基于多GPU的大型线性和非线性方程组的求解(英文)

在处理工程问题时,常常需要对线性或非线性方程组进行求解。对于实际应用中经常遇到的大型方程组进行求解则需要相当长的时间。使用图形处理器(GPU)代替传统的CPU,将多块GPU通过操作系统进行协调,并将PBi-CGstab方法和Inexact Newton方法进行适合多GPU并行的改造以此作为多GPU求解器的核心算法,加速求解大型线性和非线性方程组。本文的多GPU求解器在成倍扩展了单GPU求解器允许的计算规模的同时取得了令人满意的加速比。     

基于对数正态分布的多部位疲劳结构的疲劳寿命预测方法

以实现多部位疲劳结构的寿命预测为目的,基于概率累积损伤法则,推导了基于寿命服从对数正态分布的概率疲劳寿命预测方法。根据损伤临界值与应力水平无关这一前提条件,将损伤临界值由传统确定性的值1转换为随机变量,累积损伤由确定性的中值损伤计算,建立了"中值累积损伤-概率损伤临界值"干涉模型。当对数寿命标准差恒定时,对比了所提出模型和基于Monte Carlo仿真的Miner累积损伤方法的寿命预测结果,验证了模型的准确性以及其方便快捷的优点;当对数寿命标准差变化时,损伤临界值由满足损伤等效的应力基准决定,此时亦可得到高精度的偏于安全的寿命预测结果。     

SiC内层厚度对SiC/Si-MoSi2涂层抗氧化性能影响的研究

为了提高石墨材料的抗氧化性,在石墨表面制备SiC/Si-MoSi2抗氧化涂层.首先采用液硅渗透在石墨材料表面制备SiC内涂层,然后采用料浆刷涂法制备Si-MoSi2外层.详细研究了SiC内层厚度对所制备的SiC/Si-MoSi2涂层抗氧化性能的影响.结果表明,SiC内层厚度对涂层的氧化防护能力有很大影响;在本实验条件下,当SiC内层厚度为240μm左右时,所制备的涂层在1 400℃的高温下对碳基体具有长时间的氧化防护性能.并从微观结构上分析和解释SiC内层厚度对所制备涂层的抗氧化性能的影响.     

压气机进口档板动态畸变流场参数分析

对某型发动机压气机进口档板动态畸变流场数据进行了研究。分析了流场稳态总压、总压脉动强度和涡旋尺度随档板插入深度、压气机流量的变化规律,以及各动态参数之间的相对变化特点;初步探讨了涡旋尺度、总压脉动强度、综合畸变指数和压气机喘振裕度损失等性能参数变化的关系,获得了有价值的试验研究数据结果。     

超高温陶瓷基复合材料制备工艺研究进展

对超高温陶瓷作了简要介绍,综述了先驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)、反应熔体浸渗(RMI)、化学气相渗透(CVI)、泥浆法(SI)等工艺的最新研究进展。     

孪生对热轧AZ31镁合金中低温变形行为的影响

研究了热轧AZ31镁合金板材中低温变形(室温～573K)时孪生所导致的硬化和软化效果,并结合金相显微技术(OM)和透射电子显微技术(TEM)对相关变形机理及孪生类型进行判断。结果发现,有较强基面织构特征的AZ31镁合金板材在室温～573K变形过程中{10ī1}压缩孪晶起主要作用,同时也存在少量的基面滑移。变形温度越高,变形速率越小,孪晶数量也逐渐减少。中低温变形时AZ31镁合金轧制板材中的压缩孪晶和二次孪晶同时起软化作用与硬化作用,但硬化作用大于软化作用。     

Monocular Vision-based Two-stage Iterative Algorithm for Relative Position and Attitude Estimation of Docking Spacecraft

Visual sensors are used to measure the relative state of the chaser spacecraft to the target spacecraft during close range rendezvous phases. This article proposes a two-stage iterative algorithm based on an inverse projection ray approach to address the relative position and attitude estimation by using feature points and monocular vision. It consists of two stages: absolute orientation and depth recovery. In the first stage, Umeyama's algorithm is used to fit the three-dimensional (3D) model set and estimate the 3D point set while in the second stage, the depths of the observed feature points are estimated. This procedure is repeated until the result converges. Moreover, the effectiveness and convergence of the proposed algorithm are verified through theoretical analysis and mathematical simulation.     

Erosion of a Polyimide Material Exposed to Simulated Atomic Oxygen Environment

Oxygen plasma source generated by thermal cathode filament discharge has been used to study the erosion process of polyimide (PI) materials in atomic oxygen (AO) environment, and their mass loss, surface morphology and surface chemical compositions have been examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after exposure to incremental AO flux. The data indicate that the physical adsorption of AO at the samples' surface results in the increase of oxygen concentration when polyimide is exposed to AO flux. Then selective chemical reactions of groups of polyimide materials with AO yield volatile organic compounds, sample mass loss is on linear increase and carpet-like surface morphology forms. In the initial exposure to AO, the reaction occurs mainly between AO and carbon in specific location of aromatic ring, then the reaction rate of C=O groups gradually increases. After AO exposure, the oxygen concentration increases while nitrogen and carbon concentration decreases. Reaction rate of groups containing nitrogen is slower compared with carbon and oxygen.     

飞机零件制造模型及数字化定义

在大飞机数字化制造中,不仅仅是用数字化的装备改变传统的制造工艺过程,而且新的产品信息模型定义技术同样使制造过程产生重大的变革。本课题提出用MBD数据集和DMM数据集共同构成面向全数字化制造的产品模型,将改变原有的产品制造技术体系,实现数字化向产品制造过程的延伸。     

基于MEMS技术的微型飞行器

随着MEMS技术的发展,微型飞行器(MAV)成为当今先进国家竞相研究的科技前沿课题。综述了世界各国微型飞行器研究的进展及其关键技术。