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71.
M.E. Wiedenbeck N.E. Yanasak A.C. Cummings A.J. Davis J.S. George R.A. Leske R.A. Mewaldt E.C. Stone P.L. Hink M.H. Israel M. Lijowski E.R. Christian T.T. von Rosenvinge 《Space Science Reviews》2001,99(1-4):15-26
Cosmic-ray isotope observations from NASAs Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) mission have been used to investigate the composition of cosmic-ray source material. Source abundances relative to 56Fe are reported for eleven isotopes of Ca, Fe, Co, and Ni, including the very rare isotopes 48Ca and 64Ni. Although the source abundances range over a factor 104, most of the ratios to 56Fe are consistent with solar-system values to within 20%. However, there are some notable differences, the most significant being an excess of (70±30)% relative to the solar system for the cosmic-ray source ratio 58Fe/56Fe. The possible association of such an excess with a contribution to the cosmic-ray source from Wolf–Rayet star ejecta is discussed. 相似文献
72.
This Note emphasizes the need, in a space station, of an emergency room, especially equipped with regard to clean air and competent paramedical personnel. The establishment of some degree of artificial gravity is desirable. 相似文献
73.
R von Baumgarten J Kass H Vogel J Wetzig 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1989,9(11):223-230
Conscious space orientation depends on afferent information from different sense organs including the labyrinth, the eyes, tactile cues from the skin, joint receptors, muscle spindles, tendon organs and possibly viscera. An important role is played by impulses from the cervical position receptors in interaction with concomitant information from the otolith system. In order to isolate the effect of cervical position receptors from that of the otolith system, space experiments in orbital weightlessness and in parabolic aircraft flight were performed. It was found that stimulation of the neck receptors in weightlessness markedly influences the perception of the subjective vertical and horizontal and in addition has a weak effect on ocular torsion. 相似文献
74.
The growth of low- and medium-Earth orbit mobile satellite communications poses a threat to radio astronomers which could be mitigated by the establishment of international radio quiet zones (IRQZs), where communications traffic is managed (not eliminated) to allow radio astronomy to continue. Using the prototype of national such zones in the USA, this article explains how the system would work and discusses the international legal parameters that would bound it, drawing on current aerospace, outer space and high seas legislation. Precedents for an IRQZ—Exclusive Economic Zones, denuclearised zones and the Antarctic regime—are also examined. 相似文献
75.
Europe has at last started to integrate the assets of its broad set of actors into a comprehensive European Space Strategy. But will this first approach be ambitious enough to strengthen Europe as a global actor? In this contribution, the individuals responsible for strategy in the French and German space agencies seek an answer to this question. They do so by reviewing the historical background to European space efforts, and its role in shaping present-day activities; setting forth a vision of how Europe should proceed in space, and measuring current progress in drafting a European space strategy against this vision. 相似文献
76.
Stephan F. von Welck 《Space Policy》1987,3(4):326-334
Athough a poor nation with limited resources, India has spent large amounts of money on sophisticated space programme. It is pursuing a policy of using high technology to solve the country's social and economic problems, and at the same time to strengthen its international position. Satellite-aided communications, educational programmes, meteorology and resources survey and management are thus priority areas. This article examines the history and achievements of India's space programme, and considers the constraints faced and budget and staffing plans. Foreign policy and national security aspects are covered in detail, including the question of whether India's peaceful space policy can be put to military use. 相似文献
77.
H.P. Roeser F. Hetfleisch F.M. Huber M.F. von Schoenermark M. Stepper A. Moritz A.S. Nikoghosyan 《Acta Astronautica》2008,63(11-12):1372-1375
It is suggested that oxygen excess in undoped material of the high temperature superconducting bismuth family creates periodic two-dimensional Cu3+-ion patches in the copper–oxygen planes. These nanostructures have a size of square and show a strong linear relationship to their critical transition temperatures Tc. 相似文献
78.
79.
J. G. Luhmann D. W. Curtis P. Schroeder J. McCauley R. P. Lin D. E. Larson S. D. Bale J.-A. Sauvaud C. Aoustin R. A. Mewaldt A. C. Cummings E. C. Stone A. J. Davis W. R. Cook B. Kecman M. E. Wiedenbeck T. von Rosenvinge M. H. Acuna L. S. Reichenthal S. Shuman K. A. Wortman D. V. Reames R. Mueller-Mellin H. Kunow G. M. Mason P. Walpole A. Korth T. R. Sanderson C. T. Russell J. T. Gosling 《Space Science Reviews》2008,136(1-4):117-184
The IMPACT (In situ Measurements of Particles And CME Transients) investigation on the STEREO mission was designed and developed to provide multipoint solar wind and suprathermal electron, interplanetary magnetic field, and solar energetic particle information required to unravel the nature of coronal mass ejections and their heliospheric consequences. IMPACT consists of seven individual sensors which are packaged into a boom suite, and a SEP suite. This review summarizes the science objectives of IMPACT, the instruments that comprise the IMPACT investigation, the accommodation of IMPACT on the STEREO twin spacecraft, and the overall data products that will flow from the IMPACT measurements. Accompanying papers in this volume of Space Science Reviews highlight the individual sensor technical details and capabilities, STEREO project plans for the use of IMPACT data, and modeling activities for IMPACT (and other STEREO) data interpretation. 相似文献
80.
R. Werner K. Stebel H.G. Hansen U.-P. Hoppe M. Gausa R. Kivi P. von der Gathen Y. Orsolini N. Kilifarska 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
The geographic area at high latitudes beyond the polar circle is characterized with long darkness during the winter (polar night) and with a long summertime insolation (polar day). Consequentially, the polar vortex is formed and the surrounding strong polar jet is characterized by a strong potential vorticity gradient representing a horizontal transport barrier. The ozone dynamics of the lower and middle stratosphere is controlled both by chemical destruction processes and transport processes. 相似文献