低马赫数下多凹腔燃烧室非稳态燃烧过程

作为稳定火焰的有效手段之一,凹腔构型在冲压发动机燃烧室研究中占有重要地位。在对以煤油为燃料的多凹腔燃烧室冷/热态流动特性分析的基础上,重点研究低进口马赫数条件下燃烧室点火起动初期非稳态过程。结果表明：上游凹腔内大涡结构有助于提高燃料的驻留时间,未燃混气被高速主流带入下游凹腔内继续反应,进一步提高燃烧效率;燃油喷射速度决定被卷吸进回流区的燃油质量分数的大小,进而影响燃烧效率高低;燃烧室点火起动初期出现了主流熄火、火焰逆流传播以及主流再着火等复杂现象,火焰逆流传播现象是在上游凹腔内燃料自燃与下游燃烧释热压缩来流两种机制共同作用下完成的。     

GH3044合金堵盖高温氧化机理研究

为了研究固体推进剂燃气对GH3044合金堵盖的作用机理,通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、硬度测试仪等手段对GH3044合金堵盖的孔洞进行测试与分析。结果显示:在氧化性气氛下,GH3044合金出现了沿晶界的择优氧化,形成了楔形裂纹,在热应力及氧化物长大的膨胀应力作用下发生剥落并最终形成喇叭形的烧蚀孔洞;其中,燃气中的金属氧化物(PbO)沿晶界与基体中的Ni发生氧化还原反应,形成低熔点的Pb-Ni共晶,进一步加剧了GH3044合金的高温氧化。     

铝合金壳体阳极化膜颜色异常分析

铝合金壳体在阳极化处理后表面阳极化膜存在颜色异常(发黑)现象。本文通过对壳体阳极化膜表面及基体形貌观察、金相分析和成分分析对发黑的原因进行了分析。结果表明壳体阳极化膜发黑的原因是由于该区域存在成分偏析(合金含量高),导致该区域的晶粒尺度比正常区域小、耐蚀性比正常区域差,膜层微观结构与正常区域存在差异,膜层内部化合物较多,致使该区域膜层呈现黑色。     

热障涂层在涡轮叶片应用中的热防护有效性

建立了含热障涂层的涡轮叶片简化传热模型,通过理论推导建立了热障涂层的有效性判据,并基于此进行了热防护有效性分析。理论分析与数值实验表明:由热障涂层带来的复合传热表面传热系数的变化会显著影响热障涂层的热防护效果;在发动机典型工况下,对于处于高温区的高压涡轮叶片前缘处,热障涂层引起的复合传热表面传热系数变化率最大值的范围为1.25%~10.83%以满足热防护有效性要求。在工程中应特别注意由于热障涂层的应用带来的复合传热表面传热系数的变化,否则会导致热防护失效,甚至产生反效果。      

Numerical investigation on flow and heat transfer characteristics of supercritical RP-3 in inclined pipe

Numerical simulations of flow and heat transfer to supercritical RP-3 through the inclined tubes have been performed using LS k–e model embedded in Fluent. The physical properties of RP-3 were obtained using the generalized corresponding state laws based on the fourcomponent surrogate model. Mass flow rate is 0.3 g/s, system pressure is 3 MPa, inlet temperature is 373 K. Inclination of the inclined pipe varied from -90° to 90°, with heat flux varied from 300 k W/m~2 to 400 kW/m~2. Comparison between the calculated result and the experimental data indicates the range of error reasonable. The results of ±45° show that temperature inhomogeneity in inclined pipe produce the secondary flow in its cross section due to the buoyancy force. Depending on the strength of the temperature inhomogeneity, there will be two different forms of secondary flow and both contribute to the convective heat transfer in the pipe. The secondary flow intensity decreases when the inhomogeneity alleviates and thermal acceleration will play a leading role. It will have a greater impact on the turbulent flow to affect the convective heat transfer in the pipe. When changing the inclination, it affects the magnitude of the buoyant component in flow direction. The angle increases, the buoyancy component decreases. And the peak temperature of wall dominated by the secondary flow will move forward and increase in height.     

基于通用无线电外设的北斗信号仿真系统

研究了基于通用软件无线电外设(USRP)的北斗信号仿真系统。给出了北斗卫星电文的生成方式,使用Matlab读取星历信息并定义编码产生北斗卫星信号,并利用USRP实现北斗卫星电文的调制发射,利用接收机对该信号进行捕获接收,并对信号附加的多普勒频移进行仿真。最后通过接收机对仿真系统产生的信号进行接收验证。通过此仿真系统可更直观地研究北斗卫星信号,对研究北斗卫星导航系统具有一定的参考意义。     

基于调平回路的LESO抗干扰方法研究

针对平台台体转位过程中方位角速度对水平通道调平回路的干扰问题,提出了惯导平台调平回路抗干扰方法.将线性扩张状态观测器(LESO)应用于调平回路中,对干扰进行估计并实时补偿.基于调平回路模型,对LESO进行设计及仿真分析.仿真结果表明,LESO能准确估计干扰且动态补偿效果好,较原系统具有更强的抑制干扰能力.     

轴流压气机吞水后的性能变化研究

为了探究航空发动机吸入雨水后压缩系统的特性变化,针对水滴进入压气机后的湿压缩过程展开研究。基于两相流动的基本原理构建了气液两相的传热传质模型和颗粒运动模型,采用一维逐级叠加的方法计算压气机各级性能,并利用Fortran程序对吞雨后压气机整体性能进行了计算。计算结果表明当吞雨量从3%增加到15%时,压气机压比的下降幅度分别由5.7%增加至15.7%;压气机各级温比的变化特性揭示了液滴在压气机前面级蒸发小、后面级蒸发大的规律;通过对比干、湿压缩条件下的压气机整体特性,可得出吞雨后压气机稳定工作范围变窄的结论。     

惯性器件精密零件微小毛刺去除技术研究

针对惯性器件中的外形复杂类零件、通孔交叉孔类零件、特殊材料类零件等微小毛刺去除需求,分析了现有控制工艺方法不足.通过开展高效率、高质量的零件毛刺去除试验,研究了磨粒流去毛刺、磁力研磨去毛刺、强力超声波去毛刺等精密去毛刺新方法对产品质量的影响,分析了先进去毛刺工艺方法的适用性,探索了惯性器件零件去毛刺技术发展方向.     

An experimental system for release simulation of internal stores in a supersonic wind tunnel

Aerodynamic parameters obtained from separation experiments of internal stores in a wind tunnel are significant in aircraft designs. Accurate wind tunnel tests can help to improve the release stability of the stores and in-flight safety of the aircrafts in supersonic environments.A simulative system for free drop experiments of internal stores based on a practical project is provided in this paper. The system contains a store release mechanism, a control system and an attitude measurement system. The release mechanism adopts a six-bar linkage driven by a cylinder, which ensures the release stability. The structure and initial aerodynamic parameters of the stores are also designed and adjusted. A high speed vision measurement system for high speed rolling targets is utilized to measure the pose parameters of the internal store models and an optimizing method for the coordinates of markers is presented based on a priori model. The experimental results show excellent repeatability of the system, and indicate that the position measurement precision is less than0.13 mm, and the attitude measurement precision for pitch and yaw angles is less than 0.126°, satisfying the requirements of practical wind tunnel tests. A separation experiment for the internal stores is also conducted in the FL-3 wind tunnel of China Aerodynamics Research Institute.