Bacterial community in ancient Siberian permafrost as characterized by culture and culture-independent methods

The microbial composition of ancient permafrost sediments from the Kolyma lowland of Northeast Eurasia was examined through culture and culture-independent approaches. These sediments have been continuously frozen for 5,000 to 2-3 million years. A total of 265 Bacteria 16S rRNA gene sequences were amplified from the permafrost total-community genomic DNA and screened by amplified ribosomal 16S rRNA restriction analysis. Members of three major lineages were found: gamma-Proteobacteria (mostly Xanthomonadaceae), Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. We also determined partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of 49 isolates from a collection of 462 aerobes isolated from these sediments. The bacteria included Actinomycetales (Arthrobacter and Microbacteriaceae); followed by the Firmicutes (Exiguobacterium and Planomicrobium); the Bacteroidetes (Flavobacterium); the gamma-Proteobacteria (Psychrobacter); and the alpha-Proteobacteria (Sphingomonas). Both culture and culture-independent approaches showed the presence of high and low G+C Gram-positive bacteria and gamma-Proteobacteria. Some of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of environmental clones matched those of Arthrobacter isolates. Two-thirds of the isolates grew at -2.5 degrees C, indicating that they are psychroactive, and all are closely related to phylogenetic groups with strains from other cold environments, mostly commonly from Antarctica. The culturable and non-culturable microorganisms found in the terrestrial permafrost provide a prototype for possible life on the cryogenic planets of the Solar System.     

Ultrastructural study of iron oxide precipitates: implications for the search for biosignatures in the Meridiani hematite concretions, Mars

Two terrestrial environments that have been proposed as analogs for the iron oxide precipitation in the Meridiani Planum region of Mars include the Rio Tinto precipitates and southern Utah marble concretions. Samples of two typical Utah iron oxide concretions and iron oxide precipitates in contact with biofilms from Rio Tinto have been studied to determine whether evidence could be found for biomediation in the precipitation process and to identify likely locations for fossil microorganisms. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to search for biosignatures in the Utah marbles. The precipitation of iron oxides resembles known biosignatures, though organic compounds could not be confirmed with GC-MS analysis. In contrast, textural variations induced by biological activity are abundant in the modern Rio Tinto samples. Although no compelling evidence of direct or indirect biomediation was found in the Utah marbles, the ultrastructure of the iron oxide cement in the concretion suggests an inward growth during concretion precipitation from an initially spherical redox front. No indication for growth from a physical nucleus was found.     

薄壁板结构声激励载荷作用下的响应谱估算方法

本文提出一种估算薄壁板结构在声激励载荷作用下的响应谱的方法。这一方法借助板式结构的线性振动理论, 研究薄壁板结构在声激励载荷作用下动力响应问题, 引入结合受纳函数来考虑结构模态的波长和声波长在空间的耦合程度。本文给出的估算薄壁板结构声激励响应的方法, 不仅对规则的几何结构有效, 而且也应用于复杂薄壁板结构的分析。并将估算的结果与实验值做出了比较, 较为吻合。      

LOW RCS MODIFIED DESIGN OF EXTERNAL CARRIAGE AND ANALYSIS OF ITS SCATTERING CHARACTERISTIC

An external carriage and a wing on the con-ventional aircraft have a high radar cross sectionlevel in a wide range of angles of pitch becausethey form a corner reflector[1,2 ] .Foreign stealthaircraft hang weapons in the fuselage instead ofthe utility of external carriages,and use speciallaunching mechanism when releasing and launch-ing weapons. But it is the necessary work ofChina to make low RCSimprovement on existingaircraft and make them have some stealth effect.This paper introduces a w…     

航空发动机多轴加载试验系统与装配偏差识别研究

航空发动机高压转子具有典型的螺栓连接结构。为了研究螺栓连接的装配性能与复合载荷之间的作用关系,开发了一套具有轴向拉力和横向振动同时激励的多轴加载试验系统。设计了试验系统稳定性与螺栓装配偏差的试验方案并开展测试分析。试验结果表明,多轴加载系统控制激振前后轴向载荷变化范围不大于0.003 kN时,频响特性稳定有效;当不同位置螺栓存在装配偏差时,会同时对振动响应频率和幅值产生影响。最后建立XGBoost智能算法,利用特定频响峰值与幅值有效识别了螺栓装配偏差方位角。     

基于区块链的可验证外包解密属性基加密方案

在物联网和云计算场景中,属性基加密是实现细粒度及多级安全访问的关键技术。但是现有的属性基加密方案存在解密成本高、访问策略表达效率低以及数据安全性差等缺陷。基于此,文章提出了一种基于区块链的可验证外包解密的属性基加密方案。采用合数阶双线性群实现了策略隐藏,不仅将区块链作为可信的数据库保存用户参数,而且通过智能合约自动运算外包验证算法,在实现策略隐藏的同时降低了数据使用者的本地运算量,提高了计算效率。     

Meteors do not break exogenous organic molecules into high yields of diatomics

Meteoroids that dominate the Earth's extraterrestrial mass influx (50-300 microm size range) may have contributed a unique blend of exogenous organic molecules at the time of the origin of life. Such meteoroids are so large that most of their mass is ablated in the Earth's atmosphere. In the process, organic molecules are decomposed and chemically altered to molecules differently from those delivered to the Earth's surface by smaller (<50 microm) micrometeorites and larger (>10 cm) meteorites. The question addressed here is whether the organic matter in these meteoroids is fully decomposed into atoms or diatomic compounds during ablation. If not, then the ablation products made available for prebiotic organic chemistry, and perhaps early biology, might have retained some memory of their astrophysical nature. To test this hypothesis we searched for CN emission in meteor spectra in an airborne experiment during the 2001 Leonid meteor storm. We found that the meteor's light-emitting air plasma, which included products of meteor ablation, contained less than 1 CN molecule for every 30 meteoric iron atoms. This contrasts sharply with the nitrogen/iron ratio of 1:1.2 in the solid matter of comet 1P/Halley. Unless the nitrogen content or the abundance of complex organic matter in the Leonid parent body, comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle, differs from that in comet 1P/Halley, it appears that very little of that organic nitrogen decomposes into CN molecules during meteor ablation in the rarefied flow conditions that characterize the atmospheric entry of meteoroids approximately 50 microm-10 cm in size. We propose that the organics of such meteoroids survive instead as larger compounds.     

国航推出3G应用 手机上网购票更快捷

中国国际航空股份有限公司于2010年8月15日正式推出了国航手机平台V1．0版。该平台的推出．标志着国航的电子商务已迈入3G时代，可以为旅客带来量身定制的个性化手机终端服务。     

针对电视／红外导引头的镜面干扰法

随着“空地一体化”和“数字化”作战理论在战争中的应用，以电视／红外制导武器为主的防区外精确打击能力，成为空军现代化水平的主要标志之一。在介绍电视／红外制导空地导弹武器系统末制导段的工作过程和图像跟踪原理的基础上，对电视／红外导引头的特点及其跟踪过程进行了深入分析，得出电视／红外导引头光电干扰的实现方法。针对现有干扰方法的缺点，提出了一种新的光电干扰方法——镜面干扰方法。     

基于网络流算法的星载转发器备份环开关切换方法

提出了一种基于网络流算法的备份环开关切换方法,以解决传统人工枚举法寻找通信卫星转发器备份环最优配置效率低下的问题。首先,将放大器、开关和通道作为顶点,射频链接作为边,根据备份环的拓扑关系建立网络模型。其次,采用Busacker-Gowan迭代法构造出一个值不断增加的流的序列,直到找到网络的最小费用最大流。最后,根据最小费用最大流得出备份环的最优配置。此算法可用于搜索备份环的最优主份配置和最优备份配置。仿真结果表明该算法能够快速准确的找到最优方案,可以显著提高转发器设计的效率。