交会对接寻的段机动故障对策分析与仿真

根据寻的段的机动故障类型及其约束条件,首先给出了该段的故障控制策略规划模型,然后给出了相应的故障对策,最后基于高精度轨道模型仿真分析了各种故障工况。仿真结果表明,所提出的对策能较好的应对寻的段各类机动故障。     

基于改进最小模算法的弹载圆阵抗诱偏技术

为了保证反辐射导弹(ARM)的有效杀伤力,基于非相干两点源的诱偏原理,设计了一种弹载小型圆阵,同时在改进最小模算法(MNM)的基础上,估计辐射源的到达角(DOA),从而实现对目标雷达及诱饵的定位。给出了均匀圆阵下最小模算法的原理及其改进算法,并对七元阵结构下的非相干的三辐射源进行仿真,仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

分布式光纤微弯应变传感器

分布式应变传感器对大型重要工程结构的应变状态的实时测量具有重要的应用价值.本文研究了一种基于光时域反射技术的准分布式光纤应变传感器系统,沿光纤分布各局部点的应变信息由一种新颖结构的微弯应变传感器提取.实验研究表明,此微弯应变传感器在一定的工作范围内有较高的灵敏度、较好的线性度和重复性.     

基于多机理竞争退化的导弹贮存可靠性分析

远程转换开关、无线电高度表、雷达角自动装置、陀螺仪和弹上电源是影响导弹长期贮存可靠性的关键部件.明确导弹贮存剖面,通过定期检测得到长期贮存条件下各关键部件的特征电压值,然后采用移动标准偏差方法描述了各特征电压值的贮存稳定性水平,并对其进行退化规律拟合求得各关键部件贮存寿命.提炼出10套导弹产品的各关键部件贮存寿命,通过分布假设检验和分布参数辨识,求得各关键部件的贮存可靠度模型,最后根据导弹产品随机性、分散性、多机理竞争特点,分析导弹产品在悲观和乐观情况下的可靠性结果.本文的研究思路和结论能为长期贮存条件下贮存类产品的贮存可靠性评估、贮存维护方案研究提供技术支撑.     

氟化处理工艺对TiAl合金氧化层组织的影响

文章研究了氟离子注入和NH₄F溶液处理对TiAl合金高温氧化层组织结构的影响规律。结果表明:TiAl合金高温氧化层的组织和致密度受氟化处理工艺和参数的影响很大;经过表面氟化处理的TiAl合金高温氧化抗力高于原始合金;随着表面氟含量增加,氧化层的钛元素含量增加,致密度下降,研究表明存在一个最佳的表面氟浓度。     

The influence of the spatial and temporal collocation windows on the comparisons of the ionospheric characteristic parameters derived from COSMIC radio occultation and digisondes

GPS radio occultation (RO) ionospheric products obtained by Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) mission during the year of 2014 and the observations from 3 digisonde stations which are located at different latitudes are used to study the influence of different time and space collocation windows on the comparisons of the ionospheric characteristic parameters (ICPs), including the peak density and peak height, derived from the two techniques. The results show that the correlation coefficients (CC) and the standard deviation of the absolute biases (SDAB) between the ICPs derived from the two techniques vary distinctly under different spatial and time collocation windows. Generally, the CC (SDAB) of the ICPs decrease (increase) as the size of the collocation window increases in time dimension or in space dimension. The rate of change of the statistic parameters with the increase in the size of the collocation window in time dimension and space dimension is analyzed for each digisonde station. It is found that within the collocation window of $\left(60\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n},{20}^{°},{20}^{°}\right)$, the influence of the increase of $1^{°}$ in the space window on the statistical comparison is much more significant than that of the increase of 1?min in the time window, and it is suggested that there can be appropriate relaxation on the time window within the threshold of 60?min to get a balance between the quality of the comparison results and the number of the matched pairs. In addition, it is found that the same variations in the longitude window and in the latitude window may have different influences on the comparison results when the horizontal gradients in electron density are distinctly different along different directions at the digisonde station, and strict space collocation window is preferred when comparing the observations from COSMIC RO with those from the digisonde station in such cases.     

压缩氮气驱动的高速气炮实验技术

文章介绍压缩氮气驱动的二级气炮、三级气炮的研制背景、设计技术和发射性能特点,分析活塞质量、弹丸质量、驱动气压和泵管初充气压等发射参数对发射弹速和发射效果的影响,分析了制约提高弹速上限的主要因素,还介绍利用上述二级气炮和三级气炮开展的若干实验研究情况,评估压缩氮气驱动多级气炮的开发应用前景。     

The evolution of globular clusters

Taking a wide range of the initial conditions, including spatial density distribution and mass function etc, the dynamical evolution of globular clusters in the Milky Way is investigated in detail by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Four dynamic mechanisms are considered: stellar evaporation, stellar evolution, tidal shocks due to both the disk and bulge, and dynamical friction. It is found that stellar evaporation dominates the evolution of low-mass clusters and all four are important for massive ones. For both the power-law and lognormal initial clusters mass functions, we can find the best-fit models which can match the present-day observations with their main features of the mass function almost unchanged after evolution of several Gyr. This implies that it is not possible to determine the initial mass function only based on the observed ones today. Moreover, the dispersion of the modelled mass functions mainly depends on the potential wells of host galaxies with the almost constant peaks, which is consistent with current observations.     

Optimal assimilation for ionospheric weather – Theoretical aspect

Observation, specification and prediction of ionospheric weather are the key scientific pursuits of space physicists, which largely based on an optimal assimilation system. The optimal assimilation system, or commonly called data assimilation system, consists of dynamic process, observation system and optimal estimation procedure. We attempt to give a complete framework in this paper under which the data assimilation procedure carries through. We discuss some crucial issues of data assimilation as follows: modeling a dynamic system for ionospheric weather; state estimation for static or steady system in sense of optimization and likelihood; state and its uncertainty estimation for dynamic process. Meanwhile we also discuss briefly the observability of an observation system; system parameter identification. Some data assimilation procedures existed at present are reviewed in the framework of this paper. As an example, a second order dynamic system is discussed in more detail to illustrate the specific optimal assimilation procedure, ranging from modeling the system, state and its uncertainty calculation, to the quantitatively integration of dynamic law, measurement to significantly reduce the estimation error. The analysis shows that the optimal assimilation model, with mathematical core of optimal estimation, differs from the theoretical, empirical and semi-empirical models in assimilating measured data, being constrained by physical law and being optimized respectively. The data assimilation technique, due to its optimization and integration feature, could obtain better accurate results than those obtained by dynamic process, measurement or their statistical analysis alone. The model based on optimal assimilation meets well with the criterion of the model or algorithm assessment by ‘space weather metrics’. More attention for optimal assimilation procedure creation should be paid to transition matrix finding, which is usually not easy for practical space weather system. High performance computing hardware and software studies should be promoted further so as to meet the requirement of large storage and extensive computation in the optimal estimation. The discussion in this paper is appropriate for the static or steady state or transition process of dynamic system. Many phenomena in space environment are unstable and chaos. So space environment study should include and integrate these two branches of learning. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

阳极氧化对7075铝合金疲劳性能的影响

研究了铬酸与硫酸阳极氧化对7075铝合金疲劳性能的影响,结果显示,铬酸阳极氧化在ΔK较小时,能显著降低7075-T6铝合金在空气中疲劳裂纹扩展速率以及在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展速率,而在ΔK较大时对疲劳裂纹扩展的速率几乎没有影响,却使腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展速率明显增加.在实验室空气中经铬酸阳极氧化的铝合金的疲劳断口裂纹扩展的皱褶更为细致,腐蚀疲劳断口则几乎见不到裂纹扩展形成的辉纹.还发现ΔK在300～700 N/mm3/2之间,硫酸阳极氧化使7057-T6铝合金疲劳裂纹的扩展速率增大,只是当ΔK较大时增加的幅度不是十分明显,却能在较宽的ΔK范围内显著降低铝合金腐蚀疲劳裂纹的扩展速率.