustness of the plant components of the phototrophic unit. The aim of the present work was to estimate the heat resistance of two plants (wheat and lettuce) grown on human wastes. Human exometabolites mineralized by hydrogen peroxide in an electromagnetic field were used to make a nutrient solution for the plants. We looked for a possible increase in the heat tolerance of the wheat plants using changes in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intensity during heat stress. At age 15 days, plants were subjected to a rise in air temperature (from 23 ± 1 °C to 44 ± 1 °С) under different PAR intensities for 4 h. The status of the photosynthetic apparatus of the plants was assessed by external СО2 gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. The increased irradiance of the plants during the high temperature period demonstrated its protective action for both the photosynthetic apparatus of the leaves and subsequent plant growth and development. The productivity of the plants subjected to temperature changes at 250 W m−2 of PAR did not differ from that of controls, whereas the productivity of the plants subjected to the same heat stress but in darkness was halved. 相似文献