闭路制导在小型固体运载火箭中的应用

固体运载火箭发动机推力偏差和秒耗量偏差大,导致关机点时间偏差也大,因此偏差轨道和按标称值飞行的标准轨道之间偏差大,传统的摄动制导难以满足对卫星高入轨精度的要求。针对固体运载火箭的上述特点,本文提出具有工程意义的闭路制导方法。实现闭路制导的关键之一是需要速度的求解。本文根据运载火箭的实时飞行状态和卫星轨道元素之间的关系推导出简单实用的需要速度,并应用于发射近圆轨道卫星的小型固体运载火箭的闭路制导控制中。经过数学仿真验证,证明本文中的方法在各种干扰下均具有较高的精度。     

辅助平面法评定平面对平面倾斜度误差的数学模型

提出一种评定平面对平面倾斜度误差的新算法。该算法是通过确定辅助测量平面，在不含原理误差的条件下，快速、准确地确定符合其定义的倾斜度误差值。     

实际入射角的相位干涉仪测角方法

为了提高短距离定位精度,消除采用平行入射假定所引入的计算误差,分析和研究了近似误差对角度估计和解相位模糊的影响;得出了满足平行入射近似的前提条件,为干涉仪的波长、基线长度等参数设计提供了指导依据;提出了实际入射角的相位差估计和相应的角度计算方法,提高了角度估计精度。文章提出的高精度相位干涉仪测角方法,适用于多个运动平台（如卫星、飞行器）的互相定位、航天器交会对接、地面短距离目标定位等测角精度要求高的工程应用。     

Ionospheric F2-Layer critical frequency retrieved from COSMIC radio occultation: A statistical comparison with measurements from a meridional ionosonde chain over Southeast Asia

In this paper, we compared the F2-Layer critical frequency (foF2) derived from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC radio occultation (RO) and ionosondes at Chiang Mai, Chumphon and Kototabang during the years 2008–2015 to evaluate the performance of COSMIC RO over Southeast Asia region. The results show that the time development of foF2 values derived from COSMIC RO generally agrees well with those from ionosonde measurements. However, the differences between the foF2 derived from COSMIC RO and that derived from ionosonde observations display latitudinal dependence. COSMIC RO tends to underestimate foF2 at Chiang Mai and Kototabang, which is near to the north EIA crest and the south one, respectively, while a little overestimate foF2 at Chumphon, which is close to the geomagnetic equator. COSMIC RO agrees best with ionosonde at Chumphon and worst at Chiang Mai. At each ionosonde station, the quality of COSMIC RO data degrades with the increase of solar activity. In addition, at the station Chiang Mai and Kototabang, COSMIC RO performs better in summer than in equinox and winter. Furthermore, the differences in foF2 derived from COSMIC RO and that from ionosonde measurements vary with local time, i.e., the differences in foF2 are generally smaller at night and larger in noontime when equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) is well developed.     

捻度对缝合线浸润特性的影响

研究不同捻度缝合线的浸润效果,通过SEM(扫描电子显微镜)观察不同捻度缝合线浸润树脂后的尺寸及其与树脂界面结合情况.研究结果表明:随着缝合线捻度的增加,树脂浸润缝合线的效果变差,缝合线纤维束及单丝与树脂结合情况变差;浸润树脂后的缝合线纤维束尺寸相对浸润之前提高,但随着捻度的增加,浸润树脂后的缝合线纤维束尺寸降低.     

低重频PD雷达的临界散射截面计算方法

提出了低脉冲重复频率PD(Pulse Doppler)雷达探测飞行器目标的临界散射截面的计算方法.针对低重频PD雷达对目标的发现概率计算过程中所遇到的问题,采用临界仰角法处理雷达的未知参数,将之合并为雷达系统特征常数.将低重频PD雷达的旁瓣杂波合理等效为白噪声,处理目标频移落在旁瓣杂波区的情况.采用等效杂波散射截面积叠加旁瓣杂波中目标临界散射截面处理目标频移落在主瓣杂波区的问题,并考虑偏置相位中心天线(DPCA)技术对目标频移落在主瓣杂波中时临界散射截面的影响,使计算结果更合理,从而完善低脉冲重复频率PD雷达在全频域中临界散射截面的计算方法.该方法可应用于计算目标突防时的发现概率.最后以E－2C预警机为例计算某目标突防过程中的临界散射截面.      

Sun 3/4专用协处理器PLC系统中Common Lisp编译器的代码优化措施

在简单介绍Sun3/4专用协处理器PLC系统及Common Lisp编译器后,着重讨论了Common Lisp编译器中的代码优化措施,包括优化无用代码、优化程序结构、优化转移指令、优化函数调用环境保存及恢复指令、优化寄存器分配、优化尾递归函数调用等。实例编译结果和模拟运行结果表明:与不经优化指令相比,经过优化后的指令代码长度平均减少25％,运行速度平均提高20％,为提高PLC系统的整体性能提供了一守的保证。     

Effects of in-track maneuver on Sun illumination conditions of near-circular low Earth orbits

By developing approximate analytical models considering the J₂ perturbation, the effects of an in-track maneuver on the orbital Sun illumination conditions of near-circular low Earth orbits are analyzed. First, two approximate models for the variations in orbital sunshine angles are developed, one for variations at a given time and the other for variations at a given argument of latitude. Next, two approximate models for variations in orbital arc in Earth shadow are developed, one considers the small eccentricity and the other uses the zero eccentricity. Finally, the developed approximate models are applied to analyzing the Sun illumination conditions of a typical in-track maneuver mission on a near-circular low Earth orbit. From the results obtained, three major conclusions can be drawn. First, the variations in orbital sunshine angles at a given time may reach tens of degrees when the drifting time reaches hundreds of orbital periods, and the approximate model for that situation cannot effectively approach the numerical results. Second, the variations in orbital sunshine angles for any given argument of latitude are only a couple of degrees even when the drifting time reaches 500 orbital periods, and the approximation model developed can effectively approach the numerical results. Third, for variations in orbital arc in Earth shadow, the approximate model considering the small eccentricity has simple expressions and can effectively approach the numerical results; in contrast, the approximate model using the zero eccentricity has relatively worse precision.     

一种前飞状态直升机可达区域快速计算方法

直升机可达区域可用于生成空域安全态势,提高直升机在低空复杂环境中的飞行安全水平.为了满足求解可达区域的实时性和准确性要求,提出了一种快速计算方法.根据能量机动性求解了直升机控制域,结合运动学方程建立了可达区域数学模型.基于最优控制原理,实现了边界点快速计算;提出了基本可达区域的概念,将实时可达区域构造问题转化为少量边界点的计算问题.以AH-1G直升机为对象进行了二维和三维的算例分析,并与微分包含法计算结果进行了对比.算例结果表明,直升机控制域是时变的,需根据实时飞行状态进行计算;该算法能实时计算前飞状态直升机的可达区域,有较高的计算精度.