Evaluation of bleomycin-induced chromosome aberrations under simulated microgravity conditions in human lymphocytes using "FISH" techniques

In the present investigation we report the effects of simulated microgravity conditions (clinostat) on the induction of chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes in vitro by (R) Bleomycin. Chromosomal aberrations have been analysed by means of fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) and chromosome-specific composite DNA probes (chromosome painting). The results obtained show that, under simulated microgravity conditions, the levels of both symmetrical and asymmetrical (dicentrics, rings), the number of cells bearing "complex" aberrations and hence the total numbers of aberrations were significantly elevated at any of the dose-levels assayed, compared to the parallel treatments performed as 1g control ("ground"). Furthermore, the ratio symmetrical:asymmetrical translocations was markedly elevated under simulated microgravity conditions, compared to the findings usually observed under "normal" 1g conditions. On these bases, we are much inclined to believe that simulated microgravity, rather than limiting the resealing of DNA double strand breaks (DSB's) induced by genotoxic agents is influencing in terms of enhancement the misrejoining of DSB's which is actually responsible for the fixation of the original lesions to DNA into chromosomal aberrations. In addition, the possible different misrepair processes leading to the formation of symmetrical and asymmetrical translocations might be differentially influenced by microgravity being the symmetrical translocations significantly more represented.     

固体推进剂点火研究评述

为了确定最新的固体推进剂点火工艺,对有关点火方面的文献作了广泛的评述,严格地检查了各种点火理论、实验方法和点火准则,并以简明的表格形式进行了总结,便于对各种不同的研究作比较。讨论了各种重要参数对点火过程的影响,指出了技术上的主要不足之处,以及今后的研究方向。     

固体推进剂发动机的热贮存寿命

用概率计算方法计算了经受各种环境温度的固体推进剂火箭发动机的贮存寿命。在力学性能方面测定了粘弹效应、化学老化作用、累积损伤及统计变量。符号说明     

Results of space experiment program "Interferon"

The results of the biological space experiment "Interferon" performed by two international cosmonaut teams (26 May 1980, and 16 May 1981) aboard space laboratory Solyut-6 are reported: (1) Human lymphocytes separated from blood of healthy donors and placed into "Interferon I" equipment could be kept for 7 days in suspension culture under spaceflight conditions. Interferon production could be induced in human lymphocytes by preparations of different origin: virus, synthetic polyribonucleotides, bacterial protein and plant pigment. An increased lymphocyte interferon production in space laboratory compared to ground control was observed. (2) Human interferon preparations and interferon inducers placed in space laboratory at room temperature for 7 days maintained their biological activity. (3) A decrease of induced interferon production and natural killer activity of lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood of cosmonauts was observed on the 1st day on Earth after 7-days spaceflight.     

关于无源铷频标中光漂移和缓冲气体漂移问题

本文报道了无源铷频标中光漂移和缓冲气体漂移的计算和测量结果。光漂移是以两种接法,即分立滤光器法和集成滤光器法进行测量的。文章介绍一种能够恰如其份地描述所得结果的唯象分析方法,报道了不同的纯净缓冲气体或混合缓冲气体引起的频率漂移的测量结果,评述了频率与温度的非线性关系,将所得结果跟从前发表的数据做了比较,并且利用二次温度方程式进行简明分析,以进一步对这些结果加以说明。     

The basic health care system for the lunar base crew

A plan of the health care system for the crew on the lunar base is described in this study. The health care system consists of two subsystems. The first is the daily health care system. The system contains health care menus, similar to those on Earth, and some biochemical and ordinary medical examinations. The second system is a periodic medical inspection for the crew's bones and the determination of natural radioisotopes in the body. These care systems are automatically treated with the examination and data filing. Usually these examinations are carried out without the presence of a medical doctor. Examinations and files of the whole results are controlled by a computer. The daily results of examinations are compared with data in the file. If any abnormal values are found in the results, an appropriate message is sent advising whether he must receive an in-depth examination by a medical doctor, or be reexamined by the same submenu. The automatic health care system also records transactions with the life support monitoring system.     

利用比力多重积分作为输入信号的捷联导航算法

本论文提出了异于传统的推导捷联导航算法的方法，现在常用的仍然是传统的推导方法，且不久前Paul Savage做过总结(Savage，P．G，“Strapdown Inertial Navigation Integration Algorithm Design Part2：Velocity and Position Algorithms”，Journal of Guidance，Control，and Dynamics，V01．21，No．2，1998，PP．208—221．)。新方法的要点是利用了额外的加速度计的输出信号，它是比力多重积分在迭代周期的增量。由此产生了比力转换算法新的家族，它有效地消弱所谓的假振摆效应(它在线性振动和高频陀螺仪误差存在时产生)，以较低的速度计算且无须采用抗混叠预滤波。     

软土地层中的地铁工程

美国华盛顿特区的地铁工程，其中穿越城市西北部的中城Ｅ路工程，它代表了大华盛顿市区公共交通局系统的最后主要的软土地层隧道。全部线路开挖都在水位线以下，工程遇到了重重困难。在交通繁忙的大道下施工，要求把地面的沉降减少到最低限度。该文着重介绍了Ｅ路工程采用的施工方法、排水措施，使之地面沉降得到控制，完成了地铁工程。     

卫星及星上固体发动机之间的相互要求

本文讨论了对用于卫星的固体火箭发动机所提出的要求和技术条件的依据。列举了已经采用的典型的技术条件。所讨论的技术条件项目是:总冲、推力值、推力偏心校准、温度、羽流及羽流污染、自旋速度、振动和冲击、重心和平衡。