排序方式: 共有25条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Marc G. Millis 《Space Policy》1990,6(4):353-356
A volunteer group of engineers and scientists at NASA's Lewis Research Center is trying to push the frontiers of aerospace science and technology beyond the realm of conventional methods and concepts. The first step is to provide a supportive environment for ideas that are too speculative or high risk to warrant formal organizational responsibility. This report describes the motivation, birth and experiences of this group. 相似文献
12.
On 16 July 2011, after completing nearly four years of interplanetary flight, Dawn entered orbit around (4) Vesta, the second most massive body in the main asteroid belt. Dawn used solar electric propulsion to spiral to six different orbits to accomplish its science campaign. Although the transfers to progressively lower orbits presented significant challenges, all were executed smoothly. During its nearly 14 months in orbit, Dawn spiraled down to 210 km above the surface and back up before initiating the gradual departure to travel to dwarf planet (1) Ceres for a 2015 rendezvous. Dawn′s exploration of Vesta has shown it to be geologically complex and fascinating, resembling terrestrial planets more than typical asteroids. Among the principal features is a 500-km-diameter impact basin within which is the second tallest mountain known in the solar system. This paper presents Dawn′s operations at Vesta and summarizes the principal findings. 相似文献
13.
Marc Herant 《Space Science Reviews》1995,74(3-4):335-341
It is argued that multidimensional hydrodynamics is the key to a robust supernova explosion mechanism. 相似文献
14.
Gordon Chin Scott Brylow Marc Foote James Garvin Justin Kasper John Keller Maxim Litvak Igor Mitrofanov David Paige Keith Raney Mark Robinson Anton Sanin David Smith Harlan Spence Paul Spudis S. Alan Stern Maria Zuber 《Space Science Reviews》2007,129(4):391-419
NASA’s Lunar Precursor Robotic Program (LPRP), formulated in response to the President’s Vision for Space Exploration, will
execute a series of robotic missions that will pave the way for eventual permanent human presence on the Moon. The Lunar Reconnaissance
Orbiter (LRO) is first in this series of LPRP missions, and plans to launch in October of 2008 for at least one year of operation.
LRO will employ six individual instruments to produce accurate maps and high-resolution images of future landing sites, to
assess potential lunar resources, and to characterize the radiation environment. LRO will also test the feasibility of one
advanced technology demonstration package. The LRO payload includes: Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) which will determine
the global topography of the lunar surface at high resolution, measure landing site slopes, surface roughness, and search
for possible polar surface ice in shadowed regions, Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) which will acquire targeted
narrow angle images of the lunar surface capable of resolving meter-scale features to support landing site selection, as well
as wide-angle images to characterize polar illumination conditions and to identify potential resources, Lunar Exploration
Neutron Detector (LEND) which will map the flux of neutrons from the lunar surface to search for evidence of water ice, and
will provide space radiation environment measurements that may be useful for future human exploration, Diviner Lunar Radiometer
Experiment (DLRE) which will chart the temperature of the entire lunar surface at approximately 300 meter horizontal resolution
to identify cold-traps and potential ice deposits, Lyman-Alpha Mapping Project (LAMP) which will map the entire lunar surface
in the far ultraviolet. LAMP will search for surface ice and frost in the polar regions and provide images of permanently
shadowed regions illuminated only by starlight. Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER), which will investigate
the effect of galactic cosmic rays on tissue-equivalent plastics as a constraint on models of biological response to background
space radiation. The technology demonstration is an advanced radar (mini-RF) that will demonstrate X- and S-band radar imaging
and interferometry using light weight synthetic aperture radar. This paper will give an introduction to each of these instruments
and an overview of their objectives. 相似文献
15.
Marc S. Allen Paul L. Hertz 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
NASA research programs offer many opportunities for productive partnerships with investigators in other countries. While spacecraft projects are complex and very expensive, there are other, lower-cost partnerships that can yield important scientific results and offer excellent opportunities for building up new space and Earth science programs and for training new researchers. 相似文献
16.
Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL) at the University of Surrey (UK) has pioneered cost-effective satellite engineering techniques for smaller, faster, cheaper satellites to provide affordable access to space. SSTL has designed, built, launched and operated a series of twelve 50kg microsatellites in low Earth orbit which carry a wide range of satellite communications, space science, remote sensing and in-orbit technology demonstration payloads — for both civil and military applications. Each of these has been built and launched for around US$3M. This paper reviews SSTL's remote sensing capabilities and presents image results from the microsatellite cameras in low Earth in orbit. The latest microsatellites (TMSAT & FASat-Bravo) under construction at SSTL and due for launch in mid-1997 will provide 3-band multispectral imaging with 80-metre resolution; autonomous on-board image analysis, processing and compression prior to transmission direct to ground-based users employing small portable terminals. 相似文献
17.
Steven G. Labbe Leopoldo F. Perez Steve Fitzgerald Jos M. A. Longo Rafael Molina Marc Rapuc 《Aerospace Science and Technology》1999,3(8):485-493
The characterisation of the aeroshape selected for the X-38 [Crew Return Vehicle (CRV) demonstrator] is presently being performed as a co-operative endeavour between NASA, DLR (through its TETRA Program), and the European Space Agency (ESA) with Dassault Aviation integrating the aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic activities. The methodologies selected for characterizing the aerodynamic and aerothermodynamic environment of the X-38 are presented. 相似文献
18.
Marc Studer Gesine Bradacs Andre Hilliger Eva Hürlimann Stephanie Engeli Cora S. Thiel Peter Zeitner Beat Denier Markus Binggeli Thomas Syburra Marcel Egli Frank Engelmann Oliver Ullrich 《Acta Astronautica》2011,68(11-12):1729-1741
Long-term sensitivity of human cells to reduced gravity has been supposed since the first Apollo missions and was demonstrated during several space missions in the past. However, little information is available on primary and rapid gravi-responsive elements in mammalian cells. In search of rapid-responsive molecular alterations in mammalian cells, short-term microgravity provided by parabolic flight maneuvers is an ideal way to elucidate such initial and primary effects. Modern biomedical research at the cellular and molecular level requires frequent repetition of experiments that are usually performed in sequences of experiments and analyses. Therefore, a research platform on Earth providing frequent, easy and repeated access to real microgravity for cell culture experiments is strongly desired. For this reason, we developed a research platform onboard the military fighter jet aircraft Northrop F-5E “Tiger II”. The experimental system consists of a programmable and automatically operated system composed of six individual experiment modules, placed in the front compartment, which work completely independent of the aircraft systems. Signal transduction pathways in cultured human cells can be investigated after the addition of an activator solution at the onset of microgravity and a fixative or lysis buffer after termination of microgravity. Before the beginning of a regular military training flight, a parabolic maneuver was executed. After a 1 g control phase, the parabolic maneuver starts at 13,000 ft and at Mach 0.99 airspeed, where a 22 s climb with an acceleration of 2.5g is initiated, following a free-fall ballistic Keplerian trajectory lasting 45 s with an apogee of 27,000 ft at Mach 0.4 airspeed. Temperature, pressure and acceleration are monitored constantly during the entire flight. Cells and activator solutions are kept at 37 °C during the entire experiment until the fixative has been added. The parabolic flight profile provides up to 45 s of microgravity at a quality of 0.05g in all axes. Access time is 30 min before take-off; retrieval time is 30 min after landing. We conclude that using military fighter jets for microgravity research is a valuable tool for frequent and repeated cell culture experiments and therefore for state-of-the art method of biomedical research. 相似文献
19.
DLR-TUBSAT is a joint project of the DLR Institute of Space Sensor Technology and the Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics at the Technical University of Berlin. Based on the experience gained with TUBSAT-A and TUBSAT-B an attitude control unit of minimal dimensions has been developed for the DLR-TUBSAT microsatellite. The DLR-TUBSAT microsatellite is mainly used to carry out tests involving exact three axes attitude control and to qualify the different subsystems with regard to their tasks in target pointing and high-resolution earth observation. 相似文献
20.
Marc S. Allen 《Space Policy》1992,8(4):307-314
As NASA struggles to fund and execute its ambitious Space Station Freedom and Mission to Planet Earth programmes, President Bush has pledge the nation to a programme to return humans to the Moon to stay and to explore Mars. While not predicted on scientific grounds, this Space Exploration Initiative welcomes the support and participation of the scientific community. Success in establishing this relationship will depend on how the initiative is structured, sold and managed within the context of scientists' past experience with large, manned flight programmes. 相似文献