基于自动有限元建模的民机机翼结构布局优化

针对民用飞机中广泛采用的双梁式机翼结构,以机翼结构纵向构件(长桁)和横向构件(翼肋)的数量为参数生成机翼CAD模型,然后基于Patran的PCL(Patran Command Language)语言,根据整体模型分割、局部模型编号、局部网格控制、整体有限元生成的思路,实现了以纵向和横向构件的数量变化为基础自动进行机翼结构有限元模型的构建及分析,并将上述流程集成到机翼结构的布局优化中.最后参照某大型民用飞机的机翼外形尺寸建立了CAD模型,以机翼的静强度、刚度和蒙皮稳定性为约束,以机翼结构质量最低为目标,对上、下蒙皮长桁和翼肋数量进行了优化.优化后的布局使机翼结构质量降低了10.1%,表明了布局优化方法的有效性和可行性.     

基于未加权区域采样的直线反走样算法

直线作为组成图形的基本元素,其生成方法一直是计算机图形学研究的基础内容之一.针对非垂直且非水平直线在光栅图形显示器存在的走样现象,结合经典的Bresenham算法和未加权区域采样思想,提出一种新的反走样直线生成算法.相比于传统的未加权区域采样以及Wu算法,该算法主要利用整数加减运算完成直线的反走样,计算简单,利于FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)硬件实现.仿真结果表明:新算法的仿真速度约为传统未加权区域采样的3倍,与Wu算法仿真速度相当;利用Wu算法生成的直线平滑性较好,但是沿着直线方向的某些相邻像素灰度值相差较大,而新算法生成的直线不但平滑效果好,而且沿直线方向相邻像素灰度值相差不大,因此,相比于Wu算法,新算法反走样效果更佳.     

Autonomous navigation of Mars probe using X-ray pulsars: Modeling and results

Autonomous navigation of Mars probe is a main challenge due to the lack of dense ground tracking network measurements. In this paper, autonomous navigation of the Mars probe Orbits is investigated using the X-ray pulsars. A group of X-ray pulsars with high ranging accuracy are selected based on their properties and an adaptive extended Kalman filter is developed to incorporate the Mars probe dynamics and pulsar-based ranging measurements. Results of numerical experiment show that the three-dimensional positioning accuracy can achieve 750m in X-axis, 220m in Y-axis and 230m in Z-axis, which is much better than the positioning results by current Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) or Doppler observations with the accuracy of 150 km or several kilometers, respectively.     

Powered-descent trajectory optimization scheme for Mars landing

This paper presents a trajectory optimization scheme for powered-descent phase of Mars landing with considerations of disturbance. Firstly, θ–D$\theta ''–''D$ method is applied to design a suboptimal control law with descent model in the absence of disturbance. Secondly, disturbance is estimated by disturbance observer, and the disturbance estimation is as feedforward compensation. Then, semi-global stability analysis of the composite controller consisting of the nonlinear suboptimal controller and the disturbance feedforward compensation is proposed. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of proposed control scheme, an application including relevant simulations on a Mars landing mission is demonstrated.     

基于四路信号处理的载波锁相环

载波跟踪环是独立导航接收机中最为脆弱的部分,在一定载噪比下,影响载波跟踪环跟踪门限的主要因素是动态应力。科斯塔斯锁相环是最常用的载波跟踪环之一,由于频率牵引范围的限制,其对动态应力非常敏感,该频率牵引范围由最大相位牵引范围决定。传统科斯塔斯锁相环是基于两路信号处理进行载波相位锁定的,其相位牵入范围仅为［-π/2,π/2］。文章提出了一种基于四路信号处理的科斯塔斯锁相环,增加的两路信号分别与原来两路相位相差π/4,其相位牵入范围可以达到［-3π/4,3π/4］,较传统方式提高了1/2。仿真结果显示文中提出的设计方法能够明显提高环路的动态性能     

测量时刻偏差对单星定轨误差的影响分析

为评估测量时刻偏差对单星定轨等效测量误差的影响,根据单星定轨处理策略分析了其理论模型,指出测站接收机的测量时刻偏差由测站时钟钟差以及测量时刻不准确度等组成。试验数据分析表明,测站钟差经一阶多项式拟合后的残差可近似为零均值的测量噪声;数值仿真结果表明,卫星信号发射时刻1ms误差导致GEO、IGSO、MEO三种卫星的等效测距误差分别为006cm、40cm、80cm。     

月球精确软着陆最优标称轨迹在轨制导方法

为实现在月球表面期望的着陆点进行精确软着陆（PPL）,且满足燃耗最优性要求,基于提出的LIDAR目标点在轨自主选定的月球精确软着陆方案,对月球PPL最优标称轨迹在轨快速规划制导方法进行研究。首先针对月球PPL三维球体非线性轨道动力学模型,采用Legendre Gauss Lobatto伪光谱方法将轨迹优化的最优控制问题转化为非线性规划问题（NLP）,再利用SQP优化算法求解月球PPL最优标称轨迹,最后通过遗传算法对优化结果进行验证,并提出应用遗传算法提供SQP在轨规划初值数据库的方案。仿真结果表明了最优标称轨迹在轨规划方法的快速性和有效性。     

具有广泛适用性的AOS虚拟信道调度算法

针对现有的基于虚拟信道紧迫度的动态调度算法的不足,提出了一种新的高级在轨系统虚拟信道动态调度算法。该算法首先估算虚拟信道的紧迫度和数据帧的紧迫度,然后用加权系数将二者结合起来构造成一个全新的虚拟信道传送紧迫度函数,再根据该函数的值进行判决调度。对于高级在轨系统中不同速率、不同性质、不同类型的星上数据源,该算法均可通过选择合适的加权系数灵活地分配传输时隙,保证各用户合理、动态地占用物理信道,满足对数据的传输时延要求,因此具有广泛的适用性。理论分析和仿真结果表明,本文提出的算法比基于虚拟信道紧迫度的动态调度算法具有更好的性能     

负压式平板型环路热管试验

为解决高热流密度电子器件的散热问题,设计了一套负压式铜 甲醇环路热管,其蒸发器设计成平板型。研究表明,该平板型环路热管具有较高的散热能力,能够在无重力姿态和重力姿态下顺利启动。当重力倾角分别为0°、18°和30°,热负荷为160W时,蒸发器壁面温度分别达到85.8℃、66.3℃和64.6℃。按照环路热管启动状态,其启动过程可分为3个阶段：加热阶段、预启动阶段和后启动阶段。在低热负荷区域,环路热管会出现温度波动现象。增大重力倾角,有利于降低蒸发器壁面温度和热阻。当重力倾角为30°,热负荷从10W递增到160W时,环路热管的热阻从4.97℃/W降低到0.39℃/W。     

Low-dose carbon ion irradiation effects on DNA damage and oxidative stress in the mouse testis

To investigate the effects of low-dose carbon ion irradiation on reproductive system of mice, the testes of outbred Kunming strain mice were whole-body irradiated with 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 Gy, respectively. We measured DNA double-strand breaks (DNA DSBs) and oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and testis weight and sperm count at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation in mouse testis. At 12 h postirradiation, a significant increase in DNA DSB level but no pronounced alterations in MDA content or SOD activity were observed in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups compared with the control group. At 21 d postirradiation, there was a significant reduction in sperm count and distinct enhancements of DSB level and MDA content in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups in comparison with control. At 35 d postirradiation, the levels of DNA DSBs and MDA, and SOD activity returned to the baseline except for the MDA content in 1 Gy (P < 0.05), while extreme falls of sperm count were still observed in 0.5 (P < 0.01) and 1 Gy (P < 0.01) groups. For the 0.05 or 0.1 Gy group, no differences were found in DNA DSB level and MDA content between control and at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation, indicating that lower doses of carbon ion irradiation have no significant influence on spermatogenesis processes. In this study, male germ cells irradiated with over 0.5 Gy of carbon ions are difficult to repair completely marked by the sperm count. Furthermore, these data suggest that the deleterious effects may be chronic or delayed in reproductive system after whole-body exposure to acute high-dose carbon ions.