三维广布裂纹疲劳扩展分析

 飞机结构表面由于腐蚀、疲劳等原因存在三维广布裂纹,相邻裂纹在疲劳载荷作用下相互影响、相互促进,从而加速了结构破坏。为了探讨并求解三维广布裂纹结构的疲劳寿命,选取表面有两个半椭圆形表面裂纹的有限厚矩形板为计算模型,采用参数化有限元方法,求解裂纹前沿的应力强度因子、裂纹扩展方向和裂纹扩展增量,建立并应用应力强度因子变化历程,采用循环接循环损伤累积方法,对结构在疲劳载荷作用下的寿命进行了预测。预测结果为复杂环境中三维广布裂纹飞机结构的寿命评估提供了参考。     

上仰三角翼的流动与频率特性

在水洞和风洞中分别完成了上仰三角翼的流动显示和动态测压试验,目的是研究上仰-停止三角翼的流动和频率特性。水洞中的流动显示试验结果表明,在不同的上仰迎角范围和不同的简化频率k值下,三角翼前缘涡破裂点的位置变化是不相同的。通过分析在风洞中测得的三角翼做上仰运动时的压力信号的结果表明,在破裂涡区中,在相同的名义迎角下,无量纲螺旋波的主频比静态时的高,且k值越大无量纲螺旋波频率越高。不同后掠角的三角翼均能得到相似的结论。     

飞机总体设计用数据库的开发与应用

为提高设计的质量与效率,研究了数据库在飞机总体方案设计中的应用.建立了翼型、剖面及简化模型数据库,包括发动机、座椅、飞行员、雷达、座舱显控设备、武器、起落架及其他机电、航电设备数据库,并且提出了模型的参数化方法.在一个开放式飞机总体设计环境中集成了建立的数据库,实现了在几何模型构建、总体布置时的数据库调用.最后通过一个设计实例说明了方法的有效性.     

气动与隐身性能计算精度对飞行器设计的影响

将计算精度高的流场和电磁场求解算法引入到飞行器外形多目标优化设计中,研究了气动特性和雷达散射截面算法计算精度对外形设计结果的影响.以无人机外形气动与隐身一体化设计为例的研究结果表明,低精度优化设计的外形在实际应用中难以获得预期的性能,采用高精度计算模型的优化设计可以获得性能更优的外形.     

大后掠飞翼布局无人机操纵面特性及控制研究

飞翼布局飞机由于取消了常规安定面,导致其稳定特性发生了很大的改变.针对所建立的大后掠飞翼模型,给出了一套典型的操纵面布置方案,通过CFD计算后,对各舵面气动特性进行了分析,在升降舵、副翼和阻力方向舵偏转过程中对各气动参数的影响进行了研究,给控制系统的设计提供了依据.同时,研究了开裂式阻力舵开裂后引起的纵横航向耦合运动及其控制情况.     

Residual Strength of Stiffened LY12CZ Aluminum Alloy Panels with Widespread Fatigue Damage

Experimental and analytical investigations on the residual strength of the stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with widespread fatigue damage （WFD） are conducted. Nine stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with three different types of damage are tested for residual strength. Each specimen is pre-cracked at rivet holes by saw cuts and subjected to a monotonically increasing tensile load until failure is occurred and the failure load is recorded. The stress intensity factors at the tips of the lead crack and the adjacent WFD cracks of the stiffened aluminum alloy panels are calculated by compounding approach and finite element method （FEM） respectively. The residual strength of the stiffened panels with WFD is evaluated by the engineering method with plastic zone linkup criterion and the FEM with apparent fracture toughness criterion respectively. The predicted residual strength agrees well with the experiment results. It indicates that in engineering practice these methods can be used for residual strength evaluation with the acceptable accuracy. It can be seen from this research that WFD can significantly reduce the residual strength and the critical crack length of the stiffened panels with WFD. The effect of WFD crack length on residual strength is also studied.     

Dynamics Analysis of Close-coupling Multiple Helicopters System

The particularity and practicality of harmony operations of close-coupling multiple helicopters indicate that the researches on it are urgent and necessary, Using the model that describes two hovering helicopters carrying one heavy load, an inertia coordinate system and body coordinate systems of each sub-system are established. A nonlinear force model is established too. The equilibrium computation results can be regarded as the reference control inputs of the flight control system under hovering or low-speed flight condition. After the establishment of a translation kinematics model and a posture kinematics model, a coupling dynamics model of the multiple helicopter system is set up. The results can also be regarded as the base to analyze stabilization and design a controller for a close-coupling multiple helicopters harmony operation system.     

OpenGL在FBG传感网络结构健康监测中的应用

对飞机机翼三维重建方法及其应用进行了研究,并采用开放性图形库OpenGL(Open Graphics Librar-y)三维图形软件接口标准,在Visual C 6.0平台下开发了基于光纤布拉格光栅FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating)动态应变采集与机翼模型三维重建系统.本文通过共享数据库的方式,在机翼模型与FBG传感网络数据直接建立连接,FBG传感器数据变化可实时在三维机翼模型中进行体现,由此实现了直观地对飞机机翼各监测点应变情况的实时监测.     

三星无源定位的精度分析及定位算法

 在三颗地球同步卫星加气压高度表的无源定位中,定义了气压高度表水平几何误差因子(HDOP)和伪距位置几何误差因子(PDOP),并给出了相应的数学表达式和分布图。提出了在卡尔曼滤波算法中增加多普勒频率作为观测量,同时选用衰减记忆法滤波,并给出了相应的算法。仿真结果表明：衰减记忆法滤波可以有效克服因Singer模型不准确引起的卡尔曼滤波发散;对于高中动态用户,增加多普勒频率后的衰减记忆卡尔曼滤波算法的定位精度要高于常规卡尔曼滤波法和迭代最小二乘法的定位精度。     

变轴向间隙下压气机近失速工况时弯曲静叶改善流场的实验研究(英文)

The outlet flow fields of a low-speed repeating-stage compressor with bowed stator stages are measured with five-hole probe under the near stall condition when the rotor/stator axial gap varies. The performances of the straight stator stages are investigated and compared to those of the bowed stator stages. The results show that using bowed stator stages could alleviate the flow separation at both upper and low corners of the suction surface and the endwalls, and decrease the losses along the flow passage as well as the outlet flow angle. As the rotor/stator axial gap decreases, although the diffusion capacity of the compressor increases obviously, the outlet flow field in the straight stator stages deteriorates quickly. By contrast, little changes occur in the bowed stator stages, indicating that as the rotor/stator axial gap decreases, improved performance is achieved in the bowed stator stages.